Lithium salts for advanced lithium batteries: Li-metal, Li-O2, and Li-S

Younesi, Reza; Veith, Gabriel M.; Johansson, Patrik; Edstrom, Kristina; Vegge, Tejs

doi:10.1039/C5EE01215E

Title: Lithium salts for advanced lithium batteries: Li-metal, Li-O₂, and Li-S

Journal Article · Mon Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Energy & Environmental Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/C5EE01215E· OSTI ID:1195810

Younesi, Reza ^[1]; Veith, Gabriel M. ^[2]; Johansson, Patrik ^[3]; Edstrom, Kristina ^[4]; Vegge, Tejs ^[5]

Univ. of Denmark, Roskilde (Denmark); Uppsala Univ., Uppsala (Sweden)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Chalmers Univ. of Technology, Goteborg (Sweden); ALISTORE-ERI European Research Institute, Amiens (France)
Uppsala Univ., Uppsala (Sweden); ALISTORE-ERI European Research Institute, Amiens (France)
Technical University of Denmark

Presently lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF₆) is the dominant Li-salt used in commercial rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) based on a graphite anode and a 3-4 V cathode material. While LiPF₆ is not the ideal Li-salt for every important electrolyte property, it has a uniquely suitable combination of properties (temperature range, passivation, conductivity, etc.) rendering it the overall best Li-salt for LIBs. However, this may not necessarily be true for other types of Li-based batteries. Indeed, next generation batteries, for example lithium-metal (Li-metal), lithium-oxygen (Li-O₂), and lithium sulphur (Li-S), require a re-evaluation of Li-salts due to the different electrochemical and chemical reactions and conditions within such cells. Furthermore, this review explores the critical role Li-salts play in ensuring in these batteries viability.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1195810

Journal Information:: Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 8, Issue 7; ISSN 1754-5692

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 390 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (180)

