Kraft black liquor delivery systems
Improvement of spray nozzles for black liquor injection into kraft recovery furnaces is expected to result from obtaining a controlled, well-defined droplet size distribution. Work this year has centered on defining the capabilities of commercial black liquor nozzles currently in use. Considerations of the observed mechanism of droplet formation suggest a major revision is needed in the theory of how droplets form from these nozzles. High resolution, high sensitivity video has been shown to be superior to flash x-ray as a technique for measuring the droplet size distribution as well as the formation history. An environmentally sound spray facility capable of spraying black liquor at temperatures up to normal firing conditions is being constructed before data acquisition continues. Preliminary correlations have been developed between liquor properties, nozzle design, and droplet size. Three aspects of nozzle design have been investigated: droplet size distribution, fluid sheet thickness, and flow and pressure drop characteristics. The standard deviation about the median droplet size for black liquor is nearly the same as the for a wide variety of other fluids and nozzle types. Preliminary correlation for fluid sheet thickness on the plate of a splashplate nozzle show the strong similarities of black liquor to other fluids. The flow and pressure drop characteristic of black liquor nozzle, follow a simple two-term relationship similar to other flow devices. This means that in routine mill operation of black liquor nozzles only the fluid acceleration in the nozzle is important, viscous losses are quiet small. 21 refs., 53 figs., 10 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Atlanta, GA (USA). Chemical Recovery Group
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOE/CE
- DOE Contract Number:
- FC02-88CE40839
- OSTI ID:
- 6523033
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/CE/40839-T2; ON: DE91000891
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Investigation of Pressurized Entrained-Flow Kraft Black Liquor Gasification in an Industrially Relevant Environment
Research on droplet formation for application to Kraft black liquors. Technical report No. 1
Related Subjects
09 BIOMASS FUELS
BLACK LIQUIDS
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
BOILER FUELS
BOILERS
COMBUSTION
DROPLETS
FURNACES
NOZZLES
PAPER INDUSTRY
PROGRESS REPORT
SPRAYS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DOCUMENT TYPES
FLUIDS
FUELS
INDUSTRY
LIQUIDS
OXIDATION
PARTICLES
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
WOOD PRODUCTS INDUSTRY
320305* - Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization- Industrial & Agricultural Processes- Industrial Waste Management
092000 - Biomass Fuels- Combustion- (1990-)