skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Galactic Bulge Microlensing Events from the MACHO Collaboration

Abstract

The authors present a catalog of 450 relatively high signal-to-noise microlensing events observed by the MACHO collaboration between 1993 and 1999. The events are distributed throughout the fields and, as expected, they show clear concentration toward the Galactic center. No optical depth is given for this sample since no blending efficiency calculation has been performed, and they find evidence for substantial blending. In a companion paper they give optical depths for the sub-sample of events on clump giant source stars, where blending is a less significant effect. Several events with sources that may belong to the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy are identified. For these events even relatively low dispersion spectra could suffice to classify these events as either consistent with Sagittarius membership or as non-Sagittarius sources. Several unusual events, such as microlensing of periodic variable source stars, binary lens events, and an event showing extended source effects are identified. They also identify a number of contaminating background events as cataclysmic variable stars.

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »; ; ; ; « less
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
881074
Report Number(s):
UCRL-JRNL-213064
Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X; ASJOAB; TRN: US200612%%777
DOE Contract Number:  
W-7405-ENG-48
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Astrophysical Journal
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 631; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; 99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS//MATHEMATICS, COMPUTING, AND INFORMATION SCIENCE; EFFICIENCY; ERUPTIVE VARIABLE STARS; SPECTRA; STARS

Citation Formats

Thomas, C L, Griest, K, Popowski, P, Cook, K H, Drake, A J, Minniti, D, Myer, D G, Alcock, C, Allsman, R A, Alves, D R, Axelrod, T S, Becker, A C, Bennett, D P, Freeman, K C, Geha, M, Lehner, M J, Marshall, S L, Nelson, C A, Peterson, B A, Quinn, P J, Stubbs, C W, Sutherland, W, Vandehei, T, and Welch, D L. Galactic Bulge Microlensing Events from the MACHO Collaboration. United States: N. p., 2005. Web. doi:10.1086/432247.
Thomas, C L, Griest, K, Popowski, P, Cook, K H, Drake, A J, Minniti, D, Myer, D G, Alcock, C, Allsman, R A, Alves, D R, Axelrod, T S, Becker, A C, Bennett, D P, Freeman, K C, Geha, M, Lehner, M J, Marshall, S L, Nelson, C A, Peterson, B A, Quinn, P J, Stubbs, C W, Sutherland, W, Vandehei, T, & Welch, D L. Galactic Bulge Microlensing Events from the MACHO Collaboration. United States. https://doi.org/10.1086/432247
Thomas, C L, Griest, K, Popowski, P, Cook, K H, Drake, A J, Minniti, D, Myer, D G, Alcock, C, Allsman, R A, Alves, D R, Axelrod, T S, Becker, A C, Bennett, D P, Freeman, K C, Geha, M, Lehner, M J, Marshall, S L, Nelson, C A, Peterson, B A, Quinn, P J, Stubbs, C W, Sutherland, W, Vandehei, T, and Welch, D L. 2005. "Galactic Bulge Microlensing Events from the MACHO Collaboration". United States. https://doi.org/10.1086/432247. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/881074.
@article{osti_881074,
title = {Galactic Bulge Microlensing Events from the MACHO Collaboration},
author = {Thomas, C L and Griest, K and Popowski, P and Cook, K H and Drake, A J and Minniti, D and Myer, D G and Alcock, C and Allsman, R A and Alves, D R and Axelrod, T S and Becker, A C and Bennett, D P and Freeman, K C and Geha, M and Lehner, M J and Marshall, S L and Nelson, C A and Peterson, B A and Quinn, P J and Stubbs, C W and Sutherland, W and Vandehei, T and Welch, D L},
abstractNote = {The authors present a catalog of 450 relatively high signal-to-noise microlensing events observed by the MACHO collaboration between 1993 and 1999. The events are distributed throughout the fields and, as expected, they show clear concentration toward the Galactic center. No optical depth is given for this sample since no blending efficiency calculation has been performed, and they find evidence for substantial blending. In a companion paper they give optical depths for the sub-sample of events on clump giant source stars, where blending is a less significant effect. Several events with sources that may belong to the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy are identified. For these events even relatively low dispersion spectra could suffice to classify these events as either consistent with Sagittarius membership or as non-Sagittarius sources. Several unusual events, such as microlensing of periodic variable source stars, binary lens events, and an event showing extended source effects are identified. They also identify a number of contaminating background events as cataclysmic variable stars.},
doi = {10.1086/432247},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/881074}, journal = {Astrophysical Journal},
issn = {0004-637X},
number = 2,
volume = 631,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jun 16 00:00:00 EDT 2005},
month = {Thu Jun 16 00:00:00 EDT 2005}
}

