Radioactive waste management and plutonium recovery within the context of the development of nuclear energy in Russia

Kushnikov, V

Title: Radioactive waste management and plutonium recovery within the context of the development of nuclear energy in Russia

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Abstract

The Russian strategy for radioactive waste and plutonium management is based on the concept of the closed fuel cycle that has been adopted in Russia, and, to a great degree, falls under the jurisdiction of the existing Russian nuclear energy structures. From its very beginning, Russian atomic energy policy was based on finding the most effective method of developing the new fuel direction with the maximum possible utilization of the energy potential from the fission of heavy atoms and the achievement of fuel self-sufficiency through the recycling of secondary fuel. Although there can be no doubt about the importance of economic considerations (for the future), concerns for the safety of the environment are currently of the utmost importance. In this context, spent NPP fuel can be viewed as a waste to be buried only if there is persuasive evidence that such an approach is both economically and environmentally sound. The production of I GW of energy per year is accompanied by the accumulation of up to 800-1000 kg of highly radioactive fission products and approximately 250 kg of plutonium. Currently, spent fuel from the VVER 100 and the RBNK reactors contains approximately 25 tons of plutonium. There is an additionalmore »« less

Authors:

Kushnikov, V ^[1]

V.G. Khlopin Radium Institute, St. Petersburg (Russian Federation)

Publication Date:: Wed May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1996

Research Org.:: US Department of Energy (USDOE), Washington DC (United States)

OSTI Identifier:: 420642

Report Number(s):: CONF-951259-
ON: DE96011798; TRN: 97:002125

Resource Type:: Conference

Resource Relation:: Conference: Plutonium stabilization and immobilization workshop, Washington, DC (United States), 12-14 Dec 1995; Other Information: PBD: May 1996; Related Information: Is Part Of US Department of Energy Plutonium Stabilization and Immobilization Workshop, December 12-14, 1995: Final proceedings; PB: 474 p.

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 05 NUCLEAR FUELS; PLUTONIUM; RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT; HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTES; AMERICIUM; ENERGY POLICY; FISSION PRODUCTS; FUEL CYCLE; REPROCESSING; RECYCLING; SPENT FUELS; STABILIZATION; RUSSIAN FEDERATION

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                    Kushnikov, V. Radioactive waste management and plutonium recovery within the context of the development of nuclear energy in Russia.  United States: N. p., 1996. 
        Web.

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                    Kushnikov, V. Radioactive waste management and plutonium recovery within the context of the development of nuclear energy in Russia.  United States.

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                    Kushnikov, V. 1996.  
        "Radioactive waste management and plutonium recovery within the context of the development of nuclear energy in Russia".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/420642.

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@article{osti_420642,

  title        = {Radioactive waste management and plutonium recovery within the context of the development of nuclear energy in Russia},

  author       = {Kushnikov, V},

  abstractNote = {The Russian strategy for radioactive waste and plutonium management is based on the concept of the closed fuel cycle that has been adopted in Russia, and, to a great degree, falls under the jurisdiction of the existing Russian nuclear energy structures. From its very beginning, Russian atomic energy policy was based on finding the most effective method of developing the new fuel direction with the maximum possible utilization of the energy potential from the fission of heavy atoms and the achievement of fuel self-sufficiency through the recycling of secondary fuel. Although there can be no doubt about the importance of economic considerations (for the future), concerns for the safety of the environment are currently of the utmost importance. In this context, spent NPP fuel can be viewed as a waste to be buried only if there is persuasive evidence that such an approach is both economically and environmentally sound. The production of I GW of energy per year is accompanied by the accumulation of up to 800-1000 kg of highly radioactive fission products and approximately 250 kg of plutonium. Currently, spent fuel from the VVER 100 and the RBNK reactors contains approximately 25 tons of plutonium. There is an additional 30 tons of fuel-grade plutonium in the form of purified oxide, separated from spent fuels used in VVER440 reactors and other power production facilities, as well as approximately 100 tons of weapons-grade plutonium from dismantled warheads. The spent fuel accumulates significant amounts of small actinoids - neptunium americium, and curium. Science and technology have not yet found technical solutions for safe and secure burial of non-reprocessed spent fuel with such a broad range of products, which are typically highly radioactive and will continue to pose a threat for hundreds of thousands of years.},

  doi          = {},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/420642},
  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1996},

  month        = {Wed May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1996}

}

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