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Title: Large CO2 effluxes at night and during synoptic weather events significantly contribute to CO2 emissions from a reservoir

Abstract

CO2 emissions from inland waters are commonly determined by indirect methods that are based on the product of a gas transfer coefficient and the concentration gradient at the air water interface (e.g., wind-based gas transfer models). The measurements of concentration gradient are typically collected during the day in fair weather throughout the course of a year. Direct measurements of eddy covariance CO2 fluxes from a large inland water body (Ross Barnett reservoir, Mississippi, USA) show that CO2 effluxes at night are approximately 70% greater than those during the day. At longer time scales, frequent synoptic weather events associated with extratropical cyclones induce CO2 flux pulses, resulting in further increase in annual CO2 effluxes by 16%. Therefore, CO2 emission rates from this reservoir, if these diel and synoptic processes are under-sampled, are likely to be underestimated by approximately 40%. Our results also indicate that the CO2 emission rates from global inland waters reported in the literature, when based on indirect methods, are likely underestimated. Field samplings and indirect modeling frameworks that estimate CO2 emissions should account for both daytime-nighttime efflux difference and enhanced emissions during synoptic weather events. Furthermore, the analysis here can guide carbon emission sampling to improve regional carbonmore » estimates.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5]
  1. Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering
  2. Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States). Nicholas School of the Environment
  3. Cary Inst. of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY (United States)
  4. Univ. of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK (United States). Inst. of Arctic Biology
  5. Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
OSTI Identifier:
1287223
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0006967; SC0011461
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Environmental Research Letters
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1748-9326
Publisher:
IOP Publishing
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; carbon emissions from lakes; eddy covariance flux of CO2; wind-based gas transfer; lake-atmosphere interactions; southern inland water; surface-energy budget; united-states; carbon-cycle; lake; flux; evaporation; exchange; methane; air

Citation Formats

Liu, Heping, Zhang, Qianyu, Katul, Gabriel G., Cole, Jonathan J., Chapin, III, F. Stuart, and MacIntyre, Sally. Large CO2 effluxes at night and during synoptic weather events significantly contribute to CO2 emissions from a reservoir. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/11/6/064001.
Liu, Heping, Zhang, Qianyu, Katul, Gabriel G., Cole, Jonathan J., Chapin, III, F. Stuart, & MacIntyre, Sally. Large CO2 effluxes at night and during synoptic weather events significantly contribute to CO2 emissions from a reservoir. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/6/064001
Liu, Heping, Zhang, Qianyu, Katul, Gabriel G., Cole, Jonathan J., Chapin, III, F. Stuart, and MacIntyre, Sally. 2016. "Large CO2 effluxes at night and during synoptic weather events significantly contribute to CO2 emissions from a reservoir". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/6/064001. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1287223.
@article{osti_1287223,
title = {Large CO2 effluxes at night and during synoptic weather events significantly contribute to CO2 emissions from a reservoir},
author = {Liu, Heping and Zhang, Qianyu and Katul, Gabriel G. and Cole, Jonathan J. and Chapin, III, F. Stuart and MacIntyre, Sally},
abstractNote = {CO2 emissions from inland waters are commonly determined by indirect methods that are based on the product of a gas transfer coefficient and the concentration gradient at the air water interface (e.g., wind-based gas transfer models). The measurements of concentration gradient are typically collected during the day in fair weather throughout the course of a year. Direct measurements of eddy covariance CO2 fluxes from a large inland water body (Ross Barnett reservoir, Mississippi, USA) show that CO2 effluxes at night are approximately 70% greater than those during the day. At longer time scales, frequent synoptic weather events associated with extratropical cyclones induce CO2 flux pulses, resulting in further increase in annual CO2 effluxes by 16%. Therefore, CO2 emission rates from this reservoir, if these diel and synoptic processes are under-sampled, are likely to be underestimated by approximately 40%. Our results also indicate that the CO2 emission rates from global inland waters reported in the literature, when based on indirect methods, are likely underestimated. Field samplings and indirect modeling frameworks that estimate CO2 emissions should account for both daytime-nighttime efflux difference and enhanced emissions during synoptic weather events. Furthermore, the analysis here can guide carbon emission sampling to improve regional carbon estimates.},
doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/11/6/064001},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1287223}, journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
issn = {1748-9326},
number = 6,
volume = 11,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue May 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Tue May 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}

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Cited by: 62 works
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Works referencing / citing this record:

Spatiotemporal Variability in Lake-Atmosphere Net CO 2 Exchange in the Littoral Zone of an Oligotrophic Lake
journal, April 2018


Factors controlling evaporation and the CO 2 flux over an open water lake in southwest of China on multiple temporal scales
journal, July 2018


Turbulence in a small arctic pond: Turbulence in an arctic pond
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Carbon sink and source dynamics of a eutrophic deep lake using multiple flux observations over multiple years: Carbon sink and source dynamics
journal, March 2018


Effects of an Experimental Water-level Drawdown on Methane Emissions from a Eutrophic Reservoir
journal, September 2017


Generalized Additive Models of Climatic and Metabolic Controls of Subannual Variation in pCO 2 in Productive Hardwater Lakes
journal, June 2018


Parameterizing Air‐Water Gas Exchange in the Shallow, Microtidal New River Estuary
journal, July 2019


Assessment of methane and carbon dioxide emissions in two sub-basins of a small acidic bog lake artificially divided 30 years ago
journal, September 2018


CO2 Flux from Volcanic Lakes in the Western Group of the Azores Archipelago (Portugal)
journal, March 2019


Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the Littoral Zone of a Chinese Reservoir
journal, July 2017


The monsoon effect on energy and carbon exchange processes over a highland lake in the southwest of China
journal, January 2018