OLD

NEW

(effective 3/20/2000)

Information supporting research on coal and coal products, including lignite and peat, should be included in this category. As energy sources, research in these areas includes preparation; processing; products and by-products; properties and composition; waste management; environmental aspects; reserves, geology and exploration; mining; transport, handling and storage; combustion; economic, industrial, and business aspects; health and safety; and legislation and regulations.

Information supporting research on coal and coal products, including lignite and peat, should be included in this category. As energy sources, research in these areas includes reserves, geology and exploration; mining; preparation; processing; products and by-products; properties and composition; combustion; transport, handling and storage; waste management; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

Information supporting research on petroleum is covered in this category. As an energy source, research in this area includes reserves, geology, and exploration; drilling and production; processing; products and by-products; health and safety; economic, industrial, and business aspects; waste management; environmental aspects; legislation and regulations; transport, handling, and storage;

properties and composition; and combustion.

Information supporting research on petroleum is covered in this category. As an energy source, research in this area includes reserves, geology, and exploration; drilling and production; processing; products and by-products; properties and composition; combustion; transport, handling, and storage; waste management; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

Information supporting research on natural gas including liquified natural gas is covered in this category. As an energy source, research in this area includes reserves, geology, and exploration; drilling, production, and processing; products and by-products; health and safety; economic, industrial, and business aspects; waste management; environmental aspects; legislation and regulations; transport, handling, and storage; properties and composition; and combustion.

Information supporting research on natural gas including liquefied natural gas is covered in this category. As an energy source, research in this area includes reserves, geology, and exploration; drilling, production, and processing; products and by-products (e.g., LPG); properties and composition; combustion; transport, handling, and storage; waste management; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

Information supporting research on oil shales and tar sands should be included in this category. As an energy source, research in this area includes reserves, geology, and exploration; drilling, fracturing, and mining; oil production, recovery, and refining; properties and composition; products and by-products; health and safety; economic, industrial, and business aspects; waste management, environmental aspects; legislation and regulations; transport, handling, and storage; and combustion.

Information supporting research on oil shales and tar sands should be included in this category. As an energy source, research in this area includes reserves, geology, and exploration; drilling, fracturing, and mining; oil production, recovery, and refining; products and by-products; properties and composition; combustion; transport, handling, and storage; waste management, environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

This category includes information on the nuclear fuel cycle except for fuel element design, assembly, and performance and fuel-cycle economics. It includes reserves, exploration, and mining; feed processing; uranium enrichment; fuels production and properties; spent fuels reprocessing; transport, handling, and storage; economic, industrial, and business aspects; waste management; environmental aspects; health and safety; safeguards, inspection, and accountability; and legislation and regulations.

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This category includes information on the nuclear fuel cycle except for fuel element design, assembly, and performance and waste management. It includes reserves, exploration, and mining; feed processing; uranium enrichment; fuels production and properties; spent fuels reprocessing; transport, handling, and storage; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE WASTES, AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES

This category includes the treatment, transport, storage, disposal, safety, and legal aspects of radioactive wastes and spent fuels. It includes processing, disposal, interim or ultimate storage of radioactive wastes, including transmutation technology; processing and disposal of non-radioactive wastes generated by nuclear facilities; radioactive waste treatment plants, structures, and equipment; and tritium processing, containment, and recovery

NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL PROTECTION

The arms control area includes information on negotiations and treaties to reduce weapon stockpiles, on limiting the spread of weapon technologies, and on verification of compliance with such agreements. Aspects include policy, negotiations, and legislation; proliferation; verification (including remote and on-site inspections); physical protection; nuclear safeguards; and nuclear materials management .

Information in the isotope and radiation source technology area include physical isotope separation; radiation sources; isotopic power supplies; economic, industrial, and business aspects; health and safety; environmental aspects; and regulation and licensing.

Information in the isotope and radiation source technology area include physical isotope separation; radiation sources; isotopic power supplies; economic, industrial, and business aspects; health and safety; environmental aspects; and regulation and licensing.

This renewable energy area includes hydrogen production; storage, transport, and handling; economic, industrial, and business aspects; health and safety; products and by-products; properties and composition; environmental aspects; waste management; legislation and regulations; and combustion.

This renewable energy area includes hydrogen production; products and by-products; properties and composition; combustion; storage, transport, and handling; waste management; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

This renewable energy area covers energy crops and wastes used directly as fuels, e.g., wood, straw, municipal wastes; fuels derived from energy crops and wastes, e.g., methane, ethane, ethanol; and biogas from sanitary landfills. Aspects include resources; production; processing; properties and composition; combustion; economic, industrial, and business aspects; storage, transport and handling; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; waste management; and products and by-products.