Electrolytes for advanced batteries Blomgren, George E. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 81-82 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00188-3	journal	September 1999
Effect of surface preparation and R-group size on the stabilization of lithium metal anodes with silanes Neuhold, Susanna; Schroeder, David J.; Vaughey, John T. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 206 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.01.129	journal	May 2012
Nanoconfined LiBH ₄ as a Fast Lithium Ion Conductor Blanchard, Didier; Nale, Angeloclaudio; Sveinbjörnsson, Dadi Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201402538	journal	October 2014
Anodic Aluminum Dissolution in Conducting Salt Containing Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Hofmann, Andreas; Schulz, Michael; Winkler, Volker Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 161, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.094403jes	journal	December 2013
Lithium Dicyanotriazolate as a Lithium Salt for Poly(ethylene oxide) Based Polymer Electrolytes Egashira, M.; Scrosati, B.; Armand, M. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1558352	journal	January 2003
Synthesis and Characterization of Lithium Bis(fluoromalonato)borate for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications Liao, Chen; Han, Kee Sung; Baggetto, Loïc Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201301368	journal	November 2013
Influence of Lithium Salts on Physicochemical Properties of Lithium Polysulphide Solutions in Sulfolane Kolosnitsyn, Vladimir; Kuzmina, Elena; Karaseva, Elena 215th ECS Meeting, ECS Transactions https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3247062	conference	January 2009
Low-temperature performance of Li-ion cells with a LiBF4-based electrolyte Zhang, S.; Xu, K.; Jow, T. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-002-0300-9	journal	March 2003
Ether Based Electrolyte, LiB(CN) ₄ Salt and Binder Degradation in the Li–O ₂ Battery Studied by Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES) Younesi, Reza; Hahlin, Maria; Treskow, Marcel The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 116, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp303691m	journal	August 2012
Elucidating the Mechanism of Oxygen Reduction for Lithium-Air Battery Applications Laoire, Cormac O.; Mukerjee, Sanjeev; Abraham, K. M. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 113, Issue 46, p. 20127-20134 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp908090s	journal	November 2009
Spectroscopic Characterization of Solid Discharge Products in Li–Air Cells with Aprotic Carbonate Electrolytes Veith, Gabriel M.; Dudney, Nancy J.; Howe, Jane The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 115, Issue 29 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp2043015	journal	June 2011
The dependence of the performance of Li-C intercalation anodes for Li-ion secondary batteries on the electrolyte solution composition Ein-Eli, Yair; Markovsky, Boris; Aurbach, Doron Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 39, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(94)00221-5	journal	December 1994
Compatibility of lithium salts with solvent of the non-aqueous electrolyte in Li–O2 batteries Du, Peng; Lu, Jun; Lau, Kah Chun Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cp50500f	journal	January 2013
Novel weakly coordinating heterocyclic anions for use in lithium batteries Armand, Michel; Johansson, Patrik Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 178, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.08.062	journal	April 2008
Status of the secondary lithium electrode Koch, V. R. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7753(81)80040-7	journal	January 1981
Review of selected electrode–solution interactions which determine the performance of Li and Li ion batteries Aurbach, Doron Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 89, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00431-6	journal	August 2000
Accelerating Electrolyte Discovery for Energy Storage with High-Throughput Screening Cheng, Lei; Assary, Rajeev S.; Qu, Xiaohui The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz502319n	journal	January 2015
Rechargeable Li//Br battery: a promising platform for post lithium ion batteries Chang, Zheng; Wang, Xujiong; Yang, Yaqiong J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 2, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA04419C	journal	January 2014
Reactions and SEI Formation during Charging of Li-O2 Cells Hojberg, J.; Knudsen, K. B.; Hjelm, J. ECS Electrochemistry Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0051507eel	journal	January 2015
Novel Hückel stabilised azole ring-based lithium salts studied by ab initio Gaussian-3 theory Johansson, Patrik; Nilsson, Henrik; Jacobsson, Per Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., Vol. 6, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/B313684A	journal	January 2004
Electrical Energy Storage for the Grid: A Battery of Choices Dunn, B.; Kamath, H.; Tarascon, J. -M. Science, Vol. 334, Issue 6058 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1212741	journal	November 2011
Preparation of Pure LiPF ₆ Using Fluorine Gas at Room Temperature Kim, Jae-Ho; Umeda, Hayato; Ohe, Meguru Chemistry Letters, Vol. 40, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1246/cl.2011.360	journal	April 2011
Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries Xu, Kang Chemical Reviews, Vol. 104, Issue 10, p. 4303-4418 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr030203g	journal	October 2004
Thermal Stability of 18650 Size Li-Ion Cells Containing LiBOB Electrolyte Salt Jiang, Junwei; Fortier, Hubert; Reimers, J. N. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 151, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1667520	journal	January 2004
Smaller Sulfur Molecules Promise Better Lithium–Sulfur Batteries Xin, Sen; Gu, Lin; Zhao, Na-Hong Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 134, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja308170k	journal	October 2012
Anionic Effects on Solvate Ionic Liquid Electrolytes in Rechargeable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries Ueno, Kazuhide; Park, Jun-Woo; Yamazaki, Azusa The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 117, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp407158y	journal	September 2013
Suppression of dendritic lithium formation by using concentrated electrolyte solutions Jeong, Soon-Ki; Seo, Hee-Young; Kim, Dong-Hak Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2008.02.006	journal	April 2008
Anions of low Lewis basicity for ionic solid state electrolytes Linert, Wolfgang; Camard, Aurore; Armand, Michel Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Vol. 226, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-8545(01)00416-7	journal	March 2002
DFT+U Study of Polaronic Conduction in Li ₂ O ₂ and Li ₂ CO ₃ : Implications for Li–Air Batteries Garcia-Lastra, J. M.; Myrdal, J. S. G.; Christensen, R. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 117, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp3107809	journal	March 2013
Progress in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: The Effective Role of a Polysulfide-Added Electrolyte as Buffer to Prevent Cathode Dissolution Lee, Dong-Ju; Agostini, Marco; Park, Ju-Won ChemSusChem, Vol. 6, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201300313	journal	August 2013
Solvating additives drive solution-mediated electrochemistry and enhance toroid growth in non-aqueous Li–O2 batteries Aetukuri, Nagaphani B.; McCloskey, Bryan D.; García, Jeannette M. Nature Chemistry, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2132	journal	December 2014
Novel room temperature molten salt electrolyte based on LiTFSI and acetamide for lithium batteries Hu, Y. Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2003.10.009	journal	January 2004
844. The structural chemistry of complex fluorides of general formula AIBVF6 Kemmitt, R. D. W.; Russell, D. R.; Sharp, D. W. A. Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9630004408	journal	January 1963
LiBOB and Its Derivatives: Weakly Coordinating Anions, and the Exceptional Conductivity of Their Nonaqueous Solutions [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 4, E1 (2001)] Xu, W.; Angell, C. A. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1347858	journal	January 2001
Studies of Lithium Intercalation into Carbons Using Nonaqueous Electrochemical Cells Fong, Rosamaría Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 137, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2086855	journal	January 1990
Polysulfide dissolution control: the common ion effect Shin, Eon Sung; Kim, Keon; Oh, Si Hyoung Chem. Commun., Vol. 49, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1039/C2CC36986A	journal	January 2013
Benzimidazole and imidazole lithium salts for battery electrolytes Scheers, Johan; Johansson, Patrik; Szczeciński, Przemysław Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 195, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.12.052	journal	September 2010
