Bi-alkali antimonide photocathode growth: An X-ray diffraction study

Schubert, Susanne; Wong, Jared; Feng, Jun; Karkare, Siddharth; Padmore, Howard; Ruiz-Osés, Miguel; Smedley, John; Muller, Erik; Ding, Zihao; Gaowei, Mengjia; Attenkofer, Klaus; Liang, Xue; Xie, Junqi; Kühn, Julius

doi:10.1063/1.4959218

Title: Bi-alkali antimonide photocathode growth: An X-ray diffraction study

Journal Article · Thu Jul 21 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Journal of Applied Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4959218· OSTI ID:1379526

Schubert, Susanne ^[1]; Wong, Jared ^[2];

^[2]; Karkare, Siddharth ^[2]; Padmore, Howard ^[2]; Ruiz-Osés, Miguel ^[3]; Smedley, John ^[3]; Muller, Erik ^[3]; Ding, Zihao ^[3]; Gaowei, Mengjia ^[3];

^[3];

^[3]; Xie, Junqi ^[4]; Kühn, Julius ^[5]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB), (Germany)

Bi-alkali antimonide photocathodes are one of the best known sources of electrons for high current and/or high bunch charge applications like Energy Recovery Linacs or Free Electron Lasers. Despite their high quantum efficiency in visible light and low intrinsic emittance, the surface roughness of these photocathodes prohibits their use as low emittance cathodes in high accelerating gradient superconducting and normal conducting radio frequency photoguns and limits the minimum possible intrinsic emittance near the threshold. Also, the growth process for these materials is largely based on recipes obtained by trial and error and is very unreliable. In this paper, using X-ray diffraction, we investigate the different structural and chemical changes that take place during the growth process of the bi-alkali antimonide material K 2 CsSb. Our measurements give us a deeper understanding of the growth process of alkali-antimonide photocathodes allowing us to optimize it with the goal of minimizing the surface roughness to preserve the intrinsic emittance at high electric fields and increasing its reproducibility.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; KC0407-ALSJNT-I0013; DMR-0936384; DMR-1332208; AC02-98CH10886

OSTI ID:: 1379526

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1267527

Journal Information:: Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 120, Issue 3; ISSN 0021-8979

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 18 works

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References (15)

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Cited By (2)

Perspectives on Designer Photocathodes for X-ray Free-Electron Lasers: Influencing Emission Properties with Heterostructures and Nanoengineered Electronic States Moody, Nathan A.; Jensen, Kevin L.; Shabaev, Andrew Physical Review Applied, Vol. 10, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.10.047002	journal	October 2018
Electronic structure and core electron fingerprints of caesium-based multi-alkali antimonides for ultra-bright electron sources Cocchi, Caterina; Mistry, Sonal; Schmeißer, Martin Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54419-0	journal	December 2019

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