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Title: Structural changes and thermal stability of charged LiNixMnyCozO2 cathode materials studied by combined in situ time-resolved XRD and mass spectroscopy

Abstract

Thermal stability of charged LiNixMnyCozO2 (NMC, with x + y + z = 1, x:y:z = 4:3:3 (NMC433), 5:3:2 (NMC532), 6:2:2 (NMC622), and 8:1:1 (NMC811)) cathode materials is systematically studied using combined in situ time- resolved X-ray diffraction and mass spectroscopy (TR-XRD/MS) techniques upon heating up to 600 °C. The TR-XRD/MS results indicate that the content of Ni, Co, and Mn significantly affects both the structural changes and the oxygen release features during heating: the more Ni and less Co and Mn, the lower the onset temperature of the phase transition (i.e., thermal decomposition) and the larger amount of oxygen release. Interestingly, the NMC532 seems to be the optimized composition to maintain a reasonably good thermal stability, comparable to the low-nickel-content materials (e.g., NMC333 and NMC433), while having a high capacity close to the high-nickel-content materials (e.g., NMC811 and NMC622). The origin of the thermal decomposition of NMC cathode materials was elucidated by the changes in the oxidation states of each transition metal (TM) cations (i.e., Ni, Co, and Mn) and their site preferences during thermal decomposition. It is revealed that Mn ions mainly occupy the 3a octahedral sites of a layered structure (R3¯m) but Co ions prefer to migratemore » to the 8a tetrahedral sites of a spinel structure (Fd3¯m) during the thermal decomposition. Such element-dependent cation migration plays a very important role in the thermal stability of NMC cathode materials. The reasonably good thermal stability and high capacity characteristics of the NMC532 composition is originated from the well-balanced ratio of nickel content to manganese and cobalt contents. As a result, this systematic study provides insight into the rational design of NMC-based cathode materials with a desired balance between thermal stability and high energy density.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [1];  [5]
  1. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  2. Johnson Control Advanced Power Solution, Milwaukee, WI (United States); North Carolina A&T State Univ., Greensboro, NC (United States)
  3. Yonsei Univ., Seoul (Republic of Korea)
  4. Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul (Republic of Korea)
  5. Dongguk Univ., Seoul (Republic of Korea)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)
OSTI Identifier:
1169557
Report Number(s):
BNL-107164-2014-JA
Journal ID: ISSN 1944-8244; VT1201000-05450-1005554
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-98CH10886; 2V03693
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 6; Journal Issue: 24; Journal ID: ISSN 1944-8244
Publisher:
American Chemical Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
25 ENERGY STORAGE; sodium-ion battery; cathode materials; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; transmission electron microscopy; NSLS; electrode material; energy storage; reaction mechanism

Citation Formats

Bak, Seong -Min, Hu, Enyuan, Zhou, Yongning, Yu, Xiqian, Senanayake, Sanjaya D., Cho, Sung -Jin, Kim, Kwang -Bum, Chung, Kyung Yoon, Yang, Xiao -Qing, and Nam, Kyung -Wan. Structural changes and thermal stability of charged LiNixMnyCozO2 cathode materials studied by combined in situ time-resolved XRD and mass spectroscopy. United States: N. p., 2014. Web. doi:10.1021/am506712c.
Bak, Seong -Min, Hu, Enyuan, Zhou, Yongning, Yu, Xiqian, Senanayake, Sanjaya D., Cho, Sung -Jin, Kim, Kwang -Bum, Chung, Kyung Yoon, Yang, Xiao -Qing, & Nam, Kyung -Wan. Structural changes and thermal stability of charged LiNixMnyCozO2 cathode materials studied by combined in situ time-resolved XRD and mass spectroscopy. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/am506712c
Bak, Seong -Min, Hu, Enyuan, Zhou, Yongning, Yu, Xiqian, Senanayake, Sanjaya D., Cho, Sung -Jin, Kim, Kwang -Bum, Chung, Kyung Yoon, Yang, Xiao -Qing, and Nam, Kyung -Wan. 2014. "Structural changes and thermal stability of charged LiNixMnyCozO2 cathode materials studied by combined in situ time-resolved XRD and mass spectroscopy". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/am506712c. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1169557.
@article{osti_1169557,
title = {Structural changes and thermal stability of charged LiNixMnyCozO2 cathode materials studied by combined in situ time-resolved XRD and mass spectroscopy},
author = {Bak, Seong -Min and Hu, Enyuan and Zhou, Yongning and Yu, Xiqian and Senanayake, Sanjaya D. and Cho, Sung -Jin and Kim, Kwang -Bum and Chung, Kyung Yoon and Yang, Xiao -Qing and Nam, Kyung -Wan},
abstractNote = {Thermal stability of charged LiNixMnyCozO2 (NMC, with x + y + z = 1, x:y:z = 4:3:3 (NMC433), 5:3:2 (NMC532), 6:2:2 (NMC622), and 8:1:1 (NMC811)) cathode materials is systematically studied using combined in situ time- resolved X-ray diffraction and mass spectroscopy (TR-XRD/MS) techniques upon heating up to 600 °C. The TR-XRD/MS results indicate that the content of Ni, Co, and Mn significantly affects both the structural changes and the oxygen release features during heating: the more Ni and less Co and Mn, the lower the onset temperature of the phase transition (i.e., thermal decomposition) and the larger amount of oxygen release. Interestingly, the NMC532 seems to be the optimized composition to maintain a reasonably good thermal stability, comparable to the low-nickel-content materials (e.g., NMC333 and NMC433), while having a high capacity close to the high-nickel-content materials (e.g., NMC811 and NMC622). The origin of the thermal decomposition of NMC cathode materials was elucidated by the changes in the oxidation states of each transition metal (TM) cations (i.e., Ni, Co, and Mn) and their site preferences during thermal decomposition. It is revealed that Mn ions mainly occupy the 3a octahedral sites of a layered structure (R3¯m) but Co ions prefer to migrate to the 8a tetrahedral sites of a spinel structure (Fd3¯m) during the thermal decomposition. Such element-dependent cation migration plays a very important role in the thermal stability of NMC cathode materials. The reasonably good thermal stability and high capacity characteristics of the NMC532 composition is originated from the well-balanced ratio of nickel content to manganese and cobalt contents. As a result, this systematic study provides insight into the rational design of NMC-based cathode materials with a desired balance between thermal stability and high energy density.},
doi = {10.1021/am506712c},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1169557}, journal = {ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces},
issn = {1944-8244},
number = 24,
volume = 6,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Nov 24 00:00:00 EST 2014},
month = {Mon Nov 24 00:00:00 EST 2014}
}

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