Viscosity, electrical conductivity, and cesium volatility of ORNL (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) vitrified soils with limestone and sodium additives
Engineering- and pilot-scale tests of the in situ vitrification (ISV) process have been conducted for Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to successfully demonstrate the feasibility of applying ISV to seepage trenches and pits at ORNL. These sites contain soil that overlies crushed limestone fill; therefore, the ISV process is applied to a soil-limestone mixture. Previous testing indicated that while a good retention level of {sup 137}Cs and {sup 90}Sr was achieved in the melt, it would be desirable to improve {sup 137}Cs retention to 99.99% if possible to minimize activity in the off-gas system. Previous testing was limited to one soil-limestone composition. Both Cs volatility and ISV power requirements are in part dependent on melt temperature and viscosity, which depend on melt composition. The study described in this report determined the effect of varying soil and limestone compositions, as well as the addition of a sodium flux, on melt viscosity, electrical conductivity, and Cs volatility. 10 refs., 15 figs., 9 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOE/EH
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 6820380
- Report Number(s):
- PNL-7331; ON: DE90011774; TRN: 90-020042
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
CESIUM 137
VOLATILITY
ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
LIMESTONE
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
LOW-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTES
VITRIFICATION
SOILS
VISCOSITY
ADDITIVES
COMPILED DATA
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IN-SITU PROCESSING
OFF-GAS SYSTEMS
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ALKALI METAL ISOTOPES
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ALKALINE EARTH ISOTOPES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
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CARBONATE ROCKS
CESIUM ISOTOPES
DATA
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
ELEMENTS
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
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MATERIALS
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NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
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US AEC
US DOE
US ERDA
US ORGANIZATIONS
WASTES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
052001* - Nuclear Fuels- Waste Processing
360603 - Materials- Properties