This renewable energy area covers energy crops and wastes used directly as fuels, e.g., wood, straw, municipal wastes; fuels derived from energy crops and wastes, e.g., methane, ethane, ethanol; and biogas from sanitary landfills. Aspects include resources; production; processing; products and by-products properties and composition; combustion; storage, transport and handling; waste management; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

This renewable energy area includes fuels produced by chemical synthesis, e.g., inorganic hydrogen compound fuels, town gas, etc. Aspects include production; properties and composition; combustion; storage, transport and handling; health and safety; economic, industrial, and business aspects; waste management; environmental aspects; legislation and regulations; and products and by-products.

This renewable energy area includes fuels produced by chemical synthesis, e.g., inorganic hydrogen compound fuels, town gas, etc. Aspects include production; properties and composition; combustion; products and by-products; storage, transport and handling; waste management; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

This renewable energy area includes hydroelectric power plants, retrofitting existing dams for power, hydroelectric-dam safety and environmental studies, and generating equipment. Also includes the extraction of energy from the Florida Current, Gulf Stream, or undammed, free-flowing streams. Aspects include resources and availability; site geology and meteorology; plant design and operation; legislation and regulations; economic, industrial, and business aspects; environmental aspects; power-conversion systems; and health and safety.

This renewable energy area includes hydroelectric power plants, retrofitting existing dams for power, hydroelectric-dam safety and environmental studies, and generating equipment. It also includes the extraction of energy from the Florida Current, Gulf Stream, or undammed, free-flowing streams. Aspects include resources and availability; site geology and meteorology; plant design and operation; power-conversion systems; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

This renewable energy area includes conversion of solar radiation to useful amounts of electric energy, use of solar energy for heating and cooling, or any other use of solar energy that might contribute to the total energy budget. All technical aspects of the design, research and development, manufacture, testing, and operation of solar cells and solar collectors are included along with photovoltaic power systems, solar thermal power systems, ocean energy systems and solar thermal utilization. Also includes materials with indicated utility in solar cells or solar converters. Aspects include resources and availability; economic, industrial, and business aspects; environmental aspects; solar energy conversion; heat storage; health and safety; and legislation and regulations.

This renewable energy area includes conversion of solar radiation to useful amounts of electric energy, use of solar energy for heating and cooling, or any other use of solar energy that might contribute to the total energy budget. All technical aspects of the design, research and development, manufacture, testing, and operation of solar cells and solar collectors are included along with photovoltaic power systems, solar thermal power systems, ocean energy systems and solar thermal utilization. Also includes materials with indicated utility in solar cells or solar converters. Aspects include resources and availability; environmental aspects; solar energy conversion; heat storage; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

This renewable energy area includes aspects of geothermal resources and availability; geology and hydrology of geothermal systems; geothermal exploration and exploration technology; legislation and regulations; economic, industrial, and business aspects; environmental aspects; products and by-products; geothermal power plants; geothermal engineering; direct energy utilization; geothermal data and theory; health and safety; and waste management.

This renewable energy area includes aspects of geothermal resources and availability; geology and hydrology of geothermal systems; geothermal exploration and exploration technology; products and by-products; geothermal power plants; geothermal engineering; direct energy utilization; geothermal data and theory; waste management; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and. economic, industrial, and business aspects.

This renewable energy area includes aspects of tidal and wave power resources and availability; legislation and regulations; economic, industrial, and business aspects; environmental aspects; tidal power plants; wave energy converters; and health and safety.

This renewable energy area includes the aspects of tidal and wave power resources and availability; tidal power plants and power conversion systems; wave energy converters; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

This renewable energy area includes aspects of wind resources and availability; legislation and regulations; economic, industrial, and business aspects; environmental aspects; wind energy engineering including applications, turbine design and operation, and power-conversion systems; and health and safety.

This renewable energy area includes the aspects of wind resources and availability; wind energy engineering including applications, turbine design and operation, and power-conversion systems; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

This category is primarily for utility-size fossil-fueled power plants. Routine aspects of power plant hardware use are not included, but new designs, developments, and technologies are appropriate. The hardware includes fuses, motors, turbines, generators, and standard electrical components. Aspects include components and operation of power plants and power generation; waste management; health and safety; environmental aspects; economic, industrial, and business aspects; and legislation and regulations.

