A three-dimensional carbon nano-network for high performance lithium ion batteries

Tian, Miao; Wang, Wei; Liu, Yang; Jungjohann, Katherine L.; Thomas Harris, C.; Lee, Yung -Cheng; Yang, Ronggui

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.11.006

Title: A three-dimensional carbon nano-network for high performance lithium ion batteries

Journal Article · Thu Nov 20 00:00:00 EST 2014 · Nano Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.11.006· OSTI ID:1141026

Tian, Miao ^[1]; Wang, Wei ^[2]; Liu, Yang ^[3]; Jungjohann, Katherine L. ^[3]; Thomas Harris, C. ^[3]; Lee, Yung -Cheng ^[1]; Yang, Ronggui ^[1]

Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang (China)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Three-dimensional (3D) network structure has been envisioned as a superior architecture for lithium ion battery (LIB) electrodes, which enhances both ion and electron transport to significantly improve battery performance. Herein, a 3D carbon nano-network is fabricated through chemical vapor deposition of carbon on a scalably manufactured 3D porous anodic alumina (PAA) template. As a demonstration on the applicability of 3D carbon nano-network for LIB electrodes, the low conductivity active material, TiO₂, is then uniformly coated on the 3D carbon nano-network using atomic layer deposition. High power performance is demonstrated in the 3D C/TiO₂ electrodes, where the parallel tubes and gaps in the 3D carbon nano-network facilitates fast Li ion transport. A large areal capacity of ~0.37 mAh·cm^–2 is achieved due to the large TiO₂ mass loading in the 60 µm-thick 3D C/TiO₂ electrodes. At a test rate of C/5, the 3D C/TiO₂ electrode with 18 nm-thick TiO₂ delivers a high gravimetric capacity of ~240 mAh g^–1, calculated with the mass of the whole electrode. A long cycle life of over 1000 cycles with a capacity retention of 91% is demonstrated at 1C. In this study, the effects of the electrical conductivity of carbon nano-network, ion diffusion, and the electrolyte permeability on the rate performance of these 3D C/TiO₂ electrodes are systematically studied.

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Research Organization:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1141026

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1478685

Report Number(s):: SAND-2014-1959J; PII: S2211285514203181

Journal Information:: Nano Energy, Vol. 11, Issue C; Related Information: Proposed for publication in Advanced Energy Materials.; ISSN 2211-2855

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 42 works

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