The terrestrial biosphere as a net source of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere

Tian, Hanqin; Lu, Chaoqun; Ciais, Philippe; Michalak, Anna M.; Canadell, Josep G.; Saikawa, Eri; Huntzinger, Deborah N.; Gurney, Kevin R; Sitch, Stephen; Zhang, Bowen; Yang, Jia; Bousquet, Philippe; Bruhwiler, Lori; Chen, Guangsheng; Pan, Shufen; Saunois, Marielle; Schwalm, Christopher R.; Dlugokencky, Edward; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Melillo, Jerry; Poulter, Benjamin; Prinn, Ronald; Wofsy, Steven C.

doi:10.1038/nature16946

Title: The terrestrial biosphere as a net source of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere

Journal Article · Wed Mar 09 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Nature (London)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/nature16946· OSTI ID:1265967

Tian, Hanqin ^[1]; Lu, Chaoqun ^[2]; Ciais, Philippe ^[3]; Michalak, Anna M. ^[4]; Canadell, Josep G. ^[5]; Saikawa, Eri ^[6]; Huntzinger, Deborah N. ^[7]; Gurney, Kevin R ^[8]; Sitch, Stephen ^[9]; Zhang, Bowen ^[1]; Yang, Jia ^[1]; Bousquet, Philippe ^[3]; Bruhwiler, Lori ^[10]; Chen, Guangsheng ^[11]; Pan, Shufen ^[1]; Saunois, Marielle ^[3]; Schwalm, Christopher R. ^[12]; Dlugokencky, Edward ^[10]; Friedlingstein, Pierre ^[9]; Melillo, Jerry ^[13] more »

Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL (United States)
Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL (United States); Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif sur Yvette (France)
Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA (United States)
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Research, Canberra (Australia)
Emory Univ., Atlanta, GA (United States)
Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States)
Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
Univ. of Exeter, Exeter (United Kingdom)
NOAA Earth System Research Lab., Boulder, CO (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States); Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA (United States)
The Ecosystems Center, Woods Hole, MA (United States)
