Method to calibrate fission chambers in Campbelling mode
Fission chambers are neutron detectors which are widely used to instrument experimental reactors such as material testing reactors or zero power reactors. In the presence of a high level mixed gamma and neutron flux, fission chambers can be operated in Campbelling mode (also known as 'fluctuation mode' or 'mean square voltage mode') to provide reliable and precise neutron related measurements. Fission chamber calibration in Campbelling mode (in terms of neutron flux) is usually done empirically using a calibrated reference detector. A major drawback of this method is that calibration measurements have to be performed in a neutron environment very similar to the one in which the calibrated detector will be used afterwards. What we propose here is a different approach based on characterizing the fission chamber response in terms of fission rate. This way, the detector calibration coefficient is independent from the neutron spectrum and can be determined prior to the experiment. The fissile deposit response to the neutron spectrum can then be assessed independently by other means (experimental or numerical). In this paper, the response of CEA made miniature fission chambers in Campbelling mode is studied. We use a theoretical model of the signal to calculate the calibration coefficient. Input parameters of the model come from statistical distribution of individual pulses. Supporting measurements have been made in the CEA Cadarache zero power reactor MINERVE. Results are compared to an empirical Campbelling mode calibration.
- Research Organization:
- Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- DOE Contract Number:
- DE-AC07-05ID14517
- OSTI ID:
- 1027913
- Report Number(s):
- INL/CON-11-22128; TRN: US1105305
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications - ANIMMA,ICC, Ghent, Belgium,06/06/2011,06/09/2011
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Method to calibrate fission chambers in Campbelling mode
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Related Subjects
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS
61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY
CALIBRATION
CEA CADARACHE
DISTRIBUTION
EXPERIMENTAL REACTORS
FISSION
FISSION CHAMBERS
NEUTRON DETECTORS
NEUTRON FLUX
NEUTRONS
TESTING
ZERO POWER REACTORS
campbelling
Fission chamber
Neutron detector