This category is primarily for utility-size fossil-fueled power plants. Routine aspects of power plant hardware use are not included, but new designs, developments, and technologies are appropriate. This hardware includes fuses, motors, turbines, generators, and standard electrical components. Aspects include components and operation of power plants and power generation; waste management; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

This area covers the design, development, construction, and operation of fission power reactors. Types of reactors include nonbreeding, breeding, mobile, package, and transportable. Aspects of related regulation, licensing, and economics are included.

This area covers the design, development, construction, and operation of specific fission reactors. Types of reactors include power (both nonbreeding and breeding), mobile, package, transportable, research, production, and propulsion reactors. Aspects of related safety, regulation, licensing, economics, and environmental impacts are included.

This area covers general studies of reactor physics and engineering, environmental aspects, and research, production, and propulsion reactors. Aspects of fuel elements, control systems, and reactor safety are also included. (For reactor safety, category 570000 should also be assigned.)

This area covers general studies of reactor physics and engineering of reactors of unspecified type. Aspects of reactors and their accessories and components (fuel elements, control systems, etc.), environmental impacts, and safety are also included.

The area of power transmission and distribution includes the design, development, and new technologies of power systems and power transmission from any source. Hardware includes transformers, switchgear, converters, and cables. Aspects include power systems; power systems networks, transmission, and distribution; power transmission lines and cables; health and safety; environmental aspects; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

The area of power transmission and distribution includes the design, development, and new technologies of power systems and power transmission from any source. Hardware includes transformers, switchgear, converters, and cables. Aspects include power systems; power systems networks, transmission, and distribution; power transmission lines and cables; environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

Methods for storing energy in a readily recoverable form for later use are covered in this area. Such methods may be mechanical, chemical, electromagnetic, or thermal. Aspects include magnetic; compressed and liquefied gas; capacitor banks; flywheels; thermal; chemical; batteries; economic, industrial, and business aspects; health and safety; environmental aspects; and legislation and regulations.

Methods for storing energy in a readily recoverable form for later use are covered in this area. Such methods may be mechanical, chemical, electromagnetic, or thermal, and include magnetic energy storage, compressed and liquefied gas, capacitor banks, flywheels, thermal energy storage, and chemical energy storage, e.g. batteries. Aspects include environmental aspects; health and safety; legislation and regulations; and economic, industrial, and business aspects.

This area is for information dealing with all aspects of energy planning, policy, and policy analysis. Planning and policy aspects covered include organizational aspects; regulations and legislation; conservation and consumption of energy resources; supply and demand; economic evaluations and cost comparisons; shortages, including blackouts and brownouts; long- and short-term planning; research, development, demonstration, and commercialization in new technology; total energy systems; district heating and cooling; combined cycles in energy management; energy transport, e.g., pipelines; and liquid hydrogen. Aspects also include energy analysis and modeling; economics and sociology; environment, health, and safety; nuclear energy; transport and storage; heat utilization; and policy aspects of fossil fuels, hydrogen and synthetic fuels, electric power, and unconventional sources and power generation.

This area is for information dealing with all aspects of energy planning, policy, and policy analysis. Planning and policy aspects covered include organizational aspects; regulations and legislation; conservation and consumption of energy resources; supply and demand; economic evaluations and cost comparisons; shortages, including blackouts and brownouts; long- and short-term planning; research, development, demonstration, and commercialization in new technology; total energy systems; district heating and cooling; combined cycles in energy management; energy transport, e.g., pipelines; and liquid hydrogen. Aspects also include energy analysis and modeling; economics and sociology; environment, health, and safety; nuclear energy; transport and storage; heat utilization; and policy aspects of fossil fuels, hydrogen and synthetic fuels, electric power, and unconventional sources and power generation.

This area includes methods and devices for converting heat or other forms of energy into electrical energy without intermediate conversion into mechanical work. Aspects include MHD generators; EHD generators; thermoelectric generators; thermionic generators; fuel cells; and miscellaneous convertors.

This area includes methods and devices for converting heat or other forms of energy into electrical energy without intermediate conversion into mechanical work. Aspects include MHD generators; EHD generators; thermoelectric generators; thermionic generators; fuel cells; and miscellaneous convertors.

This area includes information on equipment and methods to reduce energy consumption, increase energy efficiency, or to enable the substitution of more plentiful or environmentally favorable energy sources. The area includes energy conservation within buildings, in transportation, in industry and agriculture, and within municipalities and communities.

