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Title: Improving microstructure of silicon/carbon nanofiber composites as a Li battery anode

Abstract

We report the interfacial study of a silicon/carbon nanofiber (Si/CNF) nanocomposite material as a potentially high performance anode for rechargeable lithium ion batteries. The carbon nanofiber is hollow, with a graphitic interior and turbostratic exterior. Amorphous silicon layers were uniformly coated via chemical vapor deposition on both the exterior and interior surfaces of the CNF. The resulting Si/CNF composites were tested as anodes for Li ion batteries and exhibited capacities near 800 mAh g1 for 100 cycles. After cycling, we found that more Si had fallen off from the outer wall than from the innerwall of CNF. Theoretical calculations confirmed that this is due to a higher interfacial strength at the Si/Cedge interface at the inner wall than that of the Si/C-basal interface at the outer wall. Based upon the experimental analysis and theoretical calculation, we have proposed several interfacial engineering approaches to improve the performance of the electrodes by optimizing the microstructure of this nanocomposite.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [2];  [4];  [2];  [2]
  1. ORNL
  2. Applied Sciences, Inc.
  3. General Motors Corporation
  4. General Motors Corporation-R&D
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1091683
DOE Contract Number:  
DE-AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Journal of Power Sources
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 221; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0378-7753
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

Citation Formats

Howe, Jane Y, Meyer, III, Harry M, Burton, David J., Qi, Dr. Yue, Nazri, Maryam, Nazri, G. Abbas, Palmer, Andrew C., and Lake, Patrick D. Improving microstructure of silicon/carbon nanofiber composites as a Li battery anode. United States: N. p., 2013. Web. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.08.026.
Howe, Jane Y, Meyer, III, Harry M, Burton, David J., Qi, Dr. Yue, Nazri, Maryam, Nazri, G. Abbas, Palmer, Andrew C., & Lake, Patrick D. Improving microstructure of silicon/carbon nanofiber composites as a Li battery anode. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.08.026
Howe, Jane Y, Meyer, III, Harry M, Burton, David J., Qi, Dr. Yue, Nazri, Maryam, Nazri, G. Abbas, Palmer, Andrew C., and Lake, Patrick D. 2013. "Improving microstructure of silicon/carbon nanofiber composites as a Li battery anode". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.08.026.
@article{osti_1091683,
title = {Improving microstructure of silicon/carbon nanofiber composites as a Li battery anode},
author = {Howe, Jane Y and Meyer, III, Harry M and Burton, David J. and Qi, Dr. Yue and Nazri, Maryam and Nazri, G. Abbas and Palmer, Andrew C. and Lake, Patrick D.},
abstractNote = {We report the interfacial study of a silicon/carbon nanofiber (Si/CNF) nanocomposite material as a potentially high performance anode for rechargeable lithium ion batteries. The carbon nanofiber is hollow, with a graphitic interior and turbostratic exterior. Amorphous silicon layers were uniformly coated via chemical vapor deposition on both the exterior and interior surfaces of the CNF. The resulting Si/CNF composites were tested as anodes for Li ion batteries and exhibited capacities near 800 mAh g1 for 100 cycles. After cycling, we found that more Si had fallen off from the outer wall than from the innerwall of CNF. Theoretical calculations confirmed that this is due to a higher interfacial strength at the Si/Cedge interface at the inner wall than that of the Si/C-basal interface at the outer wall. Based upon the experimental analysis and theoretical calculation, we have proposed several interfacial engineering approaches to improve the performance of the electrodes by optimizing the microstructure of this nanocomposite.},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.08.026},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1091683}, journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
issn = {0378-7753},
number = 1,
volume = 221,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2013},
month = {Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2013}
}