Influence of Lithium Salts on the Discharge Chemistry of Li–Air Cells Veith, Gabriel M.; Nanda, Jagjit; Delmau, Laetitia H. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz300430s	journal	April 2012
The stability of organic solvents and carbon electrode in nonaqueous Li-O2 batteries Xu, Wu; Hu, Jianzhi; Engelhard, Mark H. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 215 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.05.021	journal	October 2012
Electrochemical behavior and passivation of current collectors in lithium-ion batteries Myung, Seung-Taek; Hitoshi, Yashiro; Sun, Yang-Kook Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 21, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1039/c0jm04353b	journal	January 2011
Glyme−Lithium Salt Phase Behavior Henderson, Wesley A. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 110, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp061516t	journal	July 2006
Modern battery electrolytes: Ion–ion interactions in Li+/Na+ conductors from DFT calculations Jónsson, Erlendur; Johansson, Patrik Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2cp40612h	journal	January 2012
Nonaqueous Lithium Battery Electrolytes Based on Bis(polyfluorodiolato)borates Nolan, Benjamin G.; Strauss, Steven H. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 150, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1627356	journal	January 2003
Li dendrite growth and Li+ ionic mass transfer phenomenon Nishikawa, Kei; Mori, Takeshi; Nishida, Tetsuo Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 661, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2011.06.035	journal	October 2011
Initial stages of thermal decomposition of LiPF6-based lithium ion battery electrolytes by detailed Raman and NMR spectroscopy Wilken, Susanne; Treskow, Marcel; Scheers, Johan RSC Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra42611d	journal	January 2013
LiPF[sub 3](CF[sub 2]CF[sub 3])[sub 3]: A Salt for Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries Gnanaraj, J. S.; Levi, M. D.; Gofer, Y. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 150, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1557965	journal	January 2003
Solvent effects on the reactivities of organometallic compounds Gutmann, Viktor Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Vol. 18, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-8545(00)82045-7	journal	February 1976
Corrosion of aluminum at high voltages in non-aqueous electrolytes containing perfluoroalkylsulfonyl imides; new lithium salts for lithium-ion cells Krause, Larry J.; Lamanna, William; Summerfield, John Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 68, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(97)02517-2	journal	October 1997
Electrolytes for Li-ion transport – Review Marcinek, M.; Syzdek, J.; Marczewski, M. Solid State Ionics, Vol. 276 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2015.02.006	journal	August 2015
Surface Characterization of the Carbon Cathode and the Lithium Anode of Li–O ₂ Batteries Using LiClO ₄ or LiBOB Salts Younesi, Reza; Hahlin, Maria; Edström, Kristina ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/am3026129	journal	February 2013
An unique lithium salt for the improved electrolyte of Li-ion battery Shui Zhang, Sheng Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2006.06.016	journal	September 2006
The Effect of Ethylene Carbonate and Salt Concentration on the Conductivity of Propylene Carbonate∣Lithium Perchlorate Electrolytes Chen, H. P.; Fergus, J. W.; Jang, B. Z. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 147, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1393209	journal	January 2000
Thin-film rechargeable lithium batteries Bates, J. B.; Dudney, N. J.; Lubben, D. C. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 54, Issue 1, p. 58-62 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7753(94)02040-A	journal	March 1995
Enhanced Cycling Performance of Li-O ₂ Batteries by the Optimized Electrolyte Concentration of LiTFSA in Glymes Li, Fujun; Zhang, Tao; Yamada, Yuki Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201200776	journal	December 2012
Non-corrosive electrolyte compositions containing perfluoroalkylsulfonyl imides for high power Li-ion batteries Di Censo, Davide; Exnar, Ivan; Graetzel, Michael Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2005.07.005	journal	October 2005
Surface reactions and performance of non-aqueous electrolytes with lithium metal anodes Yang, Li; Smith, Carl; Patrissi, Charles Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 185, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.09.037	journal	December 2008
Investigation of the Decomposition Mechanism of Lithium Bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) Salt in the Electrolyte of an Aprotic Li-O ₂ Battery Lau, Kah Chun; Lu, Jun; Low, John Energy Technology, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201300164	journal	March 2014
An Advanced Tool for the Selection of Electrolyte Components for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries Peled, E. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 145, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1838831	journal	January 1998
Ionic liquids and oligomer electrolytes based on the B(CN)4− anion; ion association, physical and electrochemical properties Scheers, Johan; Pitawala, Jagath; Thebault, Frederic Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1039/c1cp21062a	journal	January 2011
Reactivity of Electrolytes for Lithium-Oxygen Batteries with Li2O2 Chalasani, D.; Lucht, B. L. ECS Electrochemistry Letters, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.010202eel	journal	January 2012
Six-Membered-Ring Malonatoborate-Based Lithium Salts as Electrolytes for Lithium Ion Batteries Yang, Li; Zhang, Hanjun; Driscoll, Peter F. 218th ECS Meeting, ECS Transactions https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3589921	conference	January 2011
Mechanical Deformation of a Lithium-Metal Anode Due to a Very Stiff Separator Ferrese, Anthony; Newman, John Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 161, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0911409jes	journal	January 2014
Li–O ₂ Battery Degradation by Lithium Peroxide (Li ₂ O ₂ ): A Model Study Younesi, Reza; Hahlin, Maria; Björefors, Fredrik Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/cm303226g	journal	December 2012
Ether-Based Electrolytes for the Lithium/Oxygen Organic Electrolyte Battery Read, J. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 153, Issue 1, p. A96-A100 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2131827	journal	January 2006
An Electrochemical Study of the Reactivity at the Lithium Electrolyte/Bare Lithium Metal Interface Odziemkowski, M. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 140, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2221600	journal	January 1993
Li–O₂ and Li–S batteries with high energy storage Bruce, Peter G.; Freunberger, Stefan A.; Hardwick, Laurence J. Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 1, p. 19-29 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3191	journal	January 2012
The influence of lithium salt on the interfacial reactions controlling the thermal stability of graphite anodes Andersson, A. M.; Herstedt, M.; Bishop, A. G. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 47, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(02)00044-0	journal	May 2002
Laminated Thin Li-Ion Batteries Using a Liquid Electrolyte Takami, Norio; Ohsaki, Takahisa; Hasebe, Hiroyuki Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 149, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1420704	journal	January 2002
Effects of Liquid Electrolytes on the Charge–Discharge Performance of Rechargeable Lithium/Sulfur Batteries: Electrochemical and in-Situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopic Studies Gao, Jie; Lowe, Michael A.; Kiya, Yasuyuki The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 115, Issue 50, p. 25132-25137 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp207714c	journal	October 2011
Investigations on novel electrolytes, solvents and SEI additives for use in lithium-ion batteries: Systematic electrochemical characterization and detailed analysis by spectroscopic methods Schmitz, Raphael W.; Murmann, Patrick; Schmitz, René Progress in Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 42, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2014.04.003	journal	December 2014
Effects of Nonaqueous Electrolytes on the Performance of Lithium/Air Batteries Xu, Wu; Xiao, Jie; Wang, Deyu Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 157, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3269928	journal	January 2010
Diffusion Coefficients from ¹³ C PGSE NMR Measurements—Fluorine-Free Ionic Liquids with the DCTA ^– Anion Herriot, Cristelle; Khatun, Sufia; Fox, Eric T. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz201700n	journal	January 2012
The electrochemistry of noble metal electrodes in aprotic organic solvents containing lithium salts Aurbach, D.; Daroux, M.; Faguy, P. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, Vol. 297, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(91)85370-5	journal	January 1991
