Design of fluidized-bed, biological denitrification systems
Many commercial processes yield nitrate-containing wastewaters that are being discharged to the environment because traditional recovery or disposal methods are economically unacceptable. The anticipated discharge limits (i.e., 10 to 20 g (NO/sub 3//sup -/)/m/sup 3/) being considered by many states will not allow continued release of these wastewaters. The new discharge standards can be met economically by use of the fluidizied-bed, biological denitrification process. Research and development studies were conducted with 0.05-, 0.10-, 0.20-, and 0.50-m-diam fluidized-bed bioreactor systems. Feed nitrate concentrations were in the 0 to 10,000 g (NO/sub 3//sup -/)/m/sup 3/ range. Using the data from these studies, rate expressions were developed for the destruction of nitrate as a function of nitrate concentration. Methods were also developed for sizing bioreactors and biomass control systems. The sizing methods for fluidized-bed denitrification systems are described, and support systems such as sampling and analysis, instrumentation and controls, utilities, and bacteria storage are discussed. Operation of the process is also briefly discussed to aid the designer. Using the methods presented in this report, fluidized-bed, biological denitrification systems can be designed to treat nitrate wastewater streams.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-26
- OSTI ID:
- 5608565
- Report Number(s):
- ORNL/TM-7628; ON: DE82007131; TRN: 82-008241
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
CHEMICAL REACTORS
DESIGN
FLOWSHEETS
NITRATES
BIODEGRADATION
DENITRIFICATION
WASTE WATER
WATER TREATMENT
ECONOMICS
BACTERIA
EUTROPHICATION
FLUIDIZED BED
HEALTH HAZARDS
NUTRIENTS
POLLUTION REGULATIONS
US EPA
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DECOMPOSITION
DIAGRAMS
HAZARDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
LIQUID WASTES
MICROORGANISMS
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
REGULATIONS
US ORGANIZATIONS
WASTES
WATER
520200* - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)