Direct evidence for dominant bond-directional interactions in a honeycomb lattice iridate Na2IrO3

Hwan Chun, Sae; Kim, Jong-Woo; Kim, Jungho; Zheng, H.; Stoumpos, Constantinos C.; Malliakas, C. D.; Mitchell, J. F.; Mehlawat, Kavita; Singh, Yogesh; Choi, Y.; Gog, T.; Al-Zein, A.; Sala, M. Moretti; Krisch, M.; Chaloupka, J.; Jackeli, G.; Khaliullin, G.; Kim, B. J.

doi:10.1038/nphys3322

Title: Direct evidence for dominant bond-directional interactions in a honeycomb lattice iridate Na₂IrO₃

Journal Article · Mon May 11 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Nature Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3322· OSTI ID:1355347

Hwan Chun, Sae ^[1]; Kim, Jong-Woo ^[2]; Kim, Jungho ^[2]; Zheng, H. ^[1]; Stoumpos, Constantinos C. ^[1]; Malliakas, C. D. ^[1]; Mitchell, J. F. ^[1]; Mehlawat, Kavita ^[3]; Singh, Yogesh ^[3]; Choi, Y. ^[2]; Gog, T. ^[2]; Al-Zein, A. ^[4]; Sala, M. Moretti ^[4]; Krisch, M. ^[4]; Chaloupka, J. ^[5]; Jackeli, G. ^[6]; Khaliullin, G. ^[7]; Kim, B. J. ^[7]

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City (India)
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (France)
Masaryk University (Czech Republic). Central European Institute of Technology
Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research (Germany); University of Stuttgart (Germany). Institute for Functional Matter and Quantum Technologies
Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research (Germany)

We show that heisenberg interactions are ubiquitous in magnetic materials and play a central role in modelling and designing quantum magnets. Bond-directional interactions offer a novel alternative to Heisenberg exchange and provide the building blocks of the Kitaev model, which has a quantum spin liquid as its exact ground state. Honeycomb iridates, A₂IrO₃ (A = Na, Li), offer potential realizations of the Kitaev magnetic exchange coupling, and their reported magnetic behaviour may be interpreted within the Kitaev framework. However, the extent of their relevance to the Kitaev model remains unclear, as evidence for bond-directional interactions has so far been indirect. Here we present direct evidence for dominant bond-directional interactions in antiferromagnetic Na₂IrO₃ and show that they lead to strong magnetic frustration. Diffuse magnetic X-ray scattering reveals broken spin-rotational symmetry even above the Néel temperature, with the three spin components exhibiting short-range correlations along distinct crystallographic directions. Lastly, this spin- and real-space entanglement directly uncovers the bond-directional nature of these interactions, thus providing a direct connection between honeycomb iridates and Kitaev physics.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1355347

Journal Information:: Nature Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 6; ISSN 1745-2473

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 273 works

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Pressure-tuning of bond-directional exchange interactions and magnetic frustration in hyperhoneycomb iridate β-Li₂IrO₃

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Dynamic Spin Correlations in the Honeycomb Lattice

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71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
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Title: Direct evidence for dominant bond-directional interactions in a honeycomb lattice iridate Na2IrO3

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Title: Direct evidence for dominant bond-directional interactions in a honeycomb lattice iridate Na₂IrO₃