Chemical Composition and Morphology of the Elevated Temperature SEI on Graphite Andersson, A. M.; Edström, K. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 148, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1397771	journal	January 2001
Electrochemical oxidation stability of anions for modern battery electrolytes: a CBS and DFT study Jónsson, Erlendur; Johansson, Patrik Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04592K	journal	January 2015
Effects of Electrolyte Salts on the Performance of Li–O ₂ Batteries Nasybulin, Eduard; Xu, Wu; Engelhard, Mark H. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 117, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp311114u	journal	February 2013
A Critical Review of Li∕Air Batteries Christensen, Jake; Albertus, Paul; Sanchez-Carrera, Roel S. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 159, Issue 2, p. R1-R30 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.086202jes	journal	January 2012
Blends of lithium bis(oxalato)borate and lithium tetrafluoroborate: Useful substitutes for lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate in electrolytes for lithium metal based secondary batteries? Schedlbauer, T.; Rodehorst, U. C.; Schreiner, C. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 107 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.05.130	journal	September 2013
Li[B(OCH ₂ CF ₃ ) ₄ ]: Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochemical Application as a Conducting Salt for LiSB Batteries Rohde, Michael; Eiden, Philipp; Leppert, Verena ChemPhysChem, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201402680	journal	December 2014
Sulfone-Based Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Xu, Kang; Angell, C. Austen Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 149, Issue 7, p. A920-A926 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1483866	journal	January 2002
Anions for Lithium Battery Electrolytes: A Spectroscopic and Theoretical Study of the B(CN)[sub 4][sup −] Anion of the Ionic Liquid C[sub 2[sup mim]][B(CN)[sub 4]] Scheers, Johan; Johansson, Patrik; Jacobsson, Per Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 155, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2943214	journal	January 2008
Organic electrolytes for lithium cells Herr, Rudolf Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 35, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(90)90059-9	journal	August 1990
Studies on the effects of coated Li2CO3 on lithium electrode Chung, Kwang-il; Lee, Jung-Do; Kim, Eui-Jung Microchemical Journal, Vol. 75, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0026-265X(03)00026-2	journal	September 2003
Development and costs calculation of lithium–sulfur cells with high sulfur load and binder free electrodes Hagen, M.; Dörfler, S.; Fanz, P. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 224 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.10.004	journal	February 2013
Investigations on the electrochemical performance and thermal stability of two new lithium electrolyte salts in comparison to LiPF6 Murmann, Patrick; Niehoff, Philip; Schmitz, René Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 114 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.09.155	journal	December 2013
A critical review on lithium–air battery electrolytes Balaish, Moran; Kraytsberg, Alexander; Ein-Eli, Yair Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cp54165g	journal	January 2014
The SEI layer formed on lithium metal in the presence of oxygen: A seldom considered component in the development of the Li–O2 battery Younesi, Reza; Hahlin, Maria; Roberts, Matthew Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 225 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.10.011	journal	March 2013
Critical aspects in the development of lithium–air batteries Garcia-Araez, Nuria; Novák, Petr Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, Vol. 17, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-013-1999-1	journal	January 2013
Increased Cycling Efficiency of Lithium Anodes in Dimethyl Sulfoxide Electrolytes For Use in Li-O2 Batteries Roberts, M.; Younesi, R.; Richardson, W. ECS Electrochemistry Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.007406eel	journal	January 2014
Novel approach for a high-energy-density Li–air battery: tri-dimensional growth of Li2O2 crystals tailored by electrolyte Li+ ion concentrations Liu, Yang; Suo, Liumin; Lin, Huan Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 2, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ta00834k	journal	January 2014
Li–S batteries: simple approaches for superior performance Demir-Cakan, Rezan; Morcrette, Mathieu Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ee23411d	journal	January 2012
Syntheses of novel delocalized cations and fluorinated anions, new fluorinated solvents and additives for lithium ion batteries Böttcher, T.; Duda, B.; Kalinovich, N. Progress in Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 42, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2014.04.013	journal	December 2014
Lithium Methyl Carbonate as a Reaction Product of Metallic Lithium and Dimethyl Carbonate Zhuang, G. V.; Yang, H.; Ross, P. N. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2142157	journal	February 2006
Conductivity of electrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries Dudley, J. T.; Wilkinson, D. P.; Thomas, G. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 35, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7753(91)80004-H	journal	June 1991
Communication: The influence of CO ₂ poisoning on overvoltages and discharge capacity in non-aqueous Li-Air batteries Mekonnen, Yedilfana S.; Knudsen, Kristian B.; Mýrdal, Jon S. G. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 140, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4869212	journal	March 2014
Decomposition of LiPF[sub 6] and Stability of PF[sub 5] in Li-Ion Battery Electrolytes Tasaki, Ken; Kanda, Katsuya; Nakamura, Shinichiro Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 150, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1622406	journal	January 2003
A Study of Lithium Deposition-Dissolution Processes in a Few Selected Electrolyte Solutions by Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Aurbach, D. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 145, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1838692	journal	January 1998
Novel positive electrode architecture for rechargeable lithium/sulfur batteries Barchasz, Céline; Mesguich, Frédéric; Dijon, Jean Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 211 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.03.062	journal	August 2012
Challenges and Prospects of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries Manthiram, Arumugam; Fu, Yongzhu; Su, Yu-Sheng Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 46, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/ar300179v	journal	June 2012
All fluorine-free lithium battery electrolytes Scheers, Johan; Lim, Du-Hyun; Kim, Jae-Kwang Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 251 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.11.042	journal	April 2014
Unusual Stability of Acetonitrile-Based Superconcentrated Electrolytes for Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries Yamada, Yuki; Furukawa, Keizo; Sodeyama, Keitaro Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 136, Issue 13, p. 5039-5046 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja412807w	journal	March 2014
High energy density lithium cells Besenhard, J. O.; Eichinger, G. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, Vol. 68, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(76)80298-7	journal	February 1976
Perfluoroalkyl-Fluorophosphate Anions for High Voltage Electrolytes in Lithium Cells: DFT Study Carboni, Marco; Spezia, Riccardo; Brutti, Sergio The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 118, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp505624h	journal	October 2014
Novel Lithium Imides; Effects of -F, -CF3, and -C≡N Substituents on Lithium Battery Salt Stability and Dissociation Scheers, Johan; JÓNsson, Erlendur; Jacobsson, Per Electrochemistry, Vol. 80, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5796/electrochemistry.80.18	journal	January 2012
Oxygen Reactions in a Non-Aqueous Li⁺ Electrolyte Peng, Zhangquan; Freunberger, Stefan A.; Hardwick, Laurence J. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 50, Issue 28, p. 6351-6355 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201100879	journal	May 2011
Electrochemical Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Salts for Electrochemical Capacitors Ue, Makoto Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 144, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1837882	journal	January 1997
Study of LiBF[sub 4] as an Electrolyte Salt for a Li-Ion Battery Zhang, S. S.; Xu, K.; Jow, T. R. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 149, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1466857	journal	January 2002
Synergistic Effect of Oxygen and LiNO ₃ on the Interfacial Stability of Lithium Metal in a Li/O ₂ Battery Giordani, Vincent; Walker, Wesley; Bryantsev, Vyacheslav S. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 160, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.097309jes	journal	January 2013
