The rotary zone thermal cycler: A low-power system enabling automated rapid PCR

Bartsch, Michael S.; Edwards, Harrison S.; Lee, Daniel; Moseley, Caroline E.; Tew, Karen E.; Renzi, Ronald F.; Van de Vreugde, James L.; Kim, Hanyoup; Knight, Daniel L.; Sinha, Anupama; Branda, Steven S.; Patel, Kamlesh D.; Wanunu, Meni

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118182

Title: The rotary zone thermal cycler: A low-power system enabling automated rapid PCR

Journal Article · Tue Mar 31 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · PLoS ONE

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118182· OSTI ID:1182998

Bartsch, Michael S. ^[1]; Edwards, Harrison S. ^[2]; Lee, Daniel ^[3]; Moseley, Caroline E. ^[1]; Tew, Karen E. ^[4]; Renzi, Ronald F. ^[1]; Van de Vreugde, James L. ^[1]; Kim, Hanyoup ^[5]; Knight, Daniel L. ^[6]; Sinha, Anupama ^[1]; Branda, Steven S. ^[1]; Patel, Kamlesh D. ^[1]; Wanunu, Meni ^[7]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Gas Transmission Systems, Walnut Creek, CA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); California State Univ., Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Utah State Univ., Logan, UT (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Canon U.S. Life Sciences, Rockville, MD (United States)
SequoiaTek Corp., Bakersfield, CA (United States)
Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA (United States)

In this study, advances in molecular biology, microfluidics, and laboratory automation continue to expand the accessibility and applicability of these methods beyond the confines of conventional, centralized laboratory facilities and into point of use roles in clinical, military, forensic, portable, and field-deployed applications. As a result, there is a growing need to adapt the unit operations of molecular biology such as aliquoting, centrifuging, mixing, and thermal cycling to compact, portable, low-power, and automation-ready formats. Here we present one such adaptation, the rotary zone thermal cycler (RZTC), a novel wheel-based device capable of cycling up to four different fixed-temperature blocks into contact with a stationary 4-microliter capillary-bound sample to realize 1-3 second transitions with steady state heater power of less than 10 W. We further demonstrate the utility of the RZTC for DNA amplification as part of a highly integrated rotary zone PCR (rzPCR) system using low-volume valves and syringe-based fluid handling to automate sample loading and unloading, thermal cycling, and between run cleaning functionalities in a compact, modular form factor. In addition to characterizing the performance of the RZTC and the efficacy of different online cleaning protocols, preliminary results are presented for rapid single-plex PCR, multiplex short tandem repeat (STR) amplification, and second strand cDNA synthesis.

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Research Organization:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, and Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: RRTO/USACIL; USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1182998

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1213408

Report Number(s):: SAND-2014-16371J; 534052

Journal Information:: PLoS ONE, Vol. 10, Issue 3; ISSN 1932-6203

Publisher:: Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 12 works

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Web of Science

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Extrinsic Fabry−Perot Interferometry for Noncontact Temperature Control of Nanoliter-Volume Enzymatic Reactions in Glass Microchips Easley, Christopher J.; Legendre, Lindsay A.; Roper, Michael G. Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 77, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac048693f	journal	February 2005
Thermal isolation of microchip reaction chambers for rapid non-contact DNA amplification Easley, Christopher J.; Humphrey, Joseph A. C.; Landers, James P. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, Vol. 17, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/17/9/002	journal	August 2007
A valveless microfluidic device for integrated solid phase extraction and polymerase chain reaction for short tandem repeat (STR) analysis Hagan, Kristin A.; Reedy, Carmen R.; Bienvenue, Joan M. The Analyst, Vol. 136, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/c0an00922a	journal	January 2011
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Application of an asymmetric helical tube reactor for fast identification of gene transcripts of pathogenic viruses by micro flow-through PCR Hartung, R.; Brösing, A.; Sczcepankiewicz, G. Biomedical Microdevices, Vol. 11, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-008-9280-6	journal	January 2009
Continuous-flow thermal gradient PCR Crews, Niel; Wittwer, Carl; Gale, Bruce Biomedical Microdevices, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-007-9124-9	journal	September 2007
Integrated continuous flow polymerase chain reaction and micro-capillary electrophoresis system with bioaffinity preconcentration Njoroge, Samuel K.; Witek, Magorzata A.; Battle, Katrina N. ELECTROPHORESIS, Vol. 32, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.201100274	journal	October 2011
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Thermocapillary actuation of liquid plugs using a heater array Jiao, Zhenjun; Nguyen, Nam-Trung; Huang, Xiaoyang Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, Vol. 140, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2007.06.025	journal	November 2007
Electrokinetically Synchronized Polymerase Chain Reaction Microchip Fabricated in Polycarbonate Chen, Jifeng; Wabuyele, Musundi; Chen, Hengwu Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 77, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac048758e	journal	January 2005
A Closed-Cycle Capillary Polymerase Chain Reaction Machine Chiou, Jeff; Matsudaira, Paul; Sonin, Ain Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 73, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac001227f	journal	May 2001
Performing microchannel temperature cycling reactions using reciprocating reagent shuttling along a radial temperature gradient Cheng, Ji-Yen; Hsieh, Chien-Ju; Chuang, Yung-Chuan The Analyst, Vol. 130, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1039/b501061f	journal	January 2005
Autonomous microfluidic multi-channel chip for real-time PCR with integrated liquid handling Frey, Olivier; Bonneick, Sonja; Hierlemann, Andreas Biomedical Microdevices, Vol. 9, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-007-9080-4	journal	May 2007
Circulating polymerase chain reaction chips utilizing multiple-membrane activation Wang, Chih-Hao; Chen, Yi-Yu; Liao, Chia-Sheng Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, Vol. 17, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/17/2/024	journal	January 2007
The rapid temperature transfer apparatus for E. coli K12 DNA segment amplification Chien, Chao-Heng; Yu, Hui-Min; Lin, Ming-Tse Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol. 141, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2008.01.039	journal	July 2008
Ultrafast Rotary PCR system for multiple influenza viral RNA detection Jung, Jae Hwan; Choi, Seok Jin; Park, Byung Hyun Lab on a Chip, Vol. 12, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2lc21269b	journal	January 2012
On-chip analysis of respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal samples Ritzi-Lehnert, Marion; Himmelreich, Ralf; Attig, Hans Biomedical Microdevices, Vol. 13, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-011-9552-4	journal	May 2011
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