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Title: Thermal analysis of calcium sulfate dihydrate sources used to manufacture gypsum wallboard

Abstract

Gypsum wallboard has been used for over 100 years as a barrier to the spread of fire in residential and commercial structures. The gypsum molecule, CaSO4·2H2O, provides two crystalline waters that are released upon heating providing an endothermic effect. Manufacturers have recognized that the source of the gypsum ore is a factor that affects all aspects of its performance; thus, it is hypothesized that the impurities present in the gypsum ore are the causes of the performance differences. Differential Thermal Analysis/Thermogravimetric Analysis (DTA/TGA) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were used in this paper to compare and characterize samples of gypsum ore representing sources of natural, synthetic from a Flue Gas Desulfurization process (FGD) and blends thereof. The hemihydrate phase of representative natural, FGD, and reagent grade calcium sulfate were rehydrated with distilled water and evaluated by DTA/TGA. Analysis of the data shows distinct areas of similarity separated by the conversion to anhydrite ~250 °C. Compositional reconstructions based on DTA/TGA and XRD data were compared and although, the results were comparable, the DTA/TGA suggests thermally active compounds that were not detected by XRD. Anhydrite, silica and halite were reported by XRD but were not thermally reactive in the temperature range evaluated bymore » DTA/TGA (ambient to 1050 °C). Finally, the presence of carbonate compounds (e.g., calcite and dolomite) were indicated by XRD and estimated from the thermal decomposition reaction ~700 °C.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2]
  1. New Mexico Inst. of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
  2. Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); New Mexico Inst. of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
OSTI Identifier:
1356987
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1396794
Report Number(s):
SAND2016-12607J
Journal ID: ISSN 0040-6031; PII: S0040603116301952
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC04-94AL85000
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Thermochimica Acta
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 639; Journal ID: ISSN 0040-6031
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; Gypsum; Anhydrite; Differential thermal analysis/thermogravimetric analysis; X-ray diffraction

Citation Formats

Engbrecht, Dick C., and Hirschfeld, Deidre A. Thermal analysis of calcium sulfate dihydrate sources used to manufacture gypsum wallboard. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1016/j.tca.2016.07.021.
Engbrecht, Dick C., & Hirschfeld, Deidre A. Thermal analysis of calcium sulfate dihydrate sources used to manufacture gypsum wallboard. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2016.07.021
Engbrecht, Dick C., and Hirschfeld, Deidre A. 2016. "Thermal analysis of calcium sulfate dihydrate sources used to manufacture gypsum wallboard". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2016.07.021. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1356987.
@article{osti_1356987,
title = {Thermal analysis of calcium sulfate dihydrate sources used to manufacture gypsum wallboard},
author = {Engbrecht, Dick C. and Hirschfeld, Deidre A.},
abstractNote = {Gypsum wallboard has been used for over 100 years as a barrier to the spread of fire in residential and commercial structures. The gypsum molecule, CaSO4·2H2O, provides two crystalline waters that are released upon heating providing an endothermic effect. Manufacturers have recognized that the source of the gypsum ore is a factor that affects all aspects of its performance; thus, it is hypothesized that the impurities present in the gypsum ore are the causes of the performance differences. Differential Thermal Analysis/Thermogravimetric Analysis (DTA/TGA) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were used in this paper to compare and characterize samples of gypsum ore representing sources of natural, synthetic from a Flue Gas Desulfurization process (FGD) and blends thereof. The hemihydrate phase of representative natural, FGD, and reagent grade calcium sulfate were rehydrated with distilled water and evaluated by DTA/TGA. Analysis of the data shows distinct areas of similarity separated by the conversion to anhydrite ~250 °C. Compositional reconstructions based on DTA/TGA and XRD data were compared and although, the results were comparable, the DTA/TGA suggests thermally active compounds that were not detected by XRD. Anhydrite, silica and halite were reported by XRD but were not thermally reactive in the temperature range evaluated by DTA/TGA (ambient to 1050 °C). Finally, the presence of carbonate compounds (e.g., calcite and dolomite) were indicated by XRD and estimated from the thermal decomposition reaction ~700 °C.},
doi = {10.1016/j.tca.2016.07.021},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1356987}, journal = {Thermochimica Acta},
issn = {0040-6031},
number = ,
volume = 639,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jul 27 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Wed Jul 27 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}

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Cited by: 20 works
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Works referenced in this record:

Investigation of heat transfer in gypsum plasterboard exposed to fire for three nominal fire scenarios
journal, February 2012


Vapor Convection in Gypsum Plasterboard Exposed to Fire: Numerical Simulation and Validation
journal, May 2010


The modelling of dehydration and stress analysis of gypsum plasterboards exposed to fire
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Kinetic analyses using simultaneous TG/DSC measurements: Part II: Decomposition of calcium carbonate having different particle sizes
journal, November 2005


Works referencing / citing this record:

Effect of Cu 2+ on the nucleation kinetics and crystallization of rod-shaped CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O in aqueous solution
journal, January 2019


Novel approach to thermal degradation kinetics of gypsum: application of peak deconvolution and Model-Free isoconversional method
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Measurement of heat flow through cast slabs of calcium sulfate dihydrate
journal, May 2019