Bulk-Sensitive Characterization of the Discharged Products in Li–O ₂ Batteries by Nonresonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering Karan, Naba K.; Balasubramanian, Mahalingam; Fister, Timothy T. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 116, Issue 34 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp306298e	journal	August 2012
Nonaqueous Li–Air Batteries: A Status Report Luntz, Alan C.; McCloskey, Bryan D. Chemical Reviews, Vol. 114, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500054y	journal	October 2014
New covalent salts of the 4+V class for Li batteries Niedzicki, Leszek; Grugeon, Sylvie; Laruelle, Stéphane Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 196, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.06.030	journal	October 2011
A Rechargeable Li–O ₂ Battery Using a Lithium Nitrate/ N , N -Dimethylacetamide Electrolyte Walker, Wesley; Giordani, Vincent; Uddin, Jasim Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 135, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja311518s	journal	January 2013
Synthesis, properties, and reactions of bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl) imide, (CF3SO2)2NH Foropoulos, Jerry; DesMarteau, Darryl D. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 23, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00191a011	journal	November 1984
Measurement of Concentration Profiles during Electrodeposition of Li Metal from LiPF[sub 6]-PC Electrolyte Solution Nishikawa, K.; Fukunaka, Y.; Sakka, T. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2767404	journal	January 2007
Role of the Lithium Salt in the Performance of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries: A Comparative Study Elia, Giuseppe Antonio; Park, Jin-Bum; Sun, Yang-Kook ChemElectroChem, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201300160	journal	January 2014
Microelectrode Diagnostics of Lithium-Air Batteries Gunasekara, Iromie; Mukerjee, Sanjeev; Plichta, Edward J. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 161, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.073403jes	journal	December 2013
Bis(fluoromalonato)borate (BFMB) anion based ionic liquid as an additive for lithium-ion battery electrolytes Sun, Xiao-Guang; Liao, Chen; Baggetto, Loïc J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 2, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1039/C3TA14943A	journal	January 2014
Electronic structure calculations on lithium battery electrolyte salts Johansson, Patrik Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., Vol. 9, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1039/B612297C	journal	January 2007
The Impact of Elastic Deformation on Deposition Kinetics at Lithium/Polymer Interfaces Monroe, Charles; Newman, John Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 152, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1850854	journal	January 2005
Capillary based Li–air batteries for in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction studies Storm, Mie Møller; Johnsen, Rune E.; Younesi, Reza Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA04291C	journal	January 2015
Electrolytes and Interphases in Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond Xu, Kang Chemical Reviews, Vol. 114, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500003w	journal	October 2014
Electrochemical properties of Li[CnF2n+1BF3] as electrolyte salts for lithium-ion cells Ue, Makoto; Fujii, Takashi; Zhou, Zhi-Bin Solid State Ionics, Vol. 177, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2005.10.023	journal	January 2006
Lithium metal anodes for rechargeable batteries Xu, Wu; Wang, Jiulin; Ding, Fei Energy Environ. Sci., Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C3EE40795K	journal	January 2014
Intrinsic Anion Oxidation Potentials Johansson, Patrik The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 110, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0653297	journal	November 2006
Lithium nitrate and lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate ammoniates for electrolytes in lithium batteries Fahys, B.; Herlem, M. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 34, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7753(91)85038-X	journal	March 1991
The role of transition metal interfaces on the electronic transport in lithium–air batteries Chen, Jingzhe; Hummelshøj, Jens S.; Thygesen, Kristian S. Catalysis Today, Vol. 165, Issue 1, p. 2-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2010.12.022	journal	May 2011
Combining Accurate O ₂ and Li ₂ O ₂ Assays to Separate Discharge and Charge Stability Limitations in Nonaqueous Li–O ₂ Batteries McCloskey, Bryan D.; Valery, Alexia; Luntz, Alan C. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz401659f	journal	August 2013
Quantitative Chromatographic Determination of Dissolved Elemental Sulfur in the Non-Aqueous Electrolyte for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Zheng, Dong; Zhang, Xuran; Li, Chao Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 162, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1011501jes	journal	November 2014
The cathode–electrolyte interface in the Li-ion battery Edström, K.; Gustafsson, T.; Thomas, J. O. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 50, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2004.03.049	journal	November 2004
Characterisation of the ambient and elevated temperature performance of a graphite electrode Andersson, Anna M.; Edström, Kristina; Thomas, John O. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 81-82 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00185-8	journal	September 1999
Addition of a thin-film inorganic solid electrolyte (Lipon) as a protective film in lithium batteries with a liquid electrolyte Dudney, Nancy J. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 89, Issue 2, p. 176-179 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00427-4	journal	August 2000
An aqueous rechargeable lithium battery of high energy density based on coated Li metal and LiCoO2 Wang, Xujiong; Qu, Qunting; Hou, Yuyang Chemical Communications, Vol. 49, Issue 55 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cc42676a	journal	January 2013
Comparative thermal stability of carbon intercalation anodes and lithium metal anodes for rechargeable lithium batteries Vonsacken, U.; Nodwell, E.; Sundler, A. Solid State Ionics, Vol. 69, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(94)90417-0	journal	August 1994
A short review of failure mechanisms of lithium metal and lithiated graphite anodes in liquid electrolyte solutions Aurbach, D. Solid State Ionics, Vol. 148, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00080-2	journal	June 2002
Results from a Novel Method for Corrosion Studies of Electroplated Lithium Metal Based on Measurements with an Impedance Scanning Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Schedlbauer, Tanja; Hoffmann, Björn; Krüger, Steffen Energies, Vol. 6, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.3390/en6073481	journal	July 2013
The Cathode Surface Composition of a Cycled Li–O ₂ Battery: A Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study Younesi, Reza; Urbonaite, Sigita; Edström, Kristina The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 116, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp302168h	journal	September 2012
On the Challenge of Electrolyte Solutions for Li–Air Batteries: Monitoring Oxygen Reduction and Related Reactions in Polyether Solutions by Spectroscopy and EQCM Sharon, Daniel; Etacheri, Vinodkumar; Garsuch, Arnd The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz3017842	journal	December 2012
Lithium Cycling Performance in Improved Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate/2-Methyl Tetrahydrofuran Electrolytes Desjardins, C. D. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 132, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2113881	journal	January 1985
Electrochemistry and the Future of the Automobile Wagner, Frederick T.; Lakshmanan, Balasubramanian; Mathias, Mark F. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 1, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz100553m	journal	June 2010
Electrochemical Lithium Intercalation within Carbonaceous Materials: Intercalation Processes, Surface Film Formation, and Lithium Diffusion Ogumi, Zempachi; Inaba, Minoru Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, Vol. 71, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.71.521	journal	March 1998
Tetracyanoborate Salts M[B(CN) ₄ ] with M = Singly Charged Cations: Properties and Structures Küppers, Torsten; Bernhardt, Eduard; Willner, Helge Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 44, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic048780q	journal	February 2005
The Surface Film Formed on a Lithium Metal Electrode in a New Imide Electrolyte, Lithium Bis(perfluoroethylsulfonylimide) [LiN(C[sub 2]F[sub 5]SO[sub 2])[sub 2]] Naoi, Katsuhiko Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 146, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1391629	journal	January 1999
Noncoordinating Anions—Fact or Fiction? A Survey of Likely Candidates Krossing, Ingo; Raabe, Ines Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 43, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200300620	journal	April 2004
