Nitration of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in coal combustors and exhaust streams. [Determination of conditions of nitration, reactions,etc]
Nitro-polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAH) are the predominant mutagens on respirable particles from coal-fired boilers. Since nitro-PAH are not primary products of coal devolatilization, their formation must involve secondary chemistry at elevated temperatures. However, it is not known where in the combustion or exhaust processes they form, which reaction species are involved, or how concentrations are influenced by operating conditions. Results from this study will help to relate the environmental impact of mutagenic emissions to boiler firing strategies. The objectives of this three-year project are to (1) identify the conditions which promote the nitration of PAH during primary combustion, reburning, hot gas cleanup, and particulate removal; and (2) investigate the potential relationship between NO{sub x} abatement and PAH nitration. A novel coal flow reactor burning actual coal products operates over the domains of heating rates, temperatures, fuel-equivalence ratios, and residence times in utility boilers. A fluidized bed will be built for studies of simulated hot gas cleanup at lower temperatures. Gas chromatography with chemiluminescence detection will measure the aggregate amount of nitro groups present, to determine when nitro-PAH first appear, and how nitration is affected by the operating conditions. Tars from primary and secondary pyrolysis and oxidative pyrolysis will be fractionated into chain hydrocarbons, polynuclear aromatics, oxygenated species, and a basic fraction, so that their ring number distribution can be monitored with high performance liquid chromatography.
- Research Organization:
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE; USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- FG22-91PC91284
- OSTI ID:
- 7193853
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/PC/91284-T1; ON: DE93000916
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Nitration of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in coal combustors and exhaust streams. Quarterly report, January 1, 1993--March 31, 1993
Nitration of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in coal combustors and exhaust streams: Final report, September 1, 1991--September 30, 1994
Related Subjects
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
COAL
COMBUSTION
COAL TAR
FRACTIONATION
LIQUID COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY
MUTAGENS
EMISSION
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
NITRATION
BOILERS
CHEMILUMINESCENCE
FLUE GAS
FLUIDIZED BEDS
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
NUMERICAL DATA
PLANNING
PROGRESS REPORT
AROMATICS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHROMATOGRAPHY
DATA
DOCUMENT TYPES
ENERGY SOURCES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GASEOUS WASTES
HYDROCARBONS
INFORMATION
LUMINESCENCE
MATERIALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
SEPARATION PROCESSES
TAR
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
WASTES
200202* - Fossil-Fueled Power Plants- Waste Management- Noxious Gas & Particulate Emissions
400201 - Chemical & Physicochemical Properties