Intelligent emissions controller for substance injection in the post-primary combustion zone of fossil-fired boilers
- Western Springs, IL
- Willowbrook, IL
- Downers Grove, IL
- Pittsburgh, PA
The control of emissions from fossil-fired boilers wherein an injection of substances above the primary combustion zone employs multi-layer feedforward artificial neural networks for modeling static nonlinear relationships between the distribution of injected substances into the upper region of the furnace and the emissions exiting the furnace. Multivariable nonlinear constrained optimization algorithms use the mathematical expressions from the artificial neural networks to provide the optimal substance distribution that minimizes emission levels for a given total substance injection rate. Based upon the optimal operating conditions from the optimization algorithms, the incremental substance cost per unit of emissions reduction, and the open-market price per unit of emissions reduction, the intelligent emissions controller allows for the determination of whether it is more cost-effective to achieve additional increments in emission reduction through the injection of additional substance or through the purchase of emission credits on the open market. This is of particular interest to fossil-fired electrical power plant operators. The intelligent emission controller is particularly adapted for determining the economical control of such pollutants as oxides of nitrogen (NO.sub.x) and carbon monoxide (CO) emitted by fossil-fired boilers by the selective introduction of multiple inputs of substances (such as natural gas, ammonia, oil, water-oil emulsion, coal-water slurry and/or urea, and combinations of these substances) above the primary combustion zone of fossil-fired boilers.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-31109-ENG-38
- Assignee:
- The University of Chicago (Chicago, IL); Energy Sustems Associates (Pittsburgh, PA)
- Patent Number(s):
- US 6507774
- OSTI ID:
- 874994
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
emissions
controller
substance
injection
post-primary
combustion
zone
fossil-fired
boilers
control
substances
primary
employs
multi-layer
feedforward
artificial
neural
networks
modeling
static
nonlinear
relationships
distribution
injected
upper
region
furnace
exiting
multivariable
constrained
optimization
algorithms
mathematical
expressions
provide
optimal
minimizes
emission
levels
total
rate
based
operating
conditions
incremental
cost
unit
reduction
open-market
price
allows
determination
cost-effective
achieve
additional
increments
purchase
credits
market
electrical
power
plant
operators
adapted
determining
economical
pollutants
oxides
nitrogen
nosubx
carbon
monoxide
emitted
selective
introduction
multiple
inputs
natural
gas
ammonia
oil
water-oil
emulsion
coal-water
slurry
andor
urea
combinations
carbon monoxide
combustion zone
electrical power
power plant
natural gas
primary combustion
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