Design and development of a split-evaporator heat-pump system

Technical Report · Tue Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 1981

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/5512305· OSTI ID:5512305

Somerville, M. H.; Penoncello, S. G.

The designs and experimental results of three types of multiple source heat pumps are presented. The three designs are the parallel evaporator, the series evaporator, and the parallel evaporator with active subcooling, with the parallel evaporator with the active subcooling showing the most promise for solving the problem of defrosting of air evaporators. Three design procedures for multiple source heat pumps were developed. One of these is a hand calculational procedure, the others are computer based. The models are based upon the refrigerant flow rate, rather than the refrigeration effect of the evaporator. The technical results of a detailed analytical and experimental model of the heat transfer rates on a flat plate ice maker are presented. It is shown, both analytically and experimentally, that the temperature of the air surrounding the flat plate ice maker can play a dominant role in the rate of ice formation. A detailed weather analysis for forty cities located throughout the nation was completed. These data were processed to allow easy computation of thermal storage requirements for full, partial, or minimum ACES systems, or upon other design requirements, such as off-peak air conditioning. The results of an innovative ice storage system that is thermally coupled to the earth are described. This system has the potential for meeting both the off-peak air conditioning needs and the thermal storage requirements for the heating cycle. An economic and energy comparison of multiple source heat pumps with ACES, and air-to-air heat pump systems is presented.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); North Dakota Univ., Grand Forks (USA). Engineering Experiment Station
• DOE Contract Number: W-7405-ENG-26
• OSTI ID: 5512305
• Report Number(s): ORNL/Sub-7434/1; ON: DE82007112
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
ECONOMICS
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ANNUAL CYCLE ENERGY SYSTEM
HEAT PUMPS
COEFFICIENT OF PERFORMANCE
DESIGN
EVAPORATORS
AIR CONDITIONING
CALCULATORS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
COMPRESSORS
COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN
COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION
CONDENSERS
COOLING LOAD
DATA ANALYSIS
DEGREE DAYS
ENTHALPY
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FLOW RATE
GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
HEAT TRANSFER
HEATING LOAD
ICE
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
OFF-PEAK POWER
PRESSURE DROP
REFRIGERANTS
SIZING
TEST FACILITIES
TESTING
THERMAL ANALYSIS
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WEATHER
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EFFICIENCY
ELECTRIC POWER
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FLUIDS
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