skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Data encoding based on the shape of the ferroelectric domains produced by a scanning probe microscopy tip

Journal Article · · Nanoscale
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/C5NR02443A· OSTI ID:1185599
 [1];  [1]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Ferroelectric materials are broadly considered for information storage due to extremely high storage and information processing densities they enable. To date, ferroelectric based data storage has invariably relied on formation of cylindrical domains, allowing for binary information encoding. Here we demonstrate and explore the potential of high-density encoding based on domain morphology. We explore the domain morphogenesis during the tip-induced polarization switching by sequences of positive and negative pulses in a lithium niobate single-crystal and demonstrate the principal of information coding by shape and size of the domains. We applied cross-correlation and neural network approaches for recognition of the switching sequence by the shape of the resulting domains and establish optimal parameters for domain shape recognition. These studies both provide insight into the highly non-trivial mechanism of domain switching and potentially establish a new paradigm for multilevel information storage and content retrieval memories. Furthermore, this approach opens a pathway to exploration of domain switching mechanisms via shape analysis.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1185599
Journal Information:
Nanoscale, Vol. 7, Issue 25; ISSN 2040-3364
Publisher:
Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 11 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (37)

Integrated Optical Devices in Lithium Niobate journal January 2008
Tbit/inch2 ferroelectric data storage based on scanning nonlinear dielectric microscopy journal December 2002
Nanoscale control of ferroelectric polarization and domain size in epitaxial Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 thin films journal July 2001
Nanoscale Visualization and Control of Ferroelectric Domains by Atomic Force Microscopy journal May 1995
Local polarization dynamics in ferroelectric materials journal April 2010
Nanoscale ferroelectrics: processing, characterization and future trends journal July 2006
Dynamics of ferroelectric nanodomains in BaTiO 3 epitaxial thin films via piezoresponse force microscopy journal August 2008
Ferroelectric domain switching dynamics with combined 20 nm and 10 ns resolution journal October 2009
Anomalous polarization inversion in ferroelectrics via scanning force microscopy journal January 2007
Dynamics of ferroelectric domain growth in the field of atomic force microscope journal May 2006
Microscale to nanoscale ferroelectric domain and surface engineering of a near-stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystal journal January 2003
Domain reversal and relaxation in LiNbO3 single crystals studied by piezoresponse force microscope journal December 2006
High resolution study of domain nucleation and growth during polarization switching in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 ferroelectric thin film capacitors journal July 1999
Submicron ferroelectric domain structures tailored by high-voltage scanning probe microscopy journal January 2003
Thermal stability of LiTaO3 domains engineered by scanning force microscopy journal October 2006
Ferroelectric microdomains and microdomain arrays recorded in strontium–barium niobate crystals in the field of atomic force microscope journal August 2010
Domain growth kinetics in lithium niobate single crystals studied by piezoresponse force microscopy journal January 2005
Anomalous domain inversion in LiNbO 3 single crystals investigated by scanning probe microscopy journal September 2011
Growth evolution and decay properties of the abnormally switched domains in LiNbO3 crystals journal April 2008
Humidity effects on tip-induced polarization switching in lithium niobate journal March 2014
Ferroelectricity at the Nanoscale: Local Polarization in Oxide Thin Films and Heterostructures journal January 2004
Ferroelectric domain inversion: The role of humidity journal October 2006
Influence of adsorbed surface layer on domain growth in the field produced by conductive tip of scanning probe microscope in lithium niobate journal September 2011
Electric field effect in correlated oxide systems journal August 2003
Intermittency, quasiperiodicity and chaos in probe-induced ferroelectric domain switching journal November 2013
Polarization reversal due to charge injection in ferroelectric films journal December 2005
Wake-up effects in Si-doped hafnium oxide ferroelectric thin films journal November 2013
Increase in Switching Charge of Ferroelectric SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 Thin Films with Polarization Reversal journal September 2000
Ferroelectric domain triggers the charge modulation in semiconductors (invited) journal August 2014
The Energy and General Translation Force of Cylindrical Magnetic Domains journal March 1971
Magnetic bubbles—An emerging new memory technology journal January 1975
High-Symmetry Polarization Domains in Low-Symmetry Ferroelectrics journal November 2014
Principal component and spatial correlation analysis of spectroscopic-imaging data in scanning probe microscopy journal February 2009
Mapping chemical and bonding information using multivariate analysis of electron energy-loss spectrum images journal October 2006
Multivariate statistical methods for the analysis of microscope image series: applications in materials science journal April 1998
An Introduction to Neural Networks book January 1995
Learning representations by back-propagating errors journal October 1986

Cited By (3)

Non-conventional mechanism of ferroelectric fatigue via cation migration journal July 2019
Self-consistent theory of nanodomain formation on nonpolar surfaces of ferroelectrics journal April 2016
Big data and deep data in scanning and electron microscopies: deriving functionality from multidimensional data sets journal May 2015