Anomalous density and elastic properties of basalt at high pressure: Reevaluating of the effect of melt fraction on seismic velocity in the Earth's crust and upper mantle

Clark, Alisha N.; Lesher, Charles E.; Jacobsen, Steven D.; Wang, Yanbin

doi:10.1002/2016JB012973

Title: Anomalous density and elastic properties of basalt at high pressure: Reevaluating of the effect of melt fraction on seismic velocity in the Earth's crust and upper mantle

Journal Article · Mon Jun 27 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB012973· OSTI ID:1379194

Clark, Alisha N. ^[1]; Lesher, Charles E. ^[2]; Jacobsen, Steven D. ^[3]; Wang, Yanbin ^[4]

Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States). Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris (France). Inst. of Mineralogy, Physics of Materials and Cosmo-chemistry
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States). Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Aarhus Univ. (Denmark). Dept. of Geoscience
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Center for Advanced Radiation Sources

Independent measurements of the volumetric and elastic properties of Columbia River basalt glass were made up to 5.5 GPa by high-pressure X-ray microtomography and GHz-ultrasonic interferometry, respectively. The Columbia River basalt displays P and S wave velocity minima at 4.5 and 5 GPa, respectively, violating Birch’s law. These data constrain the pressure dependence of the density and elastic moduli at high pressure, which cannot be modeled through usual equations of state nor determined by stepwise integrating the bulk sound velocity as is common practice. We propose a systematic variation in compression behavior of silicate glasses that is dependent on the degree of polymerization and arises from the flexibility of the aluminosilicate network. Likewise, this behavior likely persists into the liquid state for basaltic melts resulting in weak pressure dependence for P wave velocities perhaps to depths of the transition zone. By modeling the effect of partial melt on P wave velocity reductions it is suggested that melt fraction determined by seismic velocity variations may be significantly overestimated in the crust and upper mantle.

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Research Organization:: Carnegie Inst. of Science, Washington, DC (United States). Geophysical Lab.

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0002006; FG02-94ER14466; AC02-06CH11357; EAR-1215714; EAR-1452344; EAR-1214376; EAR-1128799

OSTI ID:: 1379194

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, Vol. 121, Issue 6; ISSN 2169-9313

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 23 works

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