Works referenced in this record:

The Telescope System of the MACHO Program
journal, February 1996


Studying the Galactic Bulge through Spectroscopy of Microlensed Sources. II. Observations
journal, January 2003


DOPHOT, a CCD photometry program: Description and tests
journal, July 1993


Preliminary abundance analysis of galactic bulge main sequence, subgiant, and giant branch stars observed during microlensing with Keck/HIRES
conference, February 2003


Polaris: Amplitude, Period Change, and Companions
journal, March 2002


The Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy Survey (SDGS) -- II. The stellar content and constraints on the star formation history
journal, August 1999


Gravitational Microlensing and the Structure of the Inner Milky Way
journal, January 1999


First Detection of the Red Giant Branch Bump in the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
journal, October 2002


Gravitational Microlensing Events Due to Stellar‐Mass Black Holes
journal, November 2002


The MACHO Project: Microlensing Results from 5.7 Years of Large Magellanic Cloud Observations
journal, October 2000


The MACHO Project: 45 Candidate Microlensing Events from the First Year Galactic Bulge Data
journal, April 1997


The microlensing optical depth of the COBEbulge
journal, August 1997


An Inner Ring and the Microlensing toward the Bulge
journal, August 2001


Measuring the Remnant Mass Function of the Galactic Bulge
journal, June 2000


Microlensing Optical Depth toward the Galactic Bulge Using Clump Giants from the MACHO Survey
journal, October 2005


Real-Time Detection and Multisite Observations of Gravitational Microlensing
journal, June 1996


Gravitational microlensing by the galactic halo
journal, May 1986


Galactic microlensing as a method of detecting massive compact halo objects
journal, January 1991


Discovering planetary systems through gravitational microlenses
journal, September 1992


On the microlensing optical depth of the Galactic bar
journal, December 1996


Binary Microlensing Events from the MACHO Project
journal, September 2000


Gravitational microlensing of the Galactic bulge stars
journal, August 1994


Microlensing by the galactic bar
journal, February 1995


The Sagittarius dwarf galaxy as a microlensing target
journal, April 2001


The Use of High‐Magnification Microlensing Events in Discovering Extrasolar Planets
journal, June 1998


Possible gravitational microlensing of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud
journal, October 1993


Evidence for gravitational microlensing by dark objects in the Galactic halo
journal, October 1993


On Planetary Companions to the MACHO 98‐BLG‐35 Microlens Star
journal, April 2000


32-megapixel dual-color CCD imaging system
conference, July 1993

  • Stubbs, Christopher W.; Marshall, Stuart L.; Cook, Kenneth H.
  • IS&T/SPIE's Symposium on Electronic Imaging: Science and Technology, SPIE Proceedings
  • https://doi.org/10.1117/12.148597

Microlensing Constraints on the Frequency of Jupiter‐Mass Companions: Analysis of 5 Years of PLANET Photometry
journal, February 2002


Bulge microlensing optical depth from EROS 2 observations $^{\bullet}$
journal, May 2003


The Large-Scale Extinction Map of the Galactic Bulge from the MACHO Project Photometry
journal, December 2003


Gravitational microlensing by double stars and planetary systems
journal, June 1991


The MACHO Project: Microlensing Optical Depth toward the Galactic Bulge from Difference Image Analysis
journal, October 2000


Gravitational Microlensing by a Galactic Bar
journal, August 1995


Microlensing in the Galactic Bulge: Effects of the Disk behind the Bulge
journal, April 1999


Gravitational microlensing of the Galactic bulge stars
journal, April 1991


Sagittarius: the nearest dwarf galaxy
journal, December 1995


Direct detection of a microlens in the Milky Way
journal, December 2001


Calibration of the MACHO Photometry Database
journal, December 1999

  • Alcock, C.; Allsman, R. A.; Alves, D. R.
  • Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 111, Issue 766
  • https://doi.org/10.1086/316469

Is Galactic Structure Compatible with Microlensing Data?
journal, July 2000


Gravitational microlensing as a method of detecting disk dark matter and faint disk stars
journal, May 1991


Stellar Contribution to the Galactic Bulge Microlensing Optical Depth
journal, July 2003