Climate change in the Fertile Crescent and implications of the recent Syrian drought

Kelley, Colin P.; Mohtadi, Shahrzad; Cane, Mark A.; Seager, Richard; Kushnir, Yochanan

doi:10.1073/pnas.1421533112

Title: Climate change in the Fertile Crescent and implications of the recent Syrian drought

Journal Article · Mon Mar 02 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1421533112· OSTI ID:1349031

Kelley, Colin P. ^[1]; Mohtadi, Shahrzad ^[2]; Cane, Mark A. ^[3]; Seager, Richard ^[3]; Kushnir, Yochanan ^[3]

Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
Columbia Univ., Palisades, NY (United States) Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory

Before the Syrian uprising that began in 2011, the greater Fertile Crescent experienced the most severe drought in the instrumental record. For Syria, a country marked by poor governance and unsustainable agricultural and environmental policies, the drought had a catalytic effect, contributing to political unrest. In this paper, we show that the recent decrease in Syrian precipitation is a combination of natural variability and a long-term drying trend, and the unusual severity of the observed drought is here shown to be highly unlikely without this trend. Precipitation changes in Syria are linked to rising mean sea-level pressure in the Eastern Mediterranean, which also shows a long-term trend. There has been also a long-term warming trend in the Eastern Mediterranean, adding to the drawdown of soil moisture. No natural cause is apparent for these trends, whereas the observed drying and warming are consistent with model studies of the response to increases in greenhouse gases. Furthermore, model studies show an increasingly drier and hotter future mean climate for the Eastern Mediterranean. Finally, analyses of observations and model simulations indicate that a drought of the severity and duration of the recent Syrian drought, which is implicated in the current conflict, has become more than twice as likely as a consequence of human interference in the climate system.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0005107

OSTI ID:: 1349031

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 112, Issue 11; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 631 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (27)

Tackling the drought in Syria Solh, Mahmoud Nature Middle East https://doi.org/10.1038/nmiddleeast.2010.206	journal	September 2010
The Role of Drought and Climate Change in the Syrian Uprising: Untangling the Triggers of the Revolution De Châtel, Francesca Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 50, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1080/00263206.2013.850076	journal	January 2014
Estimating the human contribution to groundwater depletion in the Middle East, from GRACE data, land surface models, and well observations Joodaki, Gholamreza; Wahr, John; Swenson, Sean Water Resources Research, Vol. 50, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014633	journal	March 2014
One effect to rule them all? A comment on climate and conflict Buhaug, H.; Nordkvelle, J.; Bernauer, T. Climatic Change, Vol. 127, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1266-1	journal	October 2014
Reconciling disagreement over climate–conflict results in Africa Hsiang, Solomon M.; Meng, Kyle C. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 111, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1316006111	journal	January 2014
The intense 2007–2009 drought in the Fertile Crescent: Impacts and associated atmospheric circulation Trigo, Ricardo M.; Gouveia, Célia M.; Barriopedro, David Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 150, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.05.006	journal	August 2010
Migration Patterns in Duhok Governorate, Iraq, 2000-2010 Eklund, Lina The Open Geography Journal, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2174/1874923201205010048	journal	June 2012
Representing Twentieth-Century Space–Time Climate Variability. Part II: Development of 1901–96 Monthly Grids of Terrestrial Surface Climate New, Mark; Hulme, Mike; Jones, Phil Journal of Climate, Vol. 13, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<2217:RTCSTC>2.0.CO;2	journal	July 2000
Natural and anthropogenic changes in atmospheric CO ₂ over the last 1000 years from air in Antarctic ice and firn Etheridge, D. M.; Steele, L. P.; Langenfelds, R. L. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 101, Issue D2 https://doi.org/10.1029/95JD03410	journal	February 1996
First super-high-resolution model projection that the ancient “Fertile Crescent” will disappear in this century Kitoh, Akio; Yatagai, Akiyo; Alpert, Pinhas Hydrological Research Letters, Vol. 2 https://doi.org/10.3178/hrl.2.1	journal	January 2008
Temperature and violence Cane, Mark A.; Miguel, Edward; Burke, Marshall Nature Climate Change, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2171	journal	March 2014
North Atlantic influence on Tigris-Euphrates streamflow Cullen, Heidi M.; deMenocal, Peter B. International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 20, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0088(20000630)20:8<853::AID-JOC497>3.0.CO;2-M	journal	January 2000
Genetics and geography of wild cereal domestication in the near east Salamini, Francesco; Özkan, Hakan; Brandolini, Andrea Nature Reviews Genetics, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg817	journal	June 2002
Quantifying the Influence of Climate on Human Conflict Hsiang, S. M.; Burke, M.; Miguel, E. Science, Vol. 341, Issue 6151 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1235367	journal	August 2013
On the Increased Frequency of Mediterranean Drought Hoerling, Martin; Eischeid, Jon; Perlwitz, Judith Journal of Climate, Vol. 25, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00296.1	journal	March 2012
A call for peace on climate and conflict Solow, Andrew R. Nature, Vol. 497, Issue 7448 https://doi.org/10.1038/497179a	journal	May 2013
The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project Compo, Gilbert P.; Whitaker, Jeffrey S.; Sardeshmudh, Prashant D. Royal Meteorological Society https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.9227	text	January 2011
The relative contributions of radiative forcing and internal climate variability to the late 20th Century winter drying of the Mediterranean region Kelley, Colin; Ting, Mingfang; Seager, Richard Climate Dynamics, Vol. 38, Issue 9-10 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1221-z	journal	October 2011
Trends and extremes of drought indices throughout the 20th century in the Mediterranean Sousa, P. M.; Trigo, R. M.; Aizpurua, P. Natural Hazards and Earth System Science, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-33-2011	journal	January 2011
The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project Compo, G. P.; Whitaker, J. S.; Sardeshmukh, P. D. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 137, Issue 654 https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.776	journal	January 2011
Water demand management in Syria: centralized and decentralized views Salman, M.; Mualla, W. Water Policy, Vol. 10, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2008.065	journal	December 2008
Managing the Waters of Baՙth Country: The Politics of Water Scarcity in Syria Barnes, Jessica Geopolitics, Vol. 14, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1080/14650040802694117	journal	August 2009
Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the MODIS vegetation indices Huete, A.; Didan, K.; Miura, T. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 83, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00096-2	journal	November 2002
Syria: from ‘authoritarian upgrading’ to revolution? Hinnebusch, Raymond International Affairs, Vol. 88, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2012.01059.x	journal	January 2012
Euphrates-Tigris Rivers System: Political Rapprochement and Transboundary Water Cooperation Kibaroglu, Aysegul; Scheumann, Waltina Turkey's Water Policy https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19636-2_16	book	January 2011
Mediterranean precipitation climatology, seasonal cycle, and trend as simulated by CMIP5: CMIP5 MEDITERRANEAN PRECIPITATION Kelley, Colin; Ting, Mingfang; Seager, Richard Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 39, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL053416	journal	November 2012
The relative contributions of radiative forcing and internal climate variability to the late 20th Century winter drying of the Mediterranean region Kelley, Colin Patrick; Ting, Mingfang; Seager, Richard Columbia University https://doi.org/10.7916/d8vm4nvk	text	January 2011

