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Title: Phase and foam behavior study of CO{sub 2}-based foams at reservoir temperature and pressure. Final report, August 20, 1990--July 15, 1993

Abstract

A major objective of the Enhanced Oil Recovery Program at Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) is to develop technologies based on CO{sub 2}, foams, emulsions, or other fluid dispersions that will alleviate viscous fingering and mobility control problems that severely limit the production of oil by miscible CO{sub 2}, flooding. In this project, data on the phase behavior of a model surfactant/water system were generated both to help in modeling work for phase behavior and dispersion morphologies and to provide an efficient experimental methodology for determination of these data from flow calorimetric measurements. The project consists of two separate but compatible subtasks, the results of which are described in detail in the two parts of the main body of this report.

Authors:
;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
West Virginia Univ., Morgantown, WV (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
OSTI Identifier:
10135029
Report Number(s):
DOE/MC/27348-3631
ON: DE94000100; BR: AC1510100
DOE Contract Number:
FG21-90MC27348
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Resource Relation:
Other Information: PBD: Oct 1993
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
02 PETROLEUM; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; CARBON DIOXIDE INJECTION; PHASE STUDIES; SURFACTANTS; WATER; OIL WELLS; BENCH-SCALE EXPERIMENTS; PETROLEUM; ENHANCED RECOVERY; CALORIMETRY; MOBILITY; CONTROL; BINARY MIXTURES; EXPERIMENTAL DATA; PROGRESS REPORT; 020300; 400201; DRILLING AND PRODUCTION; CHEMICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Citation Formats

Whiting, W.B., and Lim, K.H.. Phase and foam behavior study of CO{sub 2}-based foams at reservoir temperature and pressure. Final report, August 20, 1990--July 15, 1993. United States: N. p., 1993. Web. doi:10.2172/10135029.
Whiting, W.B., & Lim, K.H.. Phase and foam behavior study of CO{sub 2}-based foams at reservoir temperature and pressure. Final report, August 20, 1990--July 15, 1993. United States. doi:10.2172/10135029.
Whiting, W.B., and Lim, K.H.. Fri . "Phase and foam behavior study of CO{sub 2}-based foams at reservoir temperature and pressure. Final report, August 20, 1990--July 15, 1993". United States. doi:10.2172/10135029. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/10135029.
@article{osti_10135029,
title = {Phase and foam behavior study of CO{sub 2}-based foams at reservoir temperature and pressure. Final report, August 20, 1990--July 15, 1993},
author = {Whiting, W.B. and Lim, K.H.},
abstractNote = {A major objective of the Enhanced Oil Recovery Program at Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) is to develop technologies based on CO{sub 2}, foams, emulsions, or other fluid dispersions that will alleviate viscous fingering and mobility control problems that severely limit the production of oil by miscible CO{sub 2}, flooding. In this project, data on the phase behavior of a model surfactant/water system were generated both to help in modeling work for phase behavior and dispersion morphologies and to provide an efficient experimental methodology for determination of these data from flow calorimetric measurements. The project consists of two separate but compatible subtasks, the results of which are described in detail in the two parts of the main body of this report.},
doi = {10.2172/10135029},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 1993},
month = {Fri Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 1993}
}

Technical Report:

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  • The main goal of the project was to carry out spectroscopic studies at different pressures and temperatures to provide additional information on the intermolecular potentials of simple molecular solids. A new high pressure infrared was specifically designed for the project. ir studies in ..cap alpha..-N/sub 2/ resulted in positive anharmonic self-energy shifts and a Grueneisen parameter of 3. Preliminary analysis of similar studies of solid methane indicate little anharmonicity in phase III and a transition to a phase IV which might explain a previously observed dielectric anomaly. Raman studies in solid CH/sub 4/ indicate an anisotropic intermolecular potential with amore » strong volume dependence, again little anharmonicity, and a III-IV phase transition which involves the reorientation of some molecules. In fluids, the density dependence on intramolecular frequencies has a striking resemblance to the intermolecular potential and molecular dynamics calculations of the effect are yet to be completed.« less
  • Adult male rats have a strain, dose, and time-dependent renal proximal tubular degeneration induced by certain hydrocarbon compounds. We used rat strain variation (Fisher 344 and NCI Black Reiter) and different hydrocarbon compounds (JP-4, JP-8, decalin and trimethylpentane) to investigate the hydrocarbon-induced nephrotoxic response. Histochemical and morphometric evaluation of NCI-Black Reiter rats exposed to decalin and JP-8 indicated that this strain undergoes an intermediate form of the hydrocarbon-induced nephrotoxicity when compared to the albino Fisher 344 strain. The intermediate nephrotoxic response of the NCI-Black Reiter rat was characterized by approximately a two-fold increase in the number of acid phosphatase reactivemore » lysosomes in renal tubular cells. The NBR rats did not demonstrate an increase in the size of the individual lysosomes, however, a characteristic lysosomal aggregation pattern occurred in renal tubular cells following hydrocarbon exposure. Light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry revealed increased levels of A2U reactive sites in the renal tubular cell of F344 male rats exposed to decalin, trimethylpentane, JP-4 and JP-8. The nephrotoxic effect of decalin, trimethylpentane, JP-4 and JP-8 appeared to be equivalent as judged by renal tubular lysosomal alterations and increased A2U immunoreactive sites. Most lysosomal proteins in either control or treated animals were not reactive with specific antibodies against A2U. The relative number of A2U reactive sites per unit area did riot increase as lysosomes enlarged or became angular in response to hydrocarbon exposure. Alpha 2U globulin, Hyaline droplet nephropathy, Rats, Petroleum fuels, JP-4, JP-8, Cytoskeleton, Immunohistochemistry.« less
  • Since CO/sub 2/ can behave as an oxidizing agent in contact with certain metals and alloys and thus give rise to quantities of CO sufficient to disturb the study of the CO/sub 2//graphrte reaction under radiation, a series of tests were made in order to find a possible catalytic effect of silver or copper on the CO/sup 2//graphite reaction under certain conditions. Copper deposits covered with silver gave satisfaction to 778 deg C (silver-copper eutcctic point). A sillca loop permtts the determination of the threshold of the CO/sup 2//graphite reaction. Purified graphite, bordering on 650 deg C was found tomore » be inferior to nuclear graphite. (P.C.H.)« less
  • The high temperature oxidation of char is of interest in a number of applications in which coal must be burned in confined spaces including the conversion of oil-fired boilers to coal using coal-water slurries, the development of a new generation of pulverized-coal-fired cyclone burners, the injection of coal into the tuyeres of blast furnaces, the use of coal as a fuel in direct-fired gas turbines and in large-bore low-speed diesels, and entrained flow gasifiers. There is a need to understand the temperature history of char particles in conventional pulverized-coal-fired boilers to better explain the processes governing the formation of pollutantsmore » and the transformation of mineral matter. The temperature of char particle burning is the product of a strongly coupled balance between particle physical properties, heat and mass transfer, surface reaction, and CO/CO{sub 2} ratio. Particle temperature has major effects not only on the burning rate but also on ash properties and mineral matter vaporization. Measurements of the temperature of individual burning char particles have clearly demonstrated large particle-to-particle temperature variations which depend strongly on particle size and on particle composition. This report consists of two major parts. In the first part, experimental measurements of CO/CO{sub 2} ratio for a single spherocarb particle is presented along with a kinetic model which allows estimation of CO/CO{sub 2} generated at a carbon surface for temperatures higher than those reported in the experimental work. In the second part, modeling of a temperature profile during a char combustion is reported, and also progress in modeling the complex sets of coupled phenomena involving full gas phase reaction kinetics, heat transfer, and mass transfer is summarized. In the appendix progress on construction and testing of an improved electrodynamic balance is presented.« less