A New Look at the Stability of Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Acetonitrile in Li-O2 Batteries Younesi, R.; Norby, P.; Vegge, T. ECS Electrochemistry Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.001403eel	journal	January 2014
Evaluation of Sulfur and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composite Synthesized by Dissolution and Precipitation for Li/S Batteries Park, J. S.; Kim, D. J.; Park, J. W. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Vol. 12, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2012.6316	journal	July 2012
The Effect of Water on the Discharge Capacity of a Non-Catalyzed Carbon Cathode for Li-O2 Batteries Meini, Stefano; Piana, Michele; Tsiouvaras, Nikolaos Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.005204esl	journal	January 2012
Electrochemical behaviors of a Li3N modified Li metal electrode in secondary lithium batteries Wu, Meifen; Wen, Zhaoyin; Liu, Yu Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 196, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.05.035	journal	October 2011
Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) as conducting salt for nonaqueous liquid electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries: Physicochemical and electrochemical properties Han, Hong-Bo; Zhou, Si-Si; Zhang, Dai-Jun Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 196, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.12.040	journal	April 2011
Lithium fluoroalkylphosphates: a new class of conducting salts for electrolytes for high energy lithium-ion batteries Schmidt, M.; Heider, U.; Kuehner, A. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 97-98 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00640-1	journal	July 2001
Highly Conductive PEO-like Polymer Electrolytes Abraham, K. M.; Jiang, Z.; Carroll, B. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/cm970075a	journal	September 1997
Mixed solvent electrolytes containing fluorinated carboxylic acid esters to improve the thermal stability of lithium metal anode cells Sato, K. Solid State Ionics, Vol. 148, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00088-7	journal	June 2002
The role of anions, solvent molecules and solvated electrons in layer formation processes on anode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries Rahner, D. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 81-82 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(98)00218-3	journal	September 1999
LiBOB as Salt for Lithium-Ion Batteries:A Possible Solution for High Temperature Operation Xu, Kang; Zhang, Shengshui; Jow, T. Richard Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1426042	journal	January 2002
Nonaqueous Batteries with LiClO[sub 4]-Ethylene Carbonate as Electrolyte Pistoia, Gianfranco Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 118, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2407934	journal	January 1971
The Influence of Catalysts on Discharge and Charge Voltages of Rechargeable Li–Oxygen Batteries Lu, Yi-Chun; Gasteiger, Hubert A.; Parent, Michael C. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 6, p. A69-A72 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3363047	journal	January 2010
Advances in Li–S batteries Ji, Xiulei; Nazar, Linda F. Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 20, Issue 44, p. 9821-9826 https://doi.org/10.1039/b925751a	journal	January 2010
Metallic anodes for next generation secondary batteries Kim, Hansu; Jeong, Goojin; Kim, Young-Ugk Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 42, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cs60177c	journal	January 2013
Dendrite-Free Lithium Deposition via Self-Healing Electrostatic Shield Mechanism Ding, Fei; Xu, Wu; Graff, Gordon L. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 135, Issue 11, p. 4450-4456 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja312241y	journal	March 2013
Design of composite polymer electrolytes for Li ion batteries based on mechanical stability criteria Kalnaus, Sergiy; Sabau, Adrian S.; Tenhaeff, Wyatt E. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 201 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.11.020	journal	March 2012
An Electrochemical Study of the Reactivity at the Lithium Electrolyte/Bare Lithium Metal Interface Odziemkowski, M. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 139, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2069033	journal	January 1992
Limitations in Rechargeability of Li-O ₂ Batteries and Possible Origins McCloskey, B. D.; Bethune, D. S.; Shelby, R. M. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz301359t	journal	September 2012
Lithium–oxygen batteries: bridging mechanistic understanding and battery performance Lu, Yi-Chun; Gallant, Betar M.; Kwabi, David G. Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 6, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee23966g	journal	January 2013
Li−Air Rechargeable Battery Based on Metal-free Graphene Nanosheet Catalysts Yoo, Eunjoo; Zhou, Haoshen ACS Nano, Vol. 5, Issue 4, p. 3020-3026 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn200084u	journal	April 2011
Lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate: A promising salt for lithium metal based secondary batteries? Schedlbauer, T.; Krüger, S.; Schmitz, R. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 92 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.01.023	journal	March 2013
Binary electrolyte based on tetra(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether and 1,3-dioxolane for lithium–sulfur battery Chang, Duck-Rye; Lee, Suck-Hyun; Kim, Sun-Wook Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 112, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00418-4	journal	November 2002
Revisiting TEGDME/DIOX Binary Electrolytes for Lithium/Sulfur Batteries: Importance of Solvation Ability and Additives Barchasz, Céline; Leprêtre, Jean-Claude; Patoux, Sébastien Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 160, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.022303jes	journal	January 2013
Electrochemical Properties of Binary Electrolytes for Lithium-sulfur Batteries Kim, Hyung-Sun; Jeong, Chang-Sik Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, Vol. 32, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.10.3682	journal	October 2011
A new class of Solvent-in-Salt electrolyte for high-energy rechargeable metallic lithium batteries Suo, Liumin; Hu, Yong-Sheng; Li, Hong Nature Communications, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2513	journal	February 2013
An aqueous rechargeable lithium battery of excellent rate capability based on a nanocomposite of MoO3 coated with PPy and LiMn2O4 Tang, Wei; Liu, Lili; Zhu, Yusong Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 5, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ee21294c	journal	January 2012
A review of electrolytes for lithium–sulphur batteries Scheers, Johan; Fantini, Sébastien; Johansson, Patrik Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 255 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.01.023	journal	June 2014
Decomposition Reaction of Lithium Bis(oxalato)borate in the Rechargeable Lithium-Oxygen Cell Hyoung Oh, Si; Yim, Taeeun; Pomerantseva, Ekaterina Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.003112esl	journal	January 2011
Chemical Reactivity of PF[sub 5] and LiPF[sub 6] in Ethylene Carbonate/Dimethyl Carbonate Solutions Sloop, S. E.; Pugh, J. K.; Wang, S. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1353158	journal	January 2001
Pt/α-MnO 2 nanotube: A highly active electrocatalyst for Li–O 2 battery Liu, Jia; Younesi, Reza; Gustafsson, Torbjörn Nano Energy, Vol. 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.08.022	journal	November 2014
Electrolyte-Directed Reactions of the Oxygen Electrode in Lithium-Air Batteries Abraham, K. M. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 162, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0041502jes	journal	December 2014
Lithium-Ion Conducting Electrolyte Salts for Lithium Batteries Aravindan, Vanchiappan; Gnanaraj, Joe; Madhavi, Srinivasan Chemistry - A European Journal, Vol. 17, Issue 51 https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201101486	journal	November 2011
Effect of imidazolium cation on cycle life characteristics of secondary lithium–sulfur cells using liquid electrolytes Kim, Seok; Jung, Yongju; Park, Soo-Jin Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 52, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2006.08.028	journal	January 2007
High rate and stable cycling of lithium metal anode Qian, Jiangfeng; Henderson, Wesley A.; Xu, Wu Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7362	journal	February 2015
Laughing matter Francl, Michelle Nature Chemistry, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1827	journal	December 2013
Laughing Matter Gregory, Richard Perception, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1068/p130001	journal	February 1984
Intrinsic Anion Oxidation Potentials Johansson, Patrik The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 111, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp070202i	journal	January 2007