Cited By (171)

How can migration serve adaptation to climate change? Challenges to fleshing out a policy ideal Gemenne, François; Blocher, Julia The Geographical Journal, Vol. 183, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/geoj.12205	journal	February 2017
Climate Change and Migration Along a Mississippian Periphery: a fort Ancient Example Comstock, Aaron R.; Cook, Robert A. American Antiquity, Vol. 83, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2017.50	journal	September 2017
Food security in Iraq: results from quantitative and qualitative surveys Woertz, Eckart Food Security, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-017-0666-2	journal	March 2017
High-resolution projection of climate change and extremity over Israel using COSMO-CLM Hochman, Assaf; Mercogliano, Paola; Alpert, Pinhas International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 38, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5714	journal	August 2018
Human Migration in the Era of Climate Change Cattaneo, Cristina; Beine, Michel; Fröhlich, Christiane J. Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, Vol. 13, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/reep/rez008	journal	July 2019
Integrating human behavior dynamics into drought risk assessment—A sociohydrologic, agent‐based approach Wens, Marthe; Johnson, J. Michael; Zagaria, Cecilia Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1345	journal	April 2019
Climate Change, Health and Existential Risks to Civilization: A Comprehensive Review (1989–2013) Butler, Colin International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 15, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102266	journal	October 2018
Highly integrated CO ₂ capture and conversion: direct synthesis of cyclic carbonates from industrial flue gas Barthel, Alexander; Saih, Youssef; Gimenez, Michel Green Chemistry, Vol. 18, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1039/c5gc03007b	journal	January 2016
A quantitative assessment of groundwater resources in the Middle East and North Africa region Lezzaik, Khalil; Milewski, Adam Hydrogeology Journal, Vol. 26, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-017-1646-5	journal	August 2017
Social Climate Science: A New Vista for Psychological Science Pearson, Adam R.; Schuldt, Jonathon P.; Romero-Canyas, Rainer Perspectives on Psychological Science, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691616639726	journal	September 2016
Recent weather fluctuations and agricultural yields: implications for climate change: A.L. D'Agostino, W. Schlenker D'Agostino, Anthony Louis; Schlenker, Wolfram Agricultural Economics, Vol. 47, Issue S1 https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12315	journal	November 2016
Climate Change and Drought: From Past to Future Cook, Benjamin I.; Mankin, Justin S.; Anchukaitis, Kevin J. Current Climate Change Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-018-0093-2	journal	May 2018
Drought-induced Suppression of Female Fecundity in a Capital Breeder Smith, Charles F.; Schuett, Gordon W.; Reiserer, Randall S. Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51810-9	journal	October 2019
Water restriction induces behavioral fight but impairs thermoregulation in a dry‐skinned ectotherm Rozen‐Rechels, David; Badiane, Arnaud; Agostini, Simon Oikos, Vol. 129, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.06910	journal	January 2020
Increasing drought in Jordan: Climate change and cascading Syrian land-use impacts on reducing transboundary flow Rajsekhar, Deepthi; Gorelick, Steven M. Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700581	journal	August 2017
Beyond the social cost of carbon: Negative emission technologies as a means for biophysically setting the price of carbon Snyder, Brian F. Ambio, Vol. 49, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01301-y	journal	December 2019
Differential climate impacts for policy-relevant limits to global warming: the case of 1.5 °C and 2 °C Schleussner, C. -F.; Lissner, T. K.; Fischer, E. M. Earth System Dynamics Discussions, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/esdd-6-2447-2015	journal	January 2015
Was Drought Really the Trigger Behind the Syrian Civil War in 2011? Karnieli, Arnon; Shtein, Alexandra; Panov, Natalya Water, Vol. 11, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.3390/w11081564	journal	July 2019
Precipitation projection using a CMIP5 GCM ensemble model: a regional investigation of Syria Homsi, Rajab; Shiru, Mohammed Sanusi; Shahid, Shamsuddin Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 14, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/19942060.2019.1683076	journal	November 2019
The role of environmental perceptions in migration decision-making: evidence from both migrants and non-migrants in five developing countries Koubi, Vally; Spilker, Gabriele; Schaffer, Lena Population and Environment, Vol. 38, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-016-0258-7	journal	June 2016
Global Warming and its Implications on Meteorological and Hydrological Drought in the Southeastern Mediterranean Oroud, Ibrahim M. Environmental Processes, Vol. 5, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40710-018-0301-z	journal	May 2018
Strontium and stable isotope evidence of human mobility strategies across the Last Glacial Maximum in southern Italy Lugli, Federico; Cipriani, Anna; Capecchi, Giulia Nature Ecology & Evolution, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0900-8	journal	May 2019
Assessment of Agricultural Drought Considering the Hydrological Cycle and Crop Phenology in the Korean Peninsula Lim, Chul-Hee; Kim, Seung Hee; Chun, Jong Ahn Water, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3390/w11051105	journal	May 2019
Genotypic variations in leaf and whole-plant water use efficiencies are closely related in bread wheat genotypes under well-watered and water-limited conditions during grain filling del Pozo, Alejandro; Méndez-Espinoza, Ana María; Romero-Bravo, Sebastián Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57116-0	journal	January 2020
