skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Theory of the tune shift due to linear coupling

Technical Report ·
DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/5611334· OSTI ID:5611334

The presence of skew quadrupole fields will linearly couple the x and y motions. The x and y motion can then be written as the sum of two normal modes which have the tunes {nu}{sub 1},{nu}{sub 2}, in the absence of the skew quadrupole fields. New beta functions, {Beta}{sub 1} and {Beta}{sub 2}, can be defined which are the beta functions of the normal modes and which are different from {Beta}{sub x} and {Beta}{sub y}, the beta functions of the unperturbed accelerator. This paper presents analytical perturbation theory results for {nu}{sub 1},{nu}{sub 2}. The results for {nu}{sub 1},{nu}{sub 2} are first found correct to lowest order in the skew quadrupole fields. The results for {nu}{sub 1},{nu}{sub 2} are then carried one step further to include the next higher order terms in the skew quadrupole fields. Results for {Beta}{sub 1},{Beta}{sub 2} will be given in a future paper. These analytical results show that for the higher order shift in tune the important harmonics of the skew quadrupole field are the harmonics near {nu}{sub x} + {nu}{sub y}. However the harmonics closest to {nu}{sub x} + {nu}{sub y} do not contribute to the higher order tune splitting, {vert bar}{nu}{sub 1}{minus}{nu}{sub 2}{vert bar}, as they shift {nu}{sub 1} and {nu}{sub 2} about equally. This results in lack of a dominant harmonic for the higher order contribution of {vert bar}{nu}{sub 1}{minus}{nu}{sub 2}{vert bar}, which complicates the understanding and correction of the higher order contribution to {vert bar}{nu}{sub 1}{minus}{nu}{sub 1}{vert bar}. Analytical results are found for the residual tune splitting which is the {vert bar}{nu}{sub 1}{minus}{nu}{sub 2}{vert bar} that remains after the driving term of the nearby difference resonance has been corrected. 4 refs.

Research Organization:
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
DOE Contract Number:
AC02-76CH00016
OSTI ID:
5611334
Report Number(s):
BNL-46415; AD/RHIC-100; ON: DE91015845; TRN: 91-021613
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English