2-Oxoacid Metabolism in Methanogenic CoM and CoB Biosynthesis
Abstract
Coenzyme M (CoM) and coenzyme B (CoB) are essential for methane production by the euryarchaea that employ this specialized anaerobic metabolism. Two pathways are known to produce CoM, 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate, and both converge on the 2-oxoacid sulfopyruvate. These cells have recruited the rich biochemistry of amino acid and 2-oxoacid metabolizing enzymes to produce a compound that resembles oxaloacetate, but with a more stable and acidic sulfonate group. 7-Mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate, CoB, likewise owes its carbon backbone to a 2-oxoacid. Three enzymes recruited from leucine biosynthesis have evolved to catalyze the elongation of 2-oxoglutarate to 2-oxosuberate in CoB biosynthesis. This chapter describes the enzymology, synthesis and analytical techniques used to study 2-oxoacid metabolism in these pathways. Protein structure and mechanistic information from enzymes provides insight into the evolution of new enzymatic activity, and the evolution of substrate specificity from promiscuous enzyme scaffolds.
- Authors:
-
- ORNL
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1009479
- DOE Contract Number:
- DE-AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Book
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 03 NATURAL GAS; AMINO ACIDS; BIOCHEMISTRY; BIOSYNTHESIS; CARBON; COENZYMES; ELONGATION; ENZYMES; LEUCINE; METABOLISM; METHANE; PRODUCTION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; SPECIFICITY; SUBSTRATES; SULFONATES; SYNTHESIS; Methanogen; Coenzyme Biosynthesis; CoM; CoB; Enzymes
Citation Formats
Graham, David E. 2-Oxoacid Metabolism in Methanogenic CoM and CoB Biosynthesis. United States: N. p., 2011.
Web.
Graham, David E. 2-Oxoacid Metabolism in Methanogenic CoM and CoB Biosynthesis. United States.
Graham, David E. 2011.
"2-Oxoacid Metabolism in Methanogenic CoM and CoB Biosynthesis". United States.
@article{osti_1009479,
title = {2-Oxoacid Metabolism in Methanogenic CoM and CoB Biosynthesis},
author = {Graham, David E},
abstractNote = {Coenzyme M (CoM) and coenzyme B (CoB) are essential for methane production by the euryarchaea that employ this specialized anaerobic metabolism. Two pathways are known to produce CoM, 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate, and both converge on the 2-oxoacid sulfopyruvate. These cells have recruited the rich biochemistry of amino acid and 2-oxoacid metabolizing enzymes to produce a compound that resembles oxaloacetate, but with a more stable and acidic sulfonate group. 7-Mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate, CoB, likewise owes its carbon backbone to a 2-oxoacid. Three enzymes recruited from leucine biosynthesis have evolved to catalyze the elongation of 2-oxoglutarate to 2-oxosuberate in CoB biosynthesis. This chapter describes the enzymology, synthesis and analytical techniques used to study 2-oxoacid metabolism in these pathways. Protein structure and mechanistic information from enzymes provides insight into the evolution of new enzymatic activity, and the evolution of substrate specificity from promiscuous enzyme scaffolds.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1009479},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2011},
month = {Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2011}
}