A Time-Series Analysis of Climate Variability in Urban and Agricultural Sites (Rome, Italy) Salvati, Luca; Zambon, Ilaria; Pignatti, Giuseppe Agriculture, Vol. 9, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9050103	journal	May 2019
The centrality of social ties to climate migration and mental health Torres, Jacqueline M.; Casey, Joan A. BMC Public Health, Vol. 17, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4508-0	journal	July 2017
Climate security assessment of countries Phillis, Yannis A.; Chairetis, Nektarios; Grigoroudis, Evangelos Climatic Change, Vol. 148, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-018-2196-0	journal	April 2018
Current advances in the catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide by molecular catalysts: an update Tappe, Nadine A.; Reich, Robert M.; D'Elia, Valerio Dalton Transactions, Vol. 47, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8dt02346h	journal	January 2018
20,000 years of societal vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in southwest Asia Jones, Matthew D.; Abu‐Jaber, Nizar; AlShdaifat, Ahmad WIREs Water, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1330	journal	February 2019
Community-based adaptation in low-lying islands in the Philippines: challenges and lessons learned Jamero, Ma. Laurice; Onuki, Motoharu; Esteban, Miguel Regional Environmental Change, Vol. 18, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-018-1332-8	journal	April 2018
Projected drought risk in 1.5°C and 2°C warmer climates Lehner, Flavio; Coats, Sloan; Stocker, Thomas American Geophysical Union https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.108188	text	January 2017
Differential climate impacts for policy-relevant limits to global warming: the case of 1.5 °C and 2 °C Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich; Lissner, Tabea K.; Fischer, Erich M. Earth System Dynamics, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-327-2016	journal	January 2016
Economic impact of refugees Taylor, J. Edward; Filipski, Mateusz J.; Alloush, Mohamad Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1604566113	journal	June 2016
A 250‐Year European Drought Inventory Derived From Ensemble Hydrologic Modeling Moravec, Vojtěch; Markonis, Yannis; Rakovec, Oldrich Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 46, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl082783	journal	June 2019
Increase in Weather Patterns Generating Extreme Desiccation Events: Implications for Mediterranean Rocky Shore Ecosystems Zamir, Reut; Alpert, Pinhas; Rilov, Gil Estuaries and Coasts, Vol. 41, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-018-0408-5	journal	May 2018
Evaluation and projection of extreme precipitation indices in the Eastern Mediterranean based on CMIP5 multi-model ensemble: PROJECTION OF EXTREME PRECIPITATION IN THE EM BASED ON CMIP5 MODELS Samuels, Rana; Hochman, Assaf; Baharad, Anat International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 38, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5334	journal	November 2017
Drylands climate response to transient and stabilized 2 °C and 1.5 °C global warming targets Wei, Yun; Yu, Haipeng; Huang, Jianping Climate Dynamics, Vol. 53, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-04860-8	journal	June 2019
Tree-ring reconstructed May–June precipitation in the Caucasus since 1752 CE Martin-Benito, Dario; Ummenhofer, Caroline C.; Köse, Nesibe Climate Dynamics, Vol. 47, Issue 9-10 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3010-1	journal	February 2016
Changes in North Atlantic Oscillation drove Population Migrations and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire Drake, B. Lee Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01289-z	journal	April 2017
Climate change, migration and violent conflict: vulnerabilities, pathways and adaptation strategies Brzoska, Michael; Fröhlich, Christiane Migration and Development, Vol. 5, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2015.1022973	journal	March 2015
Northern Eurasia Future Initiative (NEFI): facing the challenges and pathways of global change in the twenty-first century Groisman, Pavel; Shugart, Herman; Kicklighter, David Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-017-0154-5	journal	December 2017
The Determinants of Environmental Migrants' Conflict Perception Koubi, Vally; Böhmelt, Tobias; Spilker, Gabriele Cambridge University Press https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.127487	text	January 2018
Management Education and Earth System Science: Transformation as if Planetary Boundaries Mattered Edwards, Mark G.; Alcaraz, Jose M.; Cornell, Sarah E. Business & Society https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650318816513	journal	December 2018
Farmer Perceptions of Conflict Related to Water in Zambia Marcantonio, Richard; Attari, Shahzeen; Evans, Tom Sustainability, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020313	journal	January 2018
An extension of Rawls’s theory of justice for climate change Kim, Hyunseop International Theory, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1017/s1752971918000271	journal	January 2019
Leaving home: place attachment and decisions to move in the face of environmental change Dandy, Justine; Horwitz, Pierre; Campbell, Robert Regional Environmental Change, Vol. 19, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-019-01463-1	journal	January 2019
Runoff variations in Lake Balkhash Basin, Central Asia, 1779–2015, inferred from tree rings Panyushkina, Irina P.; Meko, D. M.; Macklin, M. G. Climate Dynamics, Vol. 51, Issue 7-8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4072-z	journal	January 2018
20,000 years of societal vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in southwest Asia. Jones, Matthew D.; Abu-Jaber, Nizar; AlShdaifat, Ahmad Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.35523	text	January 2019