Cited By (54)

Development and Challenges of Functional Electrolytes for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Wang, Lili; Ye, Yusheng; Chen, Nan Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201800919	journal	July 2018
Structure-Property Relationships of Organic Electrolytes and Their Effects on Li/S Battery Performance Kaiser, Mohammad Rejaul; Chou, Shulei; Liu, Hua-Kun Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201700449	journal	June 2017
The Salt Matters: Enhanced Reversibility of Li-O 2 Batteries with a Li[(CF 3 SO 2 )( n -C 4 F 9 SO 2 )N]-Based Electrolyte Tong, Bo; Huang, Jun; Zhou, Zhibin Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201704841	journal	November 2017
Scavenging Materials to Stabilize LiPF ₆ ‐Containing Carbonate‐Based Electrolytes for Li‐Ion Batteries Han, Jung‐Gu; Kim, Koeun; Lee, Yongwon Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804822	journal	November 2018
A Novel Organic “Polyurea” Thin Film for Ultralong-Life Lithium-Metal Anodes via Molecular-Layer Deposition Sun, Yipeng; Zhao, Yang; Wang, Jiwei Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201806541	journal	December 2018
Fundamental Understanding and Material Challenges in Rechargeable Nonaqueous Li-O ₂ Batteries: Recent Progress and Perspective Ma, Lu; Yu, Tongwen; Tzoganakis, Evangelos Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201800348	journal	May 2018
Efficient Li‐Ion‐Conductive Layer for the Realization of Highly Stable High‐Voltage and High‐Capacity Lithium Metal Batteries Lee, Jung‐In; Shin, Myungsoo; Hong, Dongki Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201803722	journal	February 2019
Fluor und Lithium: Ideale Partner für Elektrolyte in wiederaufladbaren Hochleistungsbatterien Aspern, N.; Röschenthaler, G. ‐V.; Winter, M. Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201901381	journal	July 2019
Inverting the Triiodide Formation Reaction by the Synergy between Strong Electrolyte Solvation and Cathode Adsorption for Lithium–Oxygen Batteries Zhang, Xiao‐Ping; Li, Yan‐Ni; Sun, Yi‐Yang Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 51 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201910427	journal	November 2019
Achilles’ Heel of Lithium-Air Batteries: Lithium Carbonate Zhao, Zhiwei; Huang, Jun; Peng, Zhangquan Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 57, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201710156	journal	March 2018
Direct Observation and Suppression Effect of Lithium Dendrite Growth for Polyphosphazene Based Polymer Electrolytes in Lithium Metal Cells He, Xuan; Schmohl, Sebastian; Wiemhöfer, H. ‐D. ChemElectroChem, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201801383	journal	December 2018
Analysis of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Hard Carbon Electrodes in Sodium‐Ion Batteries Carboni, Marco; Manzi, Jessica; Armstrong, Antony Robert ChemElectroChem, Vol. 6, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201801621	journal	February 2019
Effect of salt concentration on dielectric properties of Li-ion conducting blend polymer electrolytes Arya, Anil; Sharma, A. L. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, Vol. 29, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-9905-3	journal	August 2018
Effect of variation of different nanofillers on structural, electrical, dielectric, and transport properties of blend polymer nanocomposites Arya, Anil; Sadiq, Mohd; Sharma, A. L. Ionics, Vol. 24, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2364-7	journal	December 2017
Cell Concepts of Metal–Sulfur Batteries (Metal = Li, Na, K, Mg): Strategies for Using Sulfur in Energy Storage Applications Medenbach, Lukas; Adelhelm, Philipp Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 375, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-017-0168-x	journal	September 2017
Energy and fuels from electrochemical interfaces Stamenkovic, Vojislav R.; Strmcnik, Dusan; Lopes, Pietro P. Nature Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4738	journal	December 2016
Cathode porosity is a missing key parameter to optimize lithium-sulfur battery energy density Kang, Ning; Lin, Yuxiao; Yang, Li Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12542-6	journal	October 2019
A new ether-based electrolyte for dendrite-free lithium-metal based rechargeable batteries Miao, Rongrong; Yang, Jun; Xu, Zhixin Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep21771	journal	February 2016
Structural, microstructural and electrochemical properties of dispersed-type polymer nanocomposite films Arya, Anil; Sharma, A. L. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 51, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa9f69	journal	January 2018
Phosphoric acid as a precursor to chemicals traditionally synthesized from white phosphorus Geeson, Michael B.; Cummins, Christopher C. Science, Vol. 359, Issue 6382 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar6620	journal	February 2018
Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Some Phosphonium-Based Ionic Liquids and the Performance of Their Electrolytes in Lithium-Ion Batteries Salem, Nuha; Zavorine, Serguei; Nucciarone, Donato Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0061708jes	journal	January 2017
Diffusivity and Solubility of Oxygen in Solvents for Metal/Oxygen Batteries: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study Schürmann, Adrian; Haas, Ronja; Murat, Michael Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0601813jes	journal	January 2018
Properties of Ion Complexes and Their Impact on Charge Transport in Organic Solvent-Based Electrolyte Solutions for Lithium Batteries: Insights from a Theoretical Perspective Smiatek, Jens; Heuer, Andreas; Winter, Martin Batteries, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries4040062	journal	December 2018
Building Better Batteries in the Solid State: A Review Mauger, Alain; Julien, Christian M.; Paolella, Andrea Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 23, p. 3892 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12233892	journal	November 2019
Current Status and Future Prospects of Metal–Sulfur Batteries Chung, Sheng‐Heng; Manthiram, Arumugam Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201901125	journal	May 2019
Recent Developments of the Lithium Metal Anode for Rechargeable Non-Aqueous Batteries Zhang, Kai; Lee, Gi-Hyeok; Park, Mihui Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201600811	journal	July 2016
Fluorine‐Free Noble Salt Anion for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Lithium–Sulfur Batteries Zhang, Heng; Judez, Xabier; Santiago, Alexander Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201900763	journal	May 2019
Fluorine and Lithium: Ideal Partners for High‐Performance Rechargeable Battery Electrolytes Aspern, N.; Röschenthaler, G. ‐V.; Winter, M. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201901381	journal	November 2019
Inverting the Triiodide Formation Reaction by the Synergy between Strong Electrolyte Solvation and Cathode Adsorption for Lithium–Oxygen Batteries Zhang, Xiao‐Ping; Li, Yan‐Ni; Sun, Yi‐Yang Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 51 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201910427	journal	November 2019
Enabling High Lithium Conductivity in Polymerized Ionic Liquid Block Copolymer Electrolytes Goujon, Nicolas; Huynh, Tan‐Vu; Barlow, Kristine j. Batteries & Supercaps https://doi.org/10.1002/batt.201800104	journal	December 2018
Improved Li-Metal Cycling Performance in High Concentrated Electrolytes for Li-O ₂ Batteries Pranay Reddy, K.; Fischer, Philipp; Marinaro, Mario ChemElectroChem, Vol. 5, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201800686	journal	July 2018
Iron-Based Electrodes Meet Water-Based Preparation, Fluorine-Free Electrolyte and Binder: A Chance for More Sustainable Lithium-Ion Batteries? Valvo, Mario; Liivat, Anti; Eriksson, Henrik ChemSusChem, Vol. 10, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201700070	journal	May 2017
The use of polymers in Li-S batteries: A review Dirlam, Philip T.; Glass, Richard S.; Char, Kookheon Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 55, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.28551	journal	March 2017
Investigation on enhancement of electrical, dielectric and ion transport properties of nanoclay-based blend polymer nanocomposites Arya, Anil; Sharma, A. L. Polymer Bulletin, Vol. 77, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-019-02893-x	journal	July 2019
Inorganic–organic layer by layer hybrid membranes for lithium–sulfur batteries Bucur, Claudiu B.; Jones, Michael; Kopylov, Mykhailo Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 10, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ee00398f	journal	January 2017
Dependency of the Charge–Discharge Rate on Lithium Reaction Distributions for a Commercial Lithium Coin Cell Visualized by Compton Scattering Imaging Suzuki, Kosuke; Kanai, Ryo; Tsuji, Naruki Condensed Matter, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat3030027	journal	September 2018
Current Li-Ion Battery Technologies in Electric Vehicles and Opportunities for Advancements Miao, Yu; Hynan, Patrick; von Jouanne, Annette Energies, Vol. 12, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.3390/en12061074	journal	March 2019
Research Progress towards Understanding the Unique Interfaces between Concentrated Electrolytes and Electrodes for Energy Storage Applications Zheng, Jianming; Lochala, Joshua A.; Kwok, Alexander Advanced Science, Vol. 4, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201700032	journal	March 2017
Ein Hybrid‐Anion für ionische Flüssigkeiten und Batterieelektrolytanwendungen: Halb Triflamid, halb Carbonat Gunderson‐Briggs, Kaitlyn E.; Rüther, Thomas; Best, Adam S. Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201813091	journal	February 2019
A Hybrid Anion for Ionic Liquid and Battery Electrolyte Applications: Half Triflamide, Half Carbonate Gunderson-Briggs, Kaitlyn E.; Rüther, Thomas; Best, Adam S. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201813091	journal	February 2019
Catching TFSI: A Computational–Experimental Approach to β‐Cyclodextrin‐Based Host–Guest Systems as electrolytes for Li‐Ion Batteries Jeschke, Steffen; Jankowski, Piotr; Best, Adam S. ChemSusChem, Vol. 11, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201800221	journal	March 2018
Determination of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase Structure Grown on a Silicon Electrode Using a Fluoroethylene Carbonate Additive Veith, Gabriel M.; Doucet, Mathieu; Sacci, Robert L. Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06555-8	journal	July 2017
Fluorine-donating electrolytes enable highly reversible 5-V-class Li metal batteries Suo, Liumin; Xue, Weijiang; Gobet, Mallory Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1712895115	journal	January 2018
Thermoelectric harvesters and the internet of things: technological and economic drivers Narducci, Dario Journal of Physics: Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ab0c3a	journal	January 2019
Finite-pulse waves for efficient suppression of evolving mesoscale dendrites in rechargeable batteries Aryanfar, Asghar; Hoffmann, Michael R.; Goddard, William A. Physical Review E, Vol. 100, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.100.042801	journal	October 2019
Mechanical and Electronic Stabilization of Solid Electrolyte Interphase with Sulfite Additive for Lithium Metal Batteries Xu, Jiagang; Tian, Hong-Kang; Qi, Ji Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0331914jes	journal	January 2019
Understanding the Reaction Chemistry during Charging in Aprotic Lithium–Oxygen Batteries: Existing Problems and Solutions Shu, Chaozhu; Wang, Jiazhao; Long, Jianping Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804587	journal	February 2019
Die Schöne (WCA) und das (kationische) Biest: Neues aus der Chemie von und mit schwach koordinierenden Anionen Riddlestone, Ian M.; Kraft, Anne; Schaefer, Julia Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 130, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201710782	journal	September 2018
Fluorinated Aryl Sulfonimide Tagged (FAST) salts: modular synthesis and structure–property relationships for battery applications Huang, Mingjun; Feng, Shuting; Zhang, Wenxu Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ee03509h	journal	January 2018
Annealing kinetics of electrodeposited lithium dendrites Aryanfar, Asghar; Cheng, Tao; Colussi, Agustin J. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 143, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4930014	journal	October 2015
Review of Electrolytes in Nonaqueous Lithium-Oxygen Batteries Guo, Haipeng; Luo, Wenbin; Chen, Jun Advanced Sustainable Systems, Vol. 2, Issue 8-9 https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.201700183	journal	March 2018
Recent Advances in Non-Aqueous Electrolyte for Rechargeable Li-O ₂ Batteries Li, Yang; Wang, Xiaogang; Dong, Shanmu Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201600751	journal	June 2016
A gamma fluorinated ether as an additive for enhanced oxygen activity in Li–O ₂ batteries Wijaya, Olivia; Hartmann, Pascal; Younesi, Reza Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 3, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ta03439f	journal	January 2015
Effect of Variation of Different Nano filler on Structural, Electrical, Dielectric and Transport Properties of Blend Polymer Nanocomposites Arya, Anil; Sadiq, Mohd; Sharma, A. L. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1807.03539	text	January 2018