This area includes information on equipment and methods to reduce energy consumption, increase energy efficiency, or to enable the substitution of more plentiful or environmentally favorable energy sources. The area includes energy conservation within buildings, in transportation, in industry and agriculture, and within municipalities and communities.

This area has design and development of advanced propulsion systems for automobiles, buses, trucks, ships, aircraft, and trains - e.g., power plants, components, and devices that promise better fuel economy, less maintenance, and increased service life; more-efficient power cycles; better emission-control devices; and feasibility studies on the use of alternative fuels such as hydrogen or alcohol fuels. Aspects include internal combustion engines; external combustion engines; electric-powered systems; hybrid systems; flywheel propulsion; vehicle design factors; emission control; and alternative fuels.

This area has design and development of advanced propulsion systems for automobiles, buses, trucks, ships, aircraft, and trains - e.g., power plants, components, and devices that promise better fuel economy, less maintenance, and increased service life; more-efficient power cycles; better emission-control devices; and feasibility studies on the use of alternative fuels such as hydrogen or alcohol fuels. Aspects include internal combustion engines; external combustion engines; electric-powered systems; hybrid systems; flywheel propulsion; vehicle design factors; emission control; and alternative fuels.

The arms control area includes information on negotiations and treaties to reduce weapon stockpiles, on limiting the spread of weapon technologies, and on verification of compliance with such agreements. Aspects include policy, negotiations, and legislation; proliferation; and verification including remote and on-site inspections.

The arms control area includes information on negotiations and treaties to reduce weapon stockpiles, on limiting the spread of weapon technologies, and on verification of compliance with such agreements. Aspects include policy, negotiations, and legislation; proliferation; verification (including remote and on-site inspections); physical protection; nuclear safeguards; and nuclear materials management.

The Materials Science subject area provides information on materials research associated with energy production, conversion, or utilization or with studying radiation effects on materials. Studies of metals, alloys, ceramics, cermets, refractories, composites, polymers, plastics and other materials included here.

The Materials Science subject area provides information on materials research associated with energy production, conversion, or utilization or with studying radiation effects on materials. Studies of metals, alloys, ceramics, cermets, refractories, composites, polymers, plastics and other materials included here.

Chemical information useful to researchers in an energy-related area of analytical and separations chemistry; inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry; electrochemistry; photochemistry; radiation chemistry; radiochemistry and nuclear chemistry; and combustion, pyrolysis and high-temperature chemistry is provided in this subject area. Both basic and applied areas of energy-related chemistry are included.

Chemical information useful to researchers in an energy-related area of analytical and separations chemistry; inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry; electrochemistry; photochemistry; and combustion, pyrolysis and high-temperature chemistry is provided in this subject area. Isotope effects on properties of elements and compounds and isotope exchange are also categorized here. Both basic and applied areas of energy-related chemistry are included.

RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY

Hot-atom chemistry (chemical reactions of atoms or ions of high kinetic energy (more than 1 eV) resulting from nuclear transformations), properties of radioactive materials, preparation of radioactively labeled compounds (including chemical separation and preparation of radioisotopes), and radiation chemistry (radiation-induced chemical reactions, G value determination, chemical radiation effects on solids, liquids, and gases) are included in this category.

This subject area encompasses general engineering information directly related to energy, including facilities, equipment and techniques; heat transfer and fluid flow; materials testing; combustion systems; mining and underground engineering; marine engineering; power cycles; components, electron devices and circuits; and peaceful uses of nuclear explosions.

This subject area encompasses general engineering information directly related to energy, including facilities, equipment and techniques; heat transfer and fluid flow; materials testing; combustion systems; mining and underground engineering; marine engineering; power cycles; components, electron devices and circuits; and peaceful uses of nuclear explosions.

Information to support the design, development, operation and components of particle accelerators used in energy research should be included in this category. Topics include beam dynamics, field calculations, and ion optics; auxiliaries and components; and storage rings.

Information to support the design, development, operation and components of particle accelerators used in energy research should be included in this category. Topics include beam dynamics, field calculations, and ion optics; auxiliaries and components; and storage rings.

Instrumentation associated with energy research, including instruments used in radiation; well logging; and thermal, optical, geophysical, meteorological, and miscellaneous applications; are covered in this area. Also included here would be radiation effects on instrument components, instruments, or electronic systems.

This category includes particle and radiation detectors and monitors (such as radiation dosimeters, nuclear spectroscopic instrumentation, high-energy physics instrumentation, and radiometric instruments) as well as other nuclear science-related instrumentation such as flowmeters, pressure gages, and heat sensors. Radiation effects on instruments and electronic systems are also categorized here.

