Crystalline beam in a storage ring: How long can it last?
- BIOSYM Technologies Inc., San Diego, CA (United States)
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (United States)
- Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)
The ground state of a crystalline beam in a realistic storage ring is well understood by now. No crystalline beam exists in a constant gradient storage ring, but in an alternating gradient (AG) ring crystalline beams exist at all density as long as the beam energy is smaller than the transition energy. However, since the Hamiltonian is time dependent, the total energy of the beam is not a constant of motion. As a result, the crystalline beam will gradually heat up and eventually melt if not refrigerated. Here, we show that if the frequency due to the AG lattice is lower than twice the betatron frequency, heat will transfer into the system extremely fast so that a crystalline beam can not last a meaningful period of time (except at very low density). On the other hand, if the AG lattice frequency is higher than twice the betatron frequency, the heat transfer is slow, and the -crystalline beam can last for a long time. We therefore arrive at the conclusion that in order for a crystalline beam to be conveniently observed, the storage ring should be designed such that the AG lattice frequency is as high as possible while the betatron frequency is kept as low as possible.
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-76CH00016
- OSTI ID:
- 10176951
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-49852; CONF-940618-53; ON: DE94017303
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: EPAC 94 - 4. European particle accelerator conference,London (United Kingdom),27 Jun - 1 Jul 1994; Other Information: PBD: [1994]
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Crystalline beams
Crystalline beam properties as predicted for the storage rings ASTRID and TSR