Large CO2 effluxes at night and during synoptic weather events significantly contribute to CO2 emissions from a reservoir
Abstract
CO2 emissions from inland waters are commonly determined by indirect methods that are based on the product of a gas transfer coefficient and the concentration gradient at the air water interface (e.g., wind-based gas transfer models). The measurements of concentration gradient are typically collected during the day in fair weather throughout the course of a year. Direct measurements of eddy covariance CO2 fluxes from a large inland water body (Ross Barnett reservoir, Mississippi, USA) show that CO2 effluxes at night are approximately 70% greater than those during the day. At longer time scales, frequent synoptic weather events associated with extratropical cyclones induce CO2 flux pulses, resulting in further increase in annual CO2 effluxes by 16%. Therefore, CO2 emission rates from this reservoir, if these diel and synoptic processes are under-sampled, are likely to be underestimated by approximately 40%. Our results also indicate that the CO2 emission rates from global inland waters reported in the literature, when based on indirect methods, are likely underestimated. Field samplings and indirect modeling frameworks that estimate CO2 emissions should account for both daytime-nighttime efflux difference and enhanced emissions during synoptic weather events. Furthermore, the analysis here can guide carbon emission sampling to improve regional carbonmore »
- Authors:
-
- Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States). Nicholas School of the Environment
- Cary Inst. of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY (United States)
- Univ. of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK (United States). Inst. of Arctic Biology
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1287223
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0006967; SC0011461
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Environmental Research Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1748-9326
- Publisher:
- IOP Publishing
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; carbon emissions from lakes; eddy covariance flux of CO2; wind-based gas transfer; lake-atmosphere interactions; southern inland water; surface-energy budget; united-states; carbon-cycle; lake; flux; evaporation; exchange; methane; air
Citation Formats
Liu, Heping, Zhang, Qianyu, Katul, Gabriel G., Cole, Jonathan J., Chapin, III, F. Stuart, and MacIntyre, Sally. Large CO2 effluxes at night and during synoptic weather events significantly contribute to CO2 emissions from a reservoir. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/11/6/064001.
Liu, Heping, Zhang, Qianyu, Katul, Gabriel G., Cole, Jonathan J., Chapin, III, F. Stuart, & MacIntyre, Sally. Large CO2 effluxes at night and during synoptic weather events significantly contribute to CO2 emissions from a reservoir. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/6/064001
Liu, Heping, Zhang, Qianyu, Katul, Gabriel G., Cole, Jonathan J., Chapin, III, F. Stuart, and MacIntyre, Sally. 2016.
"Large CO2 effluxes at night and during synoptic weather events significantly contribute to CO2 emissions from a reservoir". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/6/064001. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1287223.
@article{osti_1287223,
title = {Large CO2 effluxes at night and during synoptic weather events significantly contribute to CO2 emissions from a reservoir},
author = {Liu, Heping and Zhang, Qianyu and Katul, Gabriel G. and Cole, Jonathan J. and Chapin, III, F. Stuart and MacIntyre, Sally},
abstractNote = {CO2 emissions from inland waters are commonly determined by indirect methods that are based on the product of a gas transfer coefficient and the concentration gradient at the air water interface (e.g., wind-based gas transfer models). The measurements of concentration gradient are typically collected during the day in fair weather throughout the course of a year. Direct measurements of eddy covariance CO2 fluxes from a large inland water body (Ross Barnett reservoir, Mississippi, USA) show that CO2 effluxes at night are approximately 70% greater than those during the day. At longer time scales, frequent synoptic weather events associated with extratropical cyclones induce CO2 flux pulses, resulting in further increase in annual CO2 effluxes by 16%. Therefore, CO2 emission rates from this reservoir, if these diel and synoptic processes are under-sampled, are likely to be underestimated by approximately 40%. Our results also indicate that the CO2 emission rates from global inland waters reported in the literature, when based on indirect methods, are likely underestimated. Field samplings and indirect modeling frameworks that estimate CO2 emissions should account for both daytime-nighttime efflux difference and enhanced emissions during synoptic weather events. Furthermore, the analysis here can guide carbon emission sampling to improve regional carbon estimates.},
doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/11/6/064001},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1287223},
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
issn = {1748-9326},
number = 6,
volume = 11,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue May 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Tue May 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
Web of Science
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