Recognising forced migrants in transnational social work Turtiainen, Kati International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care, Vol. 14, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-11-2016-0042	journal	June 2018
Unveiling the security concerns of low carbon development: climate security analysis of the undesirable and unintended effects of mitigation and adaptation Mirumachi, Naho; Sawas, Amiera; Workman, Mark Climate and Development, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2019.1604310	journal	May 2019
Assessing (Social-Ecological) Systems Thinking by Evaluating Cognitive Maps Gray, Steven; Sterling, Eleanor J.; Aminpour, Payam Sustainability, Vol. 11, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205753	journal	October 2019
Human-induced changes in the distribution of rainfall Putnam, Aaron Ervin; Broecker, Wallace S. Columbia University https://doi.org/10.7916/d8pz6mq1	text	January 2017
Climate change: The 2015 Paris Agreement thresholds and Mediterranean basin ecosystems Guiot, J.; Cramer, W. Science, Vol. 354, Issue 6311 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah5015	journal	October 2016
Dry events in the winter in Israel and its linkage to synoptic and large-scale circulations Saaroni, Hadas; Ziv, Baruch; Harpaz, Tzvi International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 39, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5862	journal	October 2018
Climatization of environmental degradation: a widespread challenge to the integrity of earth science Wine, Michael L. Hydrological Sciences Journal, Vol. 65, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2020.1720024	journal	February 2020
Speleothems from the Middle East: An Example of Water Limited Environments in the SISAL Database Burstyn, Yuval; Martrat, Belen; Lopez, Jordi F. Quaternary, Vol. 2, Issue 2, p. 16 https://doi.org/10.3390/quat2020016	journal	April 2019
Global environmental change I: Climate resilient peace? Barnett, Jon Progress in Human Geography, Vol. 43, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132518798077	journal	July 2018
STEAM Approaches to Climate Change, Extreme Weather and Social-Political Conflict Ludlow, Francis; Travis, Charles The STEAM Revolution https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89818-6_3	book	October 2018
Observed rainfall trends and precipitation uncertainty in the vicinity of the Mediterranean, Middle East and North Africa Zittis, G. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 134, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-017-2333-0	journal	November 2017
Climate Change and Drought: a Perspective on Drought Indices Mukherjee, Sourav; Mishra, Ashok; Trenberth, Kevin E. Current Climate Change Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-018-0098-x	journal	April 2018
The Elbrus (Caucasus, Russia) ice core record – Part 2: history of desert dust deposition Kutuzov, Stanislav; Legrand, Michel; Preunkert, Susanne Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14133-2019	journal	January 2019
Sampling bias in climate–conflict research Adams, Courtland; Ide, Tobias; Barnett, Jon Nature Climate Change, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0068-2	journal	February 2018
Climate change and interconnected risks to sustainable development in the Mediterranean Cramer, Wolfgang; Guiot, Joël; Fader, Marianela Nature Climate Change, Vol. 8, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0299-2	journal	October 2018
Towards a global ecology of migration: an introduction to climatic-environmental migration Agustoni, Alfredo; Maretti, Mara International Review of Sociology, Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/03906701.2019.1641262	journal	May 2019
International migration and climate adaptation in an era of hardening borders McLeman, Robert Nature Climate Change, Vol. 9, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0634-2	journal	November 2019
Impacts of a Changing Climate on Economic Damages and Insurance Franzke, Christian L. E. Economics of Disasters and Climate Change, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41885-017-0004-3	journal	May 2017
Speleothems from the Middle East: An Example of Water Limited Environments in the SISAL Database Burstyn, yuval; Martrat, Belen; Lopez, Jordi F. Quaternary, Vol. 2, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201902.0063.v1	journal	February 2019
Armed-conflict risks enhanced by climate-related disasters in ethnically fractionalized countries Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich; Donges, Jonathan F.; Donner, Reik V. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1601611113	journal	July 2016
Bridging Research and Policy on Climate Change and Conflict Gilmore, Elisabeth A.; Herzer Risi, Lauren; Tennant, Elizabeth Current Climate Change Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-018-0119-9	journal	October 2018
The Determinants of Environmental Migrants' Conflict Perception Koubi, Vally; Böhmelt, Tobias; Spilker, Gabriele International Organization, Vol. 72, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020818318000231	journal	January 2018
Climate change impact on the hydrological budget of a large Mediterranean island Nerantzaki, S. D.; Efstathiou, D.; Giannakis, G. V. Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8305877.v2	text	January 2019
Sensitivity of grain yields to historical climate variability in India Davis, Kyle Frankel; Chhatre, Ashwini; Rao, Narasimha D. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab22db	journal	June 2019
Projected drought risk in 1.5°C and 2°C warmer climates Lehner, Flavio; Coats, Sloan John; Stocker, Thomas F. Columbia University https://doi.org/10.7916/d8087h87	text	January 2017
Capable and Culpable? The United States, RtoP, and Refugee Responsibility-Sharing Coen, Alise Ethics & International Affairs, Vol. 31, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/s0892679416000678	journal	January 2017
Spatial Shift of Aridity and Its Impact on Land Use of Syria Houmsi, Mohammad Rajab; Shiru, Mohammed Sanusi; Nashwan, Mohamed Salem Sustainability, Vol. 11, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.3390/su11247047	journal	December 2019
