Correlation of radioactive-waste-treatment costs and the environmental impact of waste effluents in the nuclear fuel cycle: conversion of yellow cake to uranium hexafluoride. Part II. The solvent extraction-fluorination process
A cost/benefit study was made to determine the cost and effectiveness of radioactive waste (radwaste) treatment systems for decreasing the release of radioactive materials and chemicals from a model uranium hexafluoride (UF/sub 6/) production plant using the solvent extraction-fluorination process, and to evaluate the radiological impact (dose commitment) of the release materials on the environment. The model plant processes 10,000 metric tons of uranium per year. Base-case waste treatment is the minimum necessary to operate the process. Effluents meet the radiological requirements listed in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10, Part 20 (10 CFR 20), Appendix B, Table II, but may not be acceptable chemically at all sites. Additional radwaste treatment techniques are applied to the base-case plant in a series of case studies to decrease the amounts of radioactive materials released and to reduce the amounts of radioactive materials released and to reduce the radiological dose commitment to the population in the surrounding area. The costs for the added waste treatment operations and the corresponding dose committment are correlated with the annual cost for treatment of the radwastes. The status of the radwaste treatment methods used in the case studies is discussed. Much of the technology used in the advanced cases will require development and demonstration, or else is proprietary and unavailable for immediate use. The methodology and assumptions for the radiological doses are found in ORNL-4992.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-26
- OSTI ID:
- 6352309
- Report Number(s):
- ORNL/TM-8602; ON: DE83009781
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Portions are illegible in microfiche products. Original copy available until stock is exhausted
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS
FEED MATERIALS PLANTS
CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
RADIATION HAZARDS
RADIOACTIVE EFFLUENTS
RADIOACTIVE WASTE PROCESSING
COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
CORRELATIONS
FLUORINATION
GASEOUS WASTES
LIQUID WASTES
RADIATION DOSES
RADIUM 226
SOLID WASTES
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
THORIUM 230
URANIUM HEXAFLUORIDE
URANIUM OXIDES U3O8
ACTINIDE COMPOUNDS
ACTINIDE ISOTOPES
ACTINIDE NUCLEI
ALKALINE EARTH ISOTOPES
ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DOSES
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
EXTRACTION
FLUORIDES
FLUORINE COMPOUNDS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HALOGENATION
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
HEAVY NUCLEI
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
ISOTOPES
MANAGEMENT
MATERIALS
NUCLEAR FACILITIES
NUCLEI
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PROCESSING
RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS
RADIOACTIVE WASTES
RADIOISOTOPES
RADIUM ISOTOPES
SEPARATION PROCESSES
THORIUM ISOTOPES
URANIUM COMPOUNDS
URANIUM FLUORIDES
URANIUM OXIDES
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WASTES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
052001* - Nuclear Fuels- Waste Processing
050400 - Nuclear Fuels- Feed Processing
053000 - Nuclear Fuels- Environmental Aspects
054000 - Nuclear Fuels- Health & Safety