OTHER INSTRUMENTATION

Instrumentation associated with energy research and energy source exploitation, including instruments used in well logging and in thermal, optical, geophysical, meteorological, and miscellaneous applications is covered in this area. [Instrumentation related to nuclear science and technology can be found in category 46.]

This category includes information related to national defense. Aspects of conventional and nuclear weapons such as chemical explosions and explosives; nuclear explosions and explosives; nuclear explosion detection; nuclear and radiological warfare; strategic defense initiative; and chemical and biological warfare are covered.

This category includes information related to national defense. Aspects of conventional and nuclear weapons such as chemical explosions and explosives; nuclear explosions and explosives; nuclear explosion detection; nuclear and radiological warfare; strategic defense initiative; and chemical and biological warfare are covered.

The environmental sciences subject area is defined as information on the effects of any energy-related activity on the environment, on methods for mitigating or eliminating adverse effects, and on technical aspects of ensuring that energy-related activities are environmentally safe and socially acceptable. This area covers all aspects of global climate change. Monitoring and transport of chemicals, radioactive materials and thermal effluents within the atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic environs are covered.

The environmental sciences subject area is defined as information on the effects of any energy-related activity on the environment, on methods for mitigating or eliminating adverse effects, and on technical aspects of ensuring that energy-related activities are environmentally safe and socially acceptable. This area covers all aspects of global climate change. Monitoring and transport of chemicals, radioactive materials and thermal effluents within the atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic environs are covered.

This area includes studies of living organisms and components of living organisms; identification of functions, activities, and phenomena associated with these organisms; and studies to establish norms from which effects of energy production, conversion, or use can be determined. Topics include behavioral biology; biochemistry; cytology; genetics; metabolism; microbiology; morphology; pathology; and physiological systems.

This area includes studies of living organisms and components of living organisms; identification of functions, activities, and phenomena associated with these organisms; and studies to establish norms from which effects of energy production, conversion, or use can be determined. Topics include behavioral biology; biochemistry; cytology; genetics; metabolism; microbiology; morphology; pathology; and physiological systems.

This area includes studies of the effects of nuclear particles, accelerated electrons and ions, gamma rays or x rays on living organisms; of ultraviolet light effects on microorganisms, cells, or biochemicals; effects of thermal effluents from energy production, use, conservation, or other thermal discharges on living organisms; metabolism and toxicology of chemicals associated with an energy cycle; effects of noise produced in energy production, conversion, or use; effects from global climate changes; any health hazards from any energy-related activities; medicine, including use of unsealed radionuclides or external radiation in diagnostics or therapy; and agriculture and food technology.

The following topics are contained in the applied life sciences area: plant cultivation and breeding (crop and plant improvement by development of mutants, plant nutrition, metabolism, fertilizer utilization, irrigation studies, assessment of seed quality, stimulation of plant growth); pest and disease control related to human, animal, and plant parasitic diseases, to pathogens, and to disease transmission; procedures in vaccine production and reactions of organisms to such vaccines; pest ecology, pesticides, and insect control; food protection, preservation, and human nutrition evaluation (procedures for food and animal feed, extension of storage life, disinfestation, food quality and monitoring); and animal husbandry (nutrition, metabolism, and breeding of domestic animals, veterinary science). The use of radiation in the above contexts is included.

RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY

This subject area includes radiation protection standards dealing with the presence of radioactive materials or with the operation of reactors or other nuclear equipment or facilities; radiation protection procedures to provide radiation protection, decontamination, and prevention of contamination; and dosimetry and monitoring of patients and medical personnel (population dose estimates; collective dose and dose commitment (from background radiation, radiation accidents, medical or industrial use of radioisotopes and ionizing radiation, or contaminated food); absorbed doses in man, animals, plants, and other biological systems, as well as tissue-equivalent materials and phantoms). Also included in this category are legal aspects of protecting personnel, the public, and the environment against contamination.

The use of external radiation and radioisotopes in diagnosis and therapy is categorized here. Radiations include x rays, bremsstrahlung, gamma rays, neutrons, and charged particles. The use of stable isotopes in diagnostic procedures as well as other medical techniques are included in this subject area.

RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGANISMS AND BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS

This area includes studies of the effects of nuclear particles, accelerated electrons and ions, gamma rays or x rays on living organisms, including cells, microorganisms, or biochemicals; of ultraviolet light effects on microorganisms, cells, or biochemicals; effects of thermal effluents from energy production, use, conservation, or other thermal discharges on living organisms; metabolism and toxicology of chemicals associated with an energy cycle; effects of noise produced in energy production, conversion, or use; effects from global climate changes; and health hazards from any energy-related activities.

This category includes general aspects of health and safety only. Health and safety aspects of specific areas, or related to specific materials or facilities, should be included under those categories. In addition, documents dealing with reactor safety should have 570000 as a secondary category.

This area is limited to providing information to support research in geosciences where the context of the work is energy technology. Aspects of geology, geography, seismology and geochemistry are covered when energy-related.

This area is limited to providing information to support research in geosciences where the context of the work is energy technology. Aspects of geology, geography, seismology and geochemistry are covered when energy related.

The Physics section provides information to researchers in energy-related areas of physics and astronomy. Aspects included are general physics; classical and quantum mechanics; general techniques; general aspects of physical science such as thermodynamics, optics, acoustics, etc.; physics of elementary particles and fields; general theory of particles and fields; specific theories and interaction models; particles systematics; specific interactions, decays and processes; properties of specific particles and resonances; nuclear physics; nuclear structure; radioactivity and electromagnetic transitions; general nuclear reactions and scattering; specific nuclear reactions and scattering; nuclear mass ranges; radiation physics; atomic and molecular physics; theory of electronic structure of atoms and molecules; spectra of atoms and molecules and their interactions with photons; collision phenomena; experimentally derived information on atomic and molecular properties; special atoms and molecules; physics of condensed matter; nuclear techniques in condensed matter physics; solid-state plasma; interactions between beams and condensed matter; quantum physics aspects of condensed matter; and direct energy conversion.

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Aspects of physics included here are classical mechanics of interest for energy science and technology, general aspects of quantum mechanics and scattering theory, basic cryogenic studies, vacuum production and techniques at cryogenic temperatures, beam production and transport of beams (electron, neutron, ion, atomic, and molecular) not for specific applications, nonisotopic sources (electron, neutron, ion) not developed for specific applications, and other physical sciences such as statistical physics, thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, electrodynamics, optics, acoustics, etc.

PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS

The physics of elementary particles and fields includes the theory of fields and strings; Schwinger source theory; Bethe-Salpeter equations; relativistic wave equations; symmetry; conservation laws; currents and their properties; S-matrix theory; Regge formalism; relativistic scattering theory; unified theories and models; quantum electrodynamics (QED); quantum chromodynamics (QCD); models for strong interactions; studies of specific particle interactions, decays, and processes; and properties of specific particles and resonances.

NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

This subject category includes the properties of nuclei and nuclear energy levels, nuclear structure models and methods, nuclear radioactivity and electromagnetic transitions, and nuclear reactions and scattering. It also includes the physics of nuclear and elementary particles as they interact with and pass through bulk matter.

In this category are found documents on the electronic structure and energy-level transitions of atoms and molecules; atomic and molecular spectra; interactions of atoms and molecules with photons; collision phenomena (for collisions of electrons, ions, atoms, and molecules with one another); and properties of atoms and molecules, including positronium, muonium, muonic and mesic atoms and molecules, and hyperonic atoms and molecules.

CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

The following topics are categorized here: advances in the use of nuclear techniques or measurement methods in studies of the structure of solids and liquids; solid-state plasma; physics of surfaces, interfaces, and thin films; interactions of beams (photons, electrons, positrons, neutrons, ions, atoms, and molecules) with condensed matter, where the interest is in the effect itself at the microscopic level and not in the material in which it takes place; Auger emission; sputtering; and quantum physics aspects of condensed matter (superconductivity, superconducting devices, superfluidity, etc.)

This subject area includes aspects of plasma physics and fusion including plasma production, kinetics, processes and confinement. Fusion technology, specifically fusion devices and systems, is also covered within this area.

This subject area includes aspects of plasma physics and fusion including plasma production, kinetics, processes and confinement. Fusion technology, specifically fusion devices and systems, is also covered within this area

This section is intended to support research interests by energy organizations in the disciplines of mathematics, computing and information science, and general law. Research in these areas includes supercomputing, mathematical and computer modeling, computer programming, and information systems. Generally, this research supports some facet of energy technology.

This section is intended to support research interests by energy organizations in the disciplines of mathematics, computing and information science, and general law. Research in these areas includes supercomputing, mathematical and computer modeling, computer programming, and information systems. Generally, this research supports some facet of energy technology.