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Title: 2-Oxoacid Metabolism in Methanogenic CoM and CoB Biosynthesis

Abstract

Coenzyme M (CoM) and coenzyme B (CoB) are essential for methane production by the euryarchaea that employ this specialized anaerobic metabolism. Two pathways are known to produce CoM, 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate, and both converge on the 2-oxoacid sulfopyruvate. These cells have recruited the rich biochemistry of amino acid and 2-oxoacid metabolizing enzymes to produce a compound that resembles oxaloacetate, but with a more stable and acidic sulfonate group. 7-Mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate, CoB, likewise owes its carbon backbone to a 2-oxoacid. Three enzymes recruited from leucine biosynthesis have evolved to catalyze the elongation of 2-oxoglutarate to 2-oxosuberate in CoB biosynthesis. This chapter describes the enzymology, synthesis and analytical techniques used to study 2-oxoacid metabolism in these pathways. Protein structure and mechanistic information from enzymes provides insight into the evolution of new enzymatic activity, and the evolution of substrate specificity from promiscuous enzyme scaffolds.

Authors:
 [1]
  1. ORNL
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program
OSTI Identifier:
1009479
DOE Contract Number:  
DE-AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Book
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
03 NATURAL GAS; AMINO ACIDS; BIOCHEMISTRY; BIOSYNTHESIS; CARBON; COENZYMES; ELONGATION; ENZYMES; LEUCINE; METABOLISM; METHANE; PRODUCTION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; SPECIFICITY; SUBSTRATES; SULFONATES; SYNTHESIS; Methanogen; Coenzyme Biosynthesis; CoM; CoB; Enzymes

Citation Formats

Graham, David E. 2-Oxoacid Metabolism in Methanogenic CoM and CoB Biosynthesis. United States: N. p., 2011. Web.
Graham, David E. 2-Oxoacid Metabolism in Methanogenic CoM and CoB Biosynthesis. United States.
Graham, David E. 2011. "2-Oxoacid Metabolism in Methanogenic CoM and CoB Biosynthesis". United States.
@article{osti_1009479,
title = {2-Oxoacid Metabolism in Methanogenic CoM and CoB Biosynthesis},
author = {Graham, David E},
abstractNote = {Coenzyme M (CoM) and coenzyme B (CoB) are essential for methane production by the euryarchaea that employ this specialized anaerobic metabolism. Two pathways are known to produce CoM, 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate, and both converge on the 2-oxoacid sulfopyruvate. These cells have recruited the rich biochemistry of amino acid and 2-oxoacid metabolizing enzymes to produce a compound that resembles oxaloacetate, but with a more stable and acidic sulfonate group. 7-Mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate, CoB, likewise owes its carbon backbone to a 2-oxoacid. Three enzymes recruited from leucine biosynthesis have evolved to catalyze the elongation of 2-oxoglutarate to 2-oxosuberate in CoB biosynthesis. This chapter describes the enzymology, synthesis and analytical techniques used to study 2-oxoacid metabolism in these pathways. Protein structure and mechanistic information from enzymes provides insight into the evolution of new enzymatic activity, and the evolution of substrate specificity from promiscuous enzyme scaffolds.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1009479}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2011},
month = {Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2011}
}

Book:
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