Response to Comment on “Iodine-129 and Iodine-127 Speciation in Groundwater at Hanford Site, U.S. Iodate Incorporation into Calcite”

doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/es4046132

Title: Response to Comment on “Iodine-129 and Iodine-127 Speciation in Groundwater at Hanford Site, U.S. Iodate Incorporation into Calcite”

Full Record
Other Related Research

Abstract

In his comment on our paper “Iodine-129 and Iodine-127 Speciation in Groundwater at Hanford Site, U.S.: Iodate Incorporation into Calcite”, Lu specified three concerns for Zhang et al’s study,1 including (1) precipitation mechanism (degassing vs freezing), (2) analytical methods, and (3) mass balance control. In response, comparative and comprehensive discussions on the precipitation mechanisms and iodine incorporation can be found in the paper, as well as below. This includes additional experiments of iodine distribution and speciation in calcite precipitates. In addition, the measurements of total iodine in soils/sediment were clarified below as well. The calculations on mass balance in this comment were clarified by using correct data sets. Lu proposed that freezing samples

Authors:

Zhang, Saijin ^[1]; Xu, Chen ^[1]; Creeley, Danielle ^[1]; Ho, Yi-Fang ^[1]; Li, Hsiu-Ping ^[1]; Grandbois, Russell ^[1]; Schwehr, Kathy ^[1]; Kaplan, D. I. ^[2]; Yeager, Chris ^[3]; Wellman, Dawn M. ^[4]; Santschi, Peter H. ^[1]

Texas A & M Univ., Galveston, TX (United States)
Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River National Lab. (SRNL)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Publication Date:: 2013-11-04

Research Org.:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1158518

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-100335
Journal ID: ISSN 0013-936X

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Environmental Science and Technology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 47; Journal Issue: 22; Journal ID: ISSN 0013-936X

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Idoine-129; Iodine-127; Speciation in Groundwater; Hanford Site; Iodate Incorporation; Calcite

Citation Formats


                    Zhang, Saijin, Xu, Chen, Creeley, Danielle, Ho, Yi-Fang, Li, Hsiu-Ping, Grandbois, Russell, Schwehr, Kathy, Kaplan, D. I., Yeager, Chris, Wellman, Dawn M., and Santschi, Peter H. Response to Comment on “Iodine-129 and Iodine-127 Speciation in Groundwater at Hanford Site, U.S. Iodate Incorporation into Calcite”.  United States: N. p., 2013. 
        Web.  doi:10.1021/es4046132.

Copy to clipboard


                    Zhang, Saijin, Xu, Chen, Creeley, Danielle, Ho, Yi-Fang, Li, Hsiu-Ping, Grandbois, Russell, Schwehr, Kathy, Kaplan, D. I., Yeager, Chris, Wellman, Dawn M., & Santschi, Peter H. Response to Comment on “Iodine-129 and Iodine-127 Speciation in Groundwater at Hanford Site, U.S. Iodate Incorporation into Calcite”.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/es4046132

Copy to clipboard


                    Zhang, Saijin, Xu, Chen, Creeley, Danielle, Ho, Yi-Fang, Li, Hsiu-Ping, Grandbois, Russell, Schwehr, Kathy, Kaplan, D. I., Yeager, Chris, Wellman, Dawn M., and Santschi, Peter H. Mon .  
        "Response to Comment on “Iodine-129 and Iodine-127 Speciation in Groundwater at Hanford Site, U.S. Iodate Incorporation into Calcite”".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/es4046132.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1158518,

  title        = {Response to Comment on “Iodine-129 and Iodine-127 Speciation in Groundwater at Hanford Site, U.S. Iodate Incorporation into Calcite”},

  author       = {Zhang, Saijin and Xu, Chen and Creeley, Danielle and Ho, Yi-Fang and Li, Hsiu-Ping and Grandbois, Russell and Schwehr, Kathy and Kaplan, D. I. and Yeager, Chris and Wellman, Dawn M. and Santschi, Peter H.},

  abstractNote = {In his comment on our paper “Iodine-129 and Iodine-127 Speciation in Groundwater at Hanford Site, U.S.: Iodate Incorporation into Calcite”, Lu specified three concerns for Zhang et al’s study,1 including (1) precipitation mechanism (degassing vs freezing), (2) analytical methods, and (3) mass balance control. In response, comparative and comprehensive discussions on the precipitation mechanisms and iodine incorporation can be found in the paper, as well as below. This includes additional experiments of iodine distribution and speciation in calcite precipitates. In addition, the measurements of total iodine in soils/sediment were clarified below as well. The calculations on mass balance in this comment were clarified by using correct data sets. Lu proposed that freezing samples},

  doi          = {10.1021/es4046132},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1158518},
  journal      = {Environmental Science and Technology},

  issn         = {0013-936X},

  number       = 22,

  volume       = 47,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2013},

  month        = {11}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

https://doi.org/10.1021/es4046132

Other availability

Find in Google Scholar

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Similar records in OSTI.GOV collections:

