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Title: EqualChance: Addressing Intra-set Write Variation to Increase Lifetime of Non-volatile Caches

Abstract

To address the limitations of SRAM such as high-leakage and low-density, researchers have explored use of non-volatile memory (NVM) devices, such as ReRAM (resistive RAM) and STT-RAM (spin transfer torque RAM) for designing on-chip caches. A crucial limitation of NVMs, however, is that their write endurance is low and the large intra-set write variation introduced by existing cache management policies may further exacerbate this problem, thereby reducing the cache lifetime significantly. We present EqualChance, a technique to increase cache lifetime by reducing intra-set write variation. EqualChance works by periodically changing the physical cache-block location of a write-intensive data item within a set to achieve wear-leveling. Simulations using workloads from SPEC CPU2006 suite and HPC (high-performance computing) field show that EqualChance improves the cache lifetime by 4.29X. Also, its implementation overhead is small, and it incurs very small performance and energy loss.

Authors:
 [1];  [1]
  1. ORNL
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
OSTI Identifier:
1159425
DOE Contract Number:  
DE-AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: 2nd USENIX Workshop on Interactions of NVM/Flash with Operating Systems and Workloads (INFLOW), Broomsfield, CO, USA, 20141005, 20141005
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
Non-volatile memory; ReRAM; wear-leveling; intra-set write variation; cache lifetime; write endurance

Citation Formats

Mittal, Sparsh, and Vetter, Jeffrey S. EqualChance: Addressing Intra-set Write Variation to Increase Lifetime of Non-volatile Caches. United States: N. p., 2014. Web.
Mittal, Sparsh, & Vetter, Jeffrey S. EqualChance: Addressing Intra-set Write Variation to Increase Lifetime of Non-volatile Caches. United States.
Mittal, Sparsh, and Vetter, Jeffrey S. 2014. "EqualChance: Addressing Intra-set Write Variation to Increase Lifetime of Non-volatile Caches". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1159425.
@article{osti_1159425,
title = {EqualChance: Addressing Intra-set Write Variation to Increase Lifetime of Non-volatile Caches},
author = {Mittal, Sparsh and Vetter, Jeffrey S},
abstractNote = {To address the limitations of SRAM such as high-leakage and low-density, researchers have explored use of non-volatile memory (NVM) devices, such as ReRAM (resistive RAM) and STT-RAM (spin transfer torque RAM) for designing on-chip caches. A crucial limitation of NVMs, however, is that their write endurance is low and the large intra-set write variation introduced by existing cache management policies may further exacerbate this problem, thereby reducing the cache lifetime significantly. We present EqualChance, a technique to increase cache lifetime by reducing intra-set write variation. EqualChance works by periodically changing the physical cache-block location of a write-intensive data item within a set to achieve wear-leveling. Simulations using workloads from SPEC CPU2006 suite and HPC (high-performance computing) field show that EqualChance improves the cache lifetime by 4.29X. Also, its implementation overhead is small, and it incurs very small performance and energy loss.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1159425}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2014},
month = {Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2014}
}

Conference:
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