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Title: Evaluating detonation possibilities in a Hanford radioactive waste tank

Abstract

Since the early 1940s, radioactive wastes generated from the defense operations at the Hanford Site have been stored in underground waste storage tanks. During the intervening years, the waste products in some of these tanks have transformed into a potentially hazardous mixture of gases and solids as a result of radiolytic and thermal chemical reactions. One tank in particular, Tank 101-SY, has been periodically releasing high concentrations of a hydrogen/nitrous oxide/nitrogen/ ammonia gas mixture into the tank dome vapor space. There are concerns that under certain conditions a detonation of the flammable gas mixture may occur. There are two ways that a detonation can occur during a release of waste gases into the dome vapor splice: (1) direct initiation of detonation by a powerful ignition source, and (2) deflagration to detonation transition (DDT). The first case involves a strong ignition source of high energy, high power, or of large size (roughly 1 g of high explosive (4.6 kj) for a stoichiometric hydrogen-air mixture{sup 1}) to directly initiate a detonation by ``shock`` initiation. This strong ignition is thought to be incredible for in-tank ignition sources. The second process involves igniting the released waste gases, which results in a subsonic flame (deflagration)more » propagating into the unburned combustible gas. The flame accelerates to velocities that cause compression waves to form in front of the deflagration combustion wave. Shock waves may form, and the combustion process may transition to a detonation wave.« less

Authors:
; ; ;  [1];  [2]
  1. Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)
  2. California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
OSTI Identifier:
10162106
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-94-2019; CONF-931160-45
ON: DE94014291
DOE Contract Number:  
W-7405-ENG-36
Resource Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: American Nuclear Society (ANS) winter meeting,San Francisco, CA (United States),14-18 Nov 1993; Other Information: PBD: [1994]
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES; 99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS//MATHEMATICS, COMPUTING, AND INFORMATION SCIENCE; HANFORD RESERVATION; RADIOACTIVE WASTE STORAGE; GASES; DETONATIONS; TANKS; FLAMMABILITY; COMPUTER CODES; VENTILATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; IGNITION; 052002; 990200; WASTE DISPOSAL AND STORAGE; MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS

Citation Formats

Travis, J R, Fujita, R K, Ross, M C, Edwards, J N, and Shepherd, J E. Evaluating detonation possibilities in a Hanford radioactive waste tank. United States: N. p., 1994. Web.
Travis, J R, Fujita, R K, Ross, M C, Edwards, J N, & Shepherd, J E. Evaluating detonation possibilities in a Hanford radioactive waste tank. United States.
Travis, J R, Fujita, R K, Ross, M C, Edwards, J N, and Shepherd, J E. 1994. "Evaluating detonation possibilities in a Hanford radioactive waste tank". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/10162106.
@article{osti_10162106,
title = {Evaluating detonation possibilities in a Hanford radioactive waste tank},
author = {Travis, J R and Fujita, R K and Ross, M C and Edwards, J N and Shepherd, J E},
abstractNote = {Since the early 1940s, radioactive wastes generated from the defense operations at the Hanford Site have been stored in underground waste storage tanks. During the intervening years, the waste products in some of these tanks have transformed into a potentially hazardous mixture of gases and solids as a result of radiolytic and thermal chemical reactions. One tank in particular, Tank 101-SY, has been periodically releasing high concentrations of a hydrogen/nitrous oxide/nitrogen/ ammonia gas mixture into the tank dome vapor space. There are concerns that under certain conditions a detonation of the flammable gas mixture may occur. There are two ways that a detonation can occur during a release of waste gases into the dome vapor splice: (1) direct initiation of detonation by a powerful ignition source, and (2) deflagration to detonation transition (DDT). The first case involves a strong ignition source of high energy, high power, or of large size (roughly 1 g of high explosive (4.6 kj) for a stoichiometric hydrogen-air mixture{sup 1}) to directly initiate a detonation by ``shock`` initiation. This strong ignition is thought to be incredible for in-tank ignition sources. The second process involves igniting the released waste gases, which results in a subsonic flame (deflagration) propagating into the unburned combustible gas. The flame accelerates to velocities that cause compression waves to form in front of the deflagration combustion wave. Shock waves may form, and the combustion process may transition to a detonation wave.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/10162106}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 1994},
month = {Fri Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 1994}
}

Conference:
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