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Title: Molecular Basis for Cyclooxygenase Inhibition by the Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Naproxen

Abstract

Naproxen ((S)-6-methoxy-{alpha}-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid) is a powerful non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is extensively used as a prescription and over-the-counter medication. Naproxen exhibits gastrointestinal toxicity, but its cardiovascular toxicity may be reduced compared with other drugs in its class. Despite the fact that naproxen has been marketed for many years, the molecular basis of its interaction with cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes is unknown. We performed a detailed study of naproxen-COX-2 interactions using site-directed mutagenesis, structure-activity analysis, and x-ray crystallography. The results indicate that each of the pendant groups of the naphthyl scaffold are essential for COX inhibition, and only minimal substitutions are tolerated. Mutation of Trp-387 to Phe significantly reduced inhibition by naproxen, a result that appears unique to this inhibitor. Substitution of S or CH2 for the O atom of the p-methoxy group yielded analogs that were not affected by the W387F substitution and that exhibited increased COX-2 selectivity relative to naproxen. Crystallization and x-ray analysis yielded structures of COX-2 complexed to naproxen and its methylthio analog at 1.7 and 2.3 {angstrom} resolution, respectively. The combination of mutagenesis, structure analysis, and x-ray crystallography provided comprehensive information on the unique interactions responsible for naproxen binding to COX-2.

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ;  [1]
  1. Vanderbilt
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1002876
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
J. Biol. Chem.
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 285; Journal Issue: 11, 2010; Journal ID: ISSN 0021-9258
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
ENGLISH
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; 99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS//MATHEMATICS, COMPUTING, AND INFORMATION SCIENCE; ATOMS; CRYSTALLIZATION; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; ENZYMES; MUTAGENESIS; MUTATIONS; RESOLUTION; TOXICITY

Citation Formats

Duggan, Kelsey C, Walters, Matthew J, Musee, Joel, Harp, Joel M, Kiefer, James R, Oates, John A, Marnett, Lawrence J, and Pfizer). Molecular Basis for Cyclooxygenase Inhibition by the Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Naproxen. United States: N. p., 2010. Web. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110.162982.
Duggan, Kelsey C, Walters, Matthew J, Musee, Joel, Harp, Joel M, Kiefer, James R, Oates, John A, Marnett, Lawrence J, & Pfizer). Molecular Basis for Cyclooxygenase Inhibition by the Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Naproxen. United States. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.162982
Duggan, Kelsey C, Walters, Matthew J, Musee, Joel, Harp, Joel M, Kiefer, James R, Oates, John A, Marnett, Lawrence J, and Pfizer). 2010. "Molecular Basis for Cyclooxygenase Inhibition by the Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Naproxen". United States. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.162982.
@article{osti_1002876,
title = {Molecular Basis for Cyclooxygenase Inhibition by the Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Naproxen},
author = {Duggan, Kelsey C and Walters, Matthew J and Musee, Joel and Harp, Joel M and Kiefer, James R and Oates, John A and Marnett, Lawrence J and Pfizer)},
abstractNote = {Naproxen ((S)-6-methoxy-{alpha}-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid) is a powerful non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is extensively used as a prescription and over-the-counter medication. Naproxen exhibits gastrointestinal toxicity, but its cardiovascular toxicity may be reduced compared with other drugs in its class. Despite the fact that naproxen has been marketed for many years, the molecular basis of its interaction with cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes is unknown. We performed a detailed study of naproxen-COX-2 interactions using site-directed mutagenesis, structure-activity analysis, and x-ray crystallography. The results indicate that each of the pendant groups of the naphthyl scaffold are essential for COX inhibition, and only minimal substitutions are tolerated. Mutation of Trp-387 to Phe significantly reduced inhibition by naproxen, a result that appears unique to this inhibitor. Substitution of S or CH2 for the O atom of the p-methoxy group yielded analogs that were not affected by the W387F substitution and that exhibited increased COX-2 selectivity relative to naproxen. Crystallization and x-ray analysis yielded structures of COX-2 complexed to naproxen and its methylthio analog at 1.7 and 2.3 {angstrom} resolution, respectively. The combination of mutagenesis, structure analysis, and x-ray crystallography provided comprehensive information on the unique interactions responsible for naproxen binding to COX-2.},
doi = {10.1074/jbc.M110.162982},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1002876}, journal = {J. Biol. Chem.},
issn = {0021-9258},
number = 11, 2010,
volume = 285,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2010},
month = {Mon Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2010}
}