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Title: Conditionally Rare Taxa Disproportionately Contribute to Temporal Changes in Microbial Diversity

Journal Article · · mBio (Online)
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7]
  1. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
  2. Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN (United States)
  3. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States)
  4. Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)
  5. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boulder, CO (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
  6. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
  7. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States)

Microbial communities typically contain many rare taxa that make up the majority of the observed membership, yet the contribution of this microbial “rare biosphere” to community dynamics is unclear. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of 3,237 samples from 42 time series of microbial communities from nine different ecosystems (air; marine; lake; stream; adult human skin, tongue, and gut; infant gut; and brewery wastewater treatment), we introduce a new method to detect typically rare microbial taxa that occasionally become very abundant (conditionally rare taxa [CRT]) and then quantify their contributions to temporal shifts in community structure. We discovered that CRT made up 1.5 to 28% of the community membership, represented a broad diversity of bacterial and archaeal lineages, and explained large amounts of temporal community dissimilarity (i.e., up to 97% of Bray-Curtis dissimilarity). Most of the CRT were detected at multiple time points, though we also identified “one-hit wonder” CRT that were observed at only one time point. Using a case study from a temperate lake, we gained additional insights into the ecology of CRT by comparing routine community time series to large disturbance events. Our results reveal that many rare taxa contribute a greater amount to microbial community dynamics than is apparent from their low proportional abundances. In conclusion, this observation was true across a wide range of ecosystems, indicating that these rare taxa are essential for understanding community changes over time.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; Argonne National Laboratory
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1392633
Journal Information:
mBio (Online), Vol. 5, Issue 4; ISSN 2150-7511
Publisher:
American Society for MicrobiologyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 426 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Vertical and Seasonal Patterns Control Bacterioplankton Communities at Two Horizontally Coherent Coastal Upwelling Sites off Galicia (NW Spain) journal April 2018
Soil microbial species loss affects plant biomass and survival of an introduced bacterial strain, but not inducible plant defences journal January 2018
Challenges and Approaches in Microbiome Research: From Fundamental to Applied journal August 2018
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Dynamic linear models guide design and analysis of microbiota studies within artificial human guts journal January 2018
A unique assemblage of cosmopolitan freshwater bacteria and higher community diversity differentiate an urbanized estuary from oligotrophic Lake Michigan journal September 2015
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