The Origins of the Syrian Conflict Daoudy, Marwa https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108567053	journal	March 2020
Observed trends in the magnitude and persistence of monthly temperature variability Lenton, Timothy M.; Dakos, Vasilis; Bathiany, Sebastian Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06382-x	journal	July 2017
Climate change impact on the hydrological budget of a large Mediterranean island Nerantzaki, S. D.; Efstathiou, D.; Giannakis, G. V. Hydrological Sciences Journal, Vol. 64, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2019.1630741	journal	July 2019
The health impacts of climate-related migration Schwerdtle, Patricia; Bowen, Kathryn; McMichael, Celia BMC Medicine, Vol. 16, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-017-0981-7	journal	January 2018
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Strategies of Agriculture in Mediterranean-Climate Regions (MCRs) del Pozo, Alejandro; Brunel-Saldias, Nidia; Engler, Alejandra Sustainability, Vol. 11, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/su11102769	journal	May 2019
Integrated multi-scale water management as a climate change adaptation strategy Tan, Raymond R.; Foo, Dominic C. Y. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, Vol. 20, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-018-1551-1	journal	May 2018
From discourse to policy: US policy communities’ perceptions of and approaches to climate change and security Abrahams, Daniel Conflict, Security & Development, Vol. 19, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1080/14678802.2019.1637080	journal	July 2019
Current and future suitability areas of kermes oak (Quercus coccifera L.) in the Levant under climate change Al-Qaddi, Nisreen; Vessella, Federico; Stephan, Jean Regional Environmental Change, Vol. 17, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-016-0987-2	journal	May 2016
The 2010–2015 megadrought in central Chile: impacts on regional hydroclimate and vegetation Garreaud, René D.; Alvarez-Garreton, Camila; Barichivich, Jonathan Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 21, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6307-2017	journal	January 2017
Climate change impact on the hydrological budget of a large Mediterranean island Nerantzaki, S. D.; Efstathiou, D.; Giannakis, G. V. Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8305877	text	January 2019
Time trend analysis of some agroclimatic variables during the last half century over Iran Bannayan, Mohammad; Asadi, Sara; Nouri, Milad Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 140, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-020-03105-7	journal	February 2020
Linear and nonlinear influences of climatic changes on migration flows: a case study for the ‘Mediterranean bridge’ Pasini, Antonello; Amendola, Stefano Environmental Research Communications, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ab0464	journal	February 2019
Adaptive migration: pluralising the debate on climate change and migration Baldwin, Andrew; Fornalé, Elisa The Geographical Journal, Vol. 183, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/geoj.12242	journal	November 2017
Transmission of climate risks across sectors and borders Challinor, Andy J.; Adger, W. Neil; Benton, Tim G. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 376, Issue 2121 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0301	journal	April 2018
Historical Reanalysis: What, How, and Why? Slivinski, Laura C. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 10, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018ms001434	journal	August 2018
History meets palaeoscience: Consilience and collaboration in studying past societal responses to environmental change Haldon, John; Mordechai, Lee; Newfield, Timothy P. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1716912115	journal	March 2018
The Influence of Interannual Climate Variability on Regional Violent Crime Rates in the United States Harp, Ryan D.; Karnauskas, Kristopher B. GeoHealth, Vol. 2, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gh000152	journal	November 2018
Drought Persistence Errors in Global Climate Models Moon, Heewon; Gudmundsson, Lukas; Seneviratne, Sonia I. ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000261754	text	January 2018
Methods and Model Dependency of Extreme Event Attribution: The 2015 European Drought Hauser, Mathias; Gudmundsson, Lukas; Orth, René ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000212504	text	January 2017
Medieval Climate in the Eastern Mediterranean: Instability and Evidence of Solar Forcing Kushnir, Yochanan; Stein, Mordechai Atmosphere, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10010029	journal	January 2019
Water, anxiety, and the human niche: a study in Southern Province, Zambia Marcantonio, Richard A. Climate and Development, Vol. 12, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2019.1617664	journal	May 2019
The Central Chile Mega Drought (2010–2018): A climate dynamics perspective Garreaud, René D.; Boisier, Juan P.; Rondanelli, Roberto International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 40, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6219	journal	July 2019
Analysis of drought and vulnerability in the North Darfur region of Sudan Mohmmed, Alnail; Zhang, Ke; Kabenge, Martin Land Degradation & Development, Vol. 29, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3180	journal	October 2018
The effect of radiation parameterization schemes on surface temperature in regional climate simulations over the MENA-CORDEX domain: WRF AS A REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL OVER THE MENA-CORDEX DOMAIN Zittis, G.; Hadjinicolaou, P. International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 37, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4959	journal	December 2016
