Operation of a Free-Electron Laser from the Extreme Ultraviolet to the Water Window
We report results on the performance of a free-electron laser operating at a wavelength of 13.7 nm where unprecedented peak and average powers for a coherent extreme-ultraviolet radiation source have been measured. In the saturation regime, the peak energy approached 170 {micro}J for individual pulses, and the average energy per pulse reached 70 {micro}J. The pulse duration was in the region of 10 fs, and peak powers of 10 GW were achieved. At a pulse repetition frequency of 700 pulses per second, the average extreme-ultraviolet power reached 20mW. The output beam also contained a significant contribution from odd harmonics of approximately 0.6% and 0.03% for the 3rd (4.6 nm) and the 5th (2.75 nm) harmonics, respectively. At 2.75 nm the 5th harmonic of the radiation reaches deep into the water window, a wavelength range that is crucially important for the investigation of biological samples.
- Research Organization:
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515
- OSTI ID:
- 921300
- Report Number(s):
- SLAC-PUB-13043; TRN: US200804%%714
- Journal Information:
- Nature Photonics 1:336-342,2007, Vol. 1
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Photoemission electron microscopy using extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulse trains
Plasma physics and radiation hydrodynamics in developing an extreme ultraviolet light source for lithography