Similar Records

Use of Ethylene Carbonate Free Ester Solvent Systems with Alternative Lithium Salts for Improved Low-Temperature Performance in NCM622∣∣ Graphite Li-ion Batteries

Journal Article · Thu Nov 03 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society · OSTI ID:1195810

Rodrigo, Nuwanthi D.; Jayawardana, Chamithri; Rynearson, Leah; +3 more

Chemical stability of Lithium 2-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dicyanoimidazolide, an electrolyte salt for Li-ion cells

Journal Article · Thu Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Journal of Physical Chemistry. C · OSTI ID:1195810

Shkrob, Ilya A.; Pupek, Krzysztof Z.; Gilbert, James A.; +2 more

Elementary Decomposition Mechanisms of Lithium Hexafluorophosphate in Battery Electrolytes and Interphases

Journal Article · Mon Dec 05 00:00:00 EST 2022 · ACS Energy Letters · OSTI ID:1195810

Spotte-Smith, Evan Walter Clark; Petrocelli, Thea Bee; Patel, Hetal D.; +2 more

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Title: Lithium salts for advanced lithium batteries: Li-metal, Li-O2, and Li-S

Citation Formats

References (180)

Cited By (54)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Title: Lithium salts for advanced lithium batteries: Li-metal, Li-O₂, and Li-S