Euro-Mediterranean climate variability in boreal winter: a potential role of the East Asian trough Sen, Omer Lutfi; Ezber, Yasemin; Bozkurt, Deniz Climate Dynamics, Vol. 52, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4573-9	journal	December 2018
Monitoring Droughts in the Greater Changbai Mountains Using Multiple Remote Sensing-Based Drought Indices Han, Yang; Li, Ziying; Huang, Chang Remote Sensing, Vol. 12, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12030530	journal	February 2020
Increased Occurrence of Record‐Wet and Record‐Dry Months Reflect Changes in Mean Rainfall Lehmann, J.; Mempel, F.; Coumou, D. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gl079439	journal	December 2018
Meteorological and Streamflow Droughts: Characteristics, Trends, and Propagation in the Milwaukee River Basin Choi, Woonsup; Byun, Hi-Ryong; Cassardo, Claudio The Professional Geographer, Vol. 70, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2018.1432368	journal	April 2018
Rainfall and social disputes in Iran Feizi, Mehdi; Janatabadi, Najmeh Heidarzadeh; Torshizi, Ahmad Saradari Water Policy, Vol. 21, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2019.101	journal	May 2019
Food scarcity and state vulnerability: Unpacking the link between climate variability and violent unrest Jones, Benjamin T.; Mattiacci, Eleonora; Braumoeller, Bear F. Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 54, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343316684662	journal	May 2017
Comparative Aerial and Ground Based High Throughput Phenotyping for the Genetic Dissection of NDVI as a Proxy for Drought Adaptive Traits in Durum Wheat Condorelli, Giuseppe E.; Maccaferri, Marco; Newcomb, Maria Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 9 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00893	journal	June 2018
Allowable CO2 emissions based on regional and impact-related climate targets Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Donat, Markus G.; Pitman, Andy J. Nature, Vol. 529, Issue 7587 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature16542	journal	January 2016
Climate change and water management in the biblical city of Dan Kaniewski, David; Marriner, Nick; Ilan, David Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700954	journal	November 2017
Climate, not conflict, explains extreme Middle East dust storm Parolari, Anthony J.; Li, Dan; Bou-Zeid, Elie Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/11/114013	journal	November 2016
Earning More on the Farm Christiaensen, Luc; Vandercasteelen, Joachim Accelerating Poverty Reduction in Africa https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1232-3_ch3	book	October 2019
Regional Climate Impacts of Future Changes in the Mid–Latitude Atmospheric Circulation: a Storyline View Zappa, Giuseppe Current Climate Change Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00146-7	journal	November 2019
Medieval Climate in the Eastern Mediterranean: Instability and Evidence of Solar Forcing Kushnir, Yochanan; Stein, Mordechai Columbia University https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-tk7c-v507	text	January 2019
Human and Nature Revisited: The Industrial Revolution, Modern Economics and the Anthropocene Fukuhara, Ryuichi Creative Economy https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6478-4_3	book	January 2018
The U.S. food–energy–water system: A blueprint to fill the mesoscale gap for science and decision-making Lant, Christopher; Baggio, Jacopo; Konar, Megan Ambio, Vol. 48, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-018-1077-0	journal	July 2018
Adaptive migration: pluralising the debate on climate change and migration Baldwin, Andrew; Fornale, Elisa Wiley https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.107160	text	January 2017
Passive solar high-yield seawater desalination by modular and low-cost distillation Chiavazzo, Eliodoro; Morciano, Matteo; Viglino, Francesca Nature Sustainability, Vol. 1, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-018-0186-x	journal	December 2018
Climate migrants as protestors? Dispelling misconceptions about global environmental change in pre-revolutionary Syria Fröhlich, Christiane J. Contemporary Levant, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/20581831.2016.1149355	journal	January 2016
Role of climate in the rise and fall of the Neo-Assyrian Empire Sinha, Ashish; Kathayat, Gayatri; Weiss, Harvey Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax6656	journal	November 2019
Climatic Stress, Internal Migration, and Syrian Civil War Onset Ash, Konstantin; Obradovich, Nick Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 64, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002719864140	journal	July 2019
Human-induced changes in the distribution of rainfall Putnam, Aaron E.; Broecker, Wallace S. Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600871	journal	May 2017
Climate Change-Induced Conflicts in Pakistan: From National to Individual Level Ali, Faizan; Khan, Tooba Asim; Alamgir, Aamir Earth Systems and Environment, Vol. 2, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-018-0080-8	journal	November 2018
Late Holocene droughts in the Fertile Crescent recorded in a speleothem from northern Iraq Flohr, Pascal; Fleitmann, Dominik; Zorita, Eduardo Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 44, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl071786	journal	February 2017
Civil conflict sensitivity to growing-season drought von Uexkull, Nina; Croicu, Mihai; Fjelde, Hanne Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1607542113	journal	October 2016
The relationship between climate change and political instability: the case of MENA countries (1985:01–2016:12) Sofuoğlu, Emrah; Ay, Ahmet Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 27, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07937-8	journal	February 2020
Climate Change Indicators In Alsheikh-Badr Basin (Syria) Mohammed, Safwan A.; Fallah, Riad Qara GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2018-63	journal	July 2019
