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Title: Compatibility of materials with liquid metal targets for SNS

Abstract

Several heavy liquid metals are candidates as the target in a spallation neutron source: Hg, Pb, Bi, and Pb-Bi eutectic. Systems with these liquid metals have been used in the past and a data-base on compatibility already exists. Two major compatibility issues have been identified when selecting a container material for these liquid metals: temperature gradient mass transfer and liquid metal embrittlement or LME. Temperature gradient mass transfer refers to dissolution of material from the high temperature portions of a system and its deposition in the lower temperature areas. Solution and deposition rate constants along with temperature, {Delta}T, and velocity are usually the most important parameters. For most candidate materials mass transfer corrosion has been found to be proportionately worse in Bi compared with Hg and Pb. For temperatures to {approx}550{degrees}C, ferritic/martensitic steels have been satisfactory in Pb or Hg systems and the maximum temperature can be extended to {approx}650{degrees}C with additions of inhibitors to the liquid metal, e.g. Mg, Ti, Zr. Above {approx}600{degrees}C, austenitic stainless steels have been reported to be unsatisfactory, largely because of the mass transfer of nickel. Blockage of flow from deposition of material is usually the life-limiting effect of this type of corrosion. However, massmore » transfer corrosion at lower temperatures has not been studied. At low temperatures (usually < 150{degrees}C), LME has been reported for some liquid metal/container alloy combinations. Liquid metal embrittlement, like hydrogen embrittlement, results in brittle fracture of a normally ductile material.« less

Authors:
; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
OSTI Identifier:
381048
Report Number(s):
CONF-9603171-
ON: DE96014047; TRN: 96:005200-0011
Resource Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: International workshop on the technology and thermo hydrolics of heavy liquid metals (Hg,Pb,Bi, and their Eutectics), Schruns (Austria), 25-28 Mar 1996; Other Information: PBD: Jun 1996; Related Information: Is Part Of Proceedings of the international workshop on the technology and thermal hydraulics of heavy liquid metals (Hg, Pb, Bi, and their eutectics); Appleton, B.R.; Bauer, G.S. [comp.]; PB: 500 p.
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCE TECHNOLOGY; LIQUID METALS; COMPATIBILITY; STEELS; EMBRITTLEMENT; MASS TRANSFER; BISMUTH; LEAD; MERCURY; CORROSION; NEUTRON SOURCE FACILITIES; ION BEAM TARGETS; MECHANICAL STRUCTURES

Citation Formats

DiStefano, J R, Pawel, S J, and DeVan, J H. Compatibility of materials with liquid metal targets for SNS. United States: N. p., 1996. Web.
DiStefano, J R, Pawel, S J, & DeVan, J H. Compatibility of materials with liquid metal targets for SNS. United States.
DiStefano, J R, Pawel, S J, and DeVan, J H. 1996. "Compatibility of materials with liquid metal targets for SNS". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/381048.
@article{osti_381048,
title = {Compatibility of materials with liquid metal targets for SNS},
author = {DiStefano, J R and Pawel, S J and DeVan, J H},
abstractNote = {Several heavy liquid metals are candidates as the target in a spallation neutron source: Hg, Pb, Bi, and Pb-Bi eutectic. Systems with these liquid metals have been used in the past and a data-base on compatibility already exists. Two major compatibility issues have been identified when selecting a container material for these liquid metals: temperature gradient mass transfer and liquid metal embrittlement or LME. Temperature gradient mass transfer refers to dissolution of material from the high temperature portions of a system and its deposition in the lower temperature areas. Solution and deposition rate constants along with temperature, {Delta}T, and velocity are usually the most important parameters. For most candidate materials mass transfer corrosion has been found to be proportionately worse in Bi compared with Hg and Pb. For temperatures to {approx}550{degrees}C, ferritic/martensitic steels have been satisfactory in Pb or Hg systems and the maximum temperature can be extended to {approx}650{degrees}C with additions of inhibitors to the liquid metal, e.g. Mg, Ti, Zr. Above {approx}600{degrees}C, austenitic stainless steels have been reported to be unsatisfactory, largely because of the mass transfer of nickel. Blockage of flow from deposition of material is usually the life-limiting effect of this type of corrosion. However, mass transfer corrosion at lower temperatures has not been studied. At low temperatures (usually < 150{degrees}C), LME has been reported for some liquid metal/container alloy combinations. Liquid metal embrittlement, like hydrogen embrittlement, results in brittle fracture of a normally ductile material.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/381048}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1996},
month = {Sat Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1996}
}

Conference:
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