Demonstration of a novel technique to measure two-photon exchange effects in elastic e±p scattering

Moteabbed, Maryam; Niroula, Megh; Raue, Brian A.; Weinstein, Lawrence B.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.88.025210

Title: Demonstration of a novel technique to measure two-photon exchange effects in elastic e±p scattering

Journal Article · Fri Aug 30 00:00:00 EDT 2013 · Physical Review C, Nuclear Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.88.025210· OSTI ID:1091783

Moteabbed, Maryam ^[1]; Niroula, Megh ^[2]; Raue, Brian A. ^[1]; Weinstein, Lawrence B. ^[2]

Florida Intl Univ., Miami, FL (United States)
Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, VA (United States)

The discrepancy between proton electromagnetic form factors extracted using unpolarized and polarized scattering data is believed to be a consequence of two-photon exchange (TPE) effects. However, the calculations of TPE corrections have significant model dependence, and there is limited direct experimental evidence for such corrections. The TPE contributions depend on the sign of the lepton charge in e±p scattering, but the luminosities of secondary positron beams limited past measurement at large scattering angles, where the TPE effects are believe to be most significant. We present the results of a new experimental technique for making direct e±p comparisons, which has the potential to make precise measurements over a broad range in Q² and scattering angles. We use the Jefferson Laboratory electron beam and the Hall B photon tagger to generate a clean but untagged photon beam. The photon beam impinges on a converter foil to generate a mixed beam of electrons, positrons, and photons. A chicane is used to separate and recombine the electron and positron beams while the photon beam is stopped by a photon blocker. This provides a combined electron and positron beam, with energies from 0.5 to 3.2 GeV, which impinges on a liquid hydrogen target. The large acceptance CLAS detector is used to identify and reconstruct elastic scattering events, determining both the initial lepton energy and the sign of the scattered lepton. The data were collected in two days with a primary electron beam energy of only 3.3 GeV, limiting the data from this run to smaller values of Q² and scattering angle. Nonetheless, this measurement yields a data sample for e±p with statistics comparable to those of the best previous measurements. We have shown that we can cleanly identify elastic scattering events and correct for the difference in acceptance for electron and positron scattering. Because we ran with only one polarity for the chicane, we are unable to study the difference between the incoming electron and positron beams. This systematic effect leads to the largest uncertainty in the final ratio of positron to electron scattering: R=1.027±0.005±0.05 for < Q² >=0.206 GeV² and 0.830 ≤ ε ≤ 0.943. We have demonstrated that the tertiary e^± beam generated using this technique provides the opportunity for dramatically improved comparisons of e±p scattering, covering a significant range in both Q² and scattering angle. Combining data with different chicane polarities will allow for detailed studies of the difference between the incoming e⁺ and e^- beams.

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Research Organization:: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Contributing Organization:: CLAS Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-06OR23177

OSTI ID:: 1091783

Report Number(s):: JLAB-PHY-13-1745; DOE/OR/23177-2599; arXiv:1306.2286; TRN: US1600812

Journal Information:: Physical Review C, Nuclear Physics, Vol. 88, Issue 02; ISSN 0556-2813

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 24 works

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Subtracted dispersion relation formalism for the two-photon exchange correction to elastic electron-proton scattering: Comparison with data Tomalak, O.; Vanderhaeghen, M. The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 51, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2015-15024-1	journal	February 2015
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Subtracted dispersion relation formalism for the two-photon exchange correction to elastic electron-proton scattering: comparison with data Tomalak, O.; Vanderhaeghen, M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1408.5330	text	January 2014
Measurement of the two-photon exchange contribution to the elastic $e^{\pm}p$ scattering cross sections at the VEPP-3 storage ring Rachek, I. A.; Arrington, J.; Dmitriev, V. F. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1411.7372	text	January 2014

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