Simulating Acculturation Dynamics Between Migrants and Locals in Relation to Network Formation Paolillo, Rocco; Jager, Wander Social Science Computer Review, Vol. 38, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439318821678	journal	January 2019
Regional patterns of pastoralist migrations under the push of reduced precipitation in imperial China Pei, Qing; Li, Guodong; Winterhalder, Bruce P. Global Ecology and Biogeography, Vol. 29, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13040	journal	December 2019
Climate reddening increases the chance of critical transitions van der Bolt, Bregje; van Nes, Egbert H.; Bathiany, Sebastian Nature Climate Change, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0160-7	journal	May 2018
Internal wars in history: Triggered by natural disasters or socio-ecological catastrophes? Lee, Harry F. The Holocene, Vol. 28, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683618761549	journal	March 2018
Sounding the Alarm: Health in the Anthropocene Butler, Colin International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 13, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13070665	journal	June 2016
Drought Persistence Errors in Global Climate Models Moon, H.; Gudmundsson, L.; Seneviratne, S. I. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 123, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jd027577	journal	April 2018
The ‘Alice in Wonderland’ mechanics of the rejection of (climate) science: simulating coherence by conspiracism Lewandowsky, Stephan; Cook, John; Lloyd, Elisabeth Synthese, Vol. 195, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-016-1198-6	journal	September 2016
Toward a better understanding of freshwater fish responses to an increasingly drought-stricken world Lennox, Robert J.; Crook, David A.; Moyle, Peter B. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, Vol. 29, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-018-09545-9	journal	January 2019
Human factors and ergonomics systems-based tools for understanding and addressing global problems of the twenty-first century Thatcher, Andrew; Nayak, Rounaq; Waterson, Patrick Ergonomics, Vol. 63, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2019.1646925	journal	August 2019
Observed trends in the magnitude and persistence of monthly temperature variability Lenton, Timothy M.; Dakos, Vasilis; Bathiany, Sebastian ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000191582	text	January 2017
Global drought and severe drought-affected populations in 1.5 and 2 °C warmer worlds Liu, Wenbin; Sun, Fubao; Lim, Wee Ho Earth System Dynamics, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-267-2018	journal	January 2018
Asylum applications respond to temperature fluctuations Missirian, Anouch; Schlenker, Wolfram Science, Vol. 358, Issue 6370 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao0432	journal	December 2017
Water as a weapon and casualty of armed conflict: A review of recent water‐related violence in Iraq, Syria, and Yemen Gleick, Peter H. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1351	journal	June 2019
5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) biosynthetic and metabolic pathways and its role in higher plants: a review Wu, Yue; Liao, Weibiao; Dawuda, Mohammed Mujitaba Plant Growth Regulation, Vol. 87, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-018-0463-8	journal	December 2018
Planning for ecological drought: Integrating ecosystem services and vulnerability assessment Raheem, Nejem; Cravens, Amanda E.; Cross, Molly S. WIREs Water, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1352	journal	May 2019
The Social Consequences of Climate Change in the Central Mesa Verde Region Schwindt, Dylan M.; Bocinsky, R. Kyle; Ortman, Scott G. American Antiquity, Vol. 81, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.81.1.74	journal	January 2016
Extractivism, Neoliberalism, and the Environment: Revisiting the Syrian Conflict from an Ecological Justice Perspective Gürcan, Efe Can Capitalism Nature Socialism, Vol. 30, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2018.1516794	journal	September 2018
Spatiotemporal analysis of dust patterns over Mesopotamia and their impact on Khuzestan province, Iran Daniali, Mohamad; Karimi, Neamat Natural Hazards, Vol. 97, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-019-03641-0	journal	May 2019
Social vulnerability to climate change: a review of concepts and evidence Otto, Ilona M.; Reckien, Diana; Reyer, Christopher P. O. Regional Environmental Change, Vol. 17, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-017-1105-9	journal	February 2017
Climate change impact on migration, travel, travel destinations and the tourism industry Semenza, Jan C.; Ebi, Kristie L. Journal of Travel Medicine, Vol. 26, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taz026	journal	January 2019
Climate Impacts, Political Institutions, and Leader Survival: Effects of Droughts and Flooding Precipitation Smirnov, Oleg; Steinwand, Martin C.; Xiao, Tingyin Economics of Disasters and Climate Change, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41885-018-0024-7	journal	January 2018
Planet-proofing the global food system Rockström, Johan; Edenhofer, Ottmar; Gaertner, Juliana Nature Food, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-019-0010-4	journal	January 2020
Re-imagining the driver–pressure–state–impact–response framework from an equity and inclusive development perspective Gupta, Joyeeta; Scholtens, Joeri; Perch, Leisa Sustainability Science, Vol. 15, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-019-00708-6	journal	June 2019
The consequences of relocating in response to drought: human mobility and conflict in contemporary Kenya Linke, A. M.; Witmer, F. D. W.; O’Loughlin, J. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aad8cc	journal	September 2018
Syrian crisis repercussions on the agricultural sector: Case study of wheat, cotton and olives Mohammed, Safwan A.; Alkerdi, Ali; Nagy, János Regional Science Policy & Practice, Vol. 12, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/rsp3.12222	journal	August 2019
