EMERALD REV.1. PWR Accident Activity Release
- Pacific Gas and Electric Company, San Francisco, CA (United States)
The EMERALD program is designed for the calculation of radiation releases and exposures resulting from abnormal operation of a large pressurized water reactor (PWR). The approach used in EMERALD is similar to an analog simulation of a real system. Each component or volume in the plant which contains a radioactive material is represented by a subroutine which keeps track of the production, transfer, decay and absorption of radioactivity in that volume. During the course of the analysis of an accident, activity is transferred from subroutine to subroutine in the program as it would be transferred from place to place in the plant. For example, in the calculation of the doses resulting from a loss-of-coolant accident the program first calculates the activity built up in the fuel before the accident, then releases some of this activity to the containment volume. Some of this activity is then released to the atmosphere. The rates of transfer, leakage, production, cleanup, decay, and release are read in as input to the program. Subroutines are also included which calculate the on-site and off-site radiation exposures at various distances for individual isotopes and sums of isotopes. The program contains a library of physical data for the twenty-five isotopes of most interest in licensing calculations, and other isotopes can be added or substituted. Because of the flexible nature of the simulation approach, the EMERALD program can be used for most calculations involving the production and release of radioactive materials during abnormal operation of a PWR. These include design, operational, and licensing studies.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Gas and Electric Co., San Francisco, CA (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, Washington, DC (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 10192419
- Report Number(s):
- ESTSC-000289I036000; NESC-546; ON: UN92113105
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: PBD: 1 Oct 1975
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
EMERALD REVISION 1; PWR accident activity release. [IBM360,370; FORTRAN IV]
EMERALD-NORMAL; PWR activity release and dose. [IBM360,370; FORTRAN IV]
Related Subjects
22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
E CODES
PWR TYPE REACTORS
RADIOACTIVITY TRANSPORT
COMPUTER PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION
RADIATION DOSES
LOSS OF COOLANT
DOSIMETRY
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
RADIOACTIVE EFFLUENTS
DOSE RATES
FISSION PRODUCTS
GAMMA RADIATION
RADIOACTIVITY
990200
220900
220502
540130
MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS
REACTOR SAFETY
RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS MONITORING AND TRANSPORT