Iodine-129 and Iodine-127 speciation in groundwater at the Hanford Site, U.S.: iodate incorporation into calcite

Journal Article Zhang, Saijin ; Xu, Chen ; Creeley, Danielle ; ... - Environmental Science and Technology

The Hanford Site, the most contaminated nuclear site in the United States, has large radioactive waste plumes containing high 129I levels. The geochemical transport and fate of radioiodine depends largely on its chemical speciation that is greatly affected by environmental factors. This study reports, for the first time, the speciation of stable and radioactive iodine in the groundwater from the Hanford Site. Iodate was the dominant species and accounts for up to 84%, followed by organo-iodine and minimal levels of iodide. The relatively high pH and oxidizing environment may have prevented iodate reduction. Our results identified that calcite precipitation causedmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/es401816e
Laboratory report on iodine ( ¹²⁹I and ¹²⁷I) speciation, transformation and mobility in Handford groundwater, suspended particles and sediments

Technical Report Santschi, P. H. ; Xu, C. ; Zhang, S. ; ...

The Hanford Site in eastern Washington produced plutonium for several decades and in the process generated billions of gallons of radioactive waste. Included in this complex mixture of waste was 50 Ci of iodine-129 ( ¹²⁹I). Iodine-129’s high abundance, due to its high fission yield, and extreme toxicity result in iodine-129 becoming a key risk driver at many Department of Energy (DOE) sites. The mobility of radioiodine in arid environments, such as the Hanford Site, depends largely on its chemical speciation and is also greatly affected by many other environmental factors, especially natural sediment organic matter (SOM). Groundwater radioiodine speciationmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/1114211

Full Text Available
A Novel Approach for the Simultaneous Determination of Iodide, Iodate and Organo-Iodide for ¹²⁷ I and ¹²⁹ I in Environmental Samples Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Journal Article Zhang, S. ; Schwehr, K. A. ; Ho, Y. -F. ; ... - Environmental Science and Technology

In aquatic environments, iodine mainly exists as iodide, iodate, and organic iodine. The high mobility of iodine in aquatic systems has led to ¹²⁹I contamination problems at sites where nuclear fuel has been reprocessed, such as the F-area of Savannah River Site. In order to assess the distribution of ¹²⁹I and stable ¹²⁷I in environmental systems, a sensitive and rapid method was developed which enables determination of isotopic ratios of speciated iodine. Iodide concentrations were quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after derivatization to 4-iodo-N,N-dimethylaniline. Iodate concentrations were quantified by measuring the difference of iodide concentrations in the solution beforemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/es102047y
Importance of Microbial Activity On Groundwater Iodate and Organo-Iodine Speciation and Mobility At Two DOE Sites

Technical Report Santschi, Peter H. ; Xu, Chen ; Schwehr, Kathleen A. ; ...

Iodine (I) occurs in multiple oxidation states in aquatic systems in the form of organic and inorganic species (iodide and iodate). This fact leads to complex biogeochemical cycling of Iodine and its long-lived isotope, ¹²⁹I, a major by-product of nuclear fission. Results from our newly developed, sensitive and rapid method for speciated isotopic ratios ( ¹²⁹I/ ¹²⁷I) via GC-MS, which compare favorably with Accelerator Mass Spectroscopy, demonstrate that the mobility of ¹²⁹I species greatly depends on the type of I species and its concentration, pH, and sediment redox state. At ambient concentrations (~10 ⁷ M), I- and IO ^-3 aremore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/1240154

Full Text Available
Iodine Speciation Across the Length of the Hanford 200-UP-1 Operable Unit Radioiodine Plume and Biogeochemical Drivers of Speciation - 17270

Conference Lee, Brady ; Lee, Hope ; Brooks, Shelby ; ...

In 1943, construction began on the first of nine nuclear reactors at the Hanford Site to produce plutonium for the development of atomic weapons for the Manhattan Project during World War II and throughout the Cold War. Over a production period lasting from 1944 to 1987, approximately 110,000 tons of nuclear fuel was processed. During the production period, billions of gallons of liquid nuclear waste and millions of tons of solid waste were produced. Approximately 4.7 Ci of radioiodine (I-129) was discharged to liquid disposal sites, during disposition of the waste. Following percolation of the liquid waste through the vadosemore »« less

Similar Records