The health impacts of climate-related migration P., Nayna Schwerdtle; K., Bowen; C., McMichael Environmental Epidemiology, Vol. 3 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ee9.0000609032.63453.d1	journal	January 2019
When water interacts with temperature: Ecological and evolutionary implications of thermo‐hydroregulation in terrestrial ectotherms Rozen‐Rechels, David; Dupoué, Andréaz; Lourdais, Olivier Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 9, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5440	journal	August 2019
Identifying Key Water Resource Vulnerabilities in Data‐Scarce Transboundary River Basins Rougé, Charles; Tilmant, Amaury; Zaitchik, Ben Water Resources Research, Vol. 54, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1029/2017wr021489	journal	August 2018
Mediterranean wetland conservation in the context of climate and land cover change Leberger, Roxanne; Geijzendorffer, Ilse R.; Gaget, Elie Regional Environmental Change, Vol. 20, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-020-01655-0	journal	June 2020
Understanding barriers to decision making in the UK energy-food-water nexus: The added value of interdisciplinary approaches Howarth, Candice; Monasterolo, Irene Environmental Science & Policy, Vol. 61 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2016.03.014	journal	July 2016
Trees, forests and water: Cool insights for a hot world Ellison, David; Morris, Cindy E.; Locatelli, Bruno Global Environmental Change, Vol. 43 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.01.002	journal	March 2017
Botanical aspects of eco-civilisation construction Hamilton, Alan; Pei, Shengji; Yang, Lixin Plant Diversity, Vol. 39, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2016.12.003	journal	April 2017
North Atlantic controls on wintertime warm extremes and aridification trends in the Middle East Kumar, Kondapalli Niranjan; Molini, Annalisa; Ouarda, Taha B. M. J. Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12430-3	journal	September 2017
Modeling Sustainability: Population, Inequality, Consumption, and Bidirectional Coupling of the Earth and Human Systems Motesharrei, Safa; Rivas, Jorge; Kalnay, Eugenia National Science Review https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nww081	journal	December 2016
Climate Change and Global Food Systems: Potential Impacts on Food Security and Undernutrition Myers, Samuel S.; Smith, Matthew R.; Guth, Sarah Annual Review of Public Health, Vol. 38, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044356	journal	March 2017
Recent developments have made female permanent contraception an increasingly attractive option, and pregnant women in particular ought to be counselled about it Verkuyl, Douwe A. A. Contraception and Reproductive Medicine, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40834-016-0034-1	journal	December 2016
Geographical characteristics of contemporary international migration in and into Europe Kocsis, Károly; Molnár Sansum, Judit; Kreinin, Lea Hungarian Geographical Bulletin, Vol. 65, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.15201/hungeobull.65.4.6	journal	January 2017
Hydrological drought and wildfire in the humid tropics Taufik, Muh Wageningen University https://doi.org/10.18174/419772	dissertation	January 2017
Climate Change, Inequality, and Human Migration Burzyński, Michał; Deuster, Christoph; Docquier, Frédéric SSRN Electronic Journal https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3457667	journal	September 2019
Moderating Climate Hazard Risk through Cooperation in Asian Drylands Sternberg, Troy Land, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/land7010022	journal	February 2018
Multiple Remotely Sensed Lines of Evidence for a Depleting Seasonal Snowpack in the Near East Yılmaz, Yeliz; Aalstad, Kristoffer; Sen, Omer Remote Sensing, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11050483	journal	February 2019
Not a Security Issue: How Policy Experts De-Politicize the Climate Change–Migration Nexus Honarmand Ebrahimi, Sanaz; Ossewaarde, Marinus Social Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8070214	journal	July 2019
Mitigating the Risk of Extreme Water Scarcity and Dependency: The Case of Jordan Schyns, Joep; Hamaideh, Arwa; Hoekstra, Arjen Water, Vol. 7, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/w7105705	journal	October 2015
Trump, Brexit, Right-wing Anti-globalisation, and An Uncertain Future for Public Health Macgregor-Bowles, Isabelle; C. Bowles, Devin AIMS Public Health, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3934/publichealth.2017.2.139	journal	January 2017
Gaussianizing the Earth: Multidimensional Information Measures for Earth Data Analysis Johnson, J. Emmanuel; Laparra, Valero; Piles, Maria arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2010.06476	preprint	January 2020
Editorial: Abiotic Stresses in Agroecology: A Challenge for Whole Plant Physiology Feller, Urs; Centritto, Mauro; Kingston-Smith, Alison H. Frontiers https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.101749	text	January 2017

Figures / Tables (4)

Similar Records

Climate change alters plant biogeography in Mediterranean prairies along the West Coast, USA

Journal Article · Fri Dec 11 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Global Change Biology · OSTI ID:1349031

Pfeifer‐Meister, Laurel; Bridgham, Scott D.; Reynolds, Lorien L.; +5 more

Summer drought in northern midlatitudes in a time-dependent CO{sub 2} climate experiment

Journal Article · Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1997 · Journal of Climate · OSTI ID:1349031

Gregory, J M; Mitchell, J F.B.; Brady, A J

Climatological aspects of drought in Ohio

Journal Article · Tue Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1993 · Ohio Journal of Science; (United States) · OSTI ID:1349031

Rogers, J C

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
drought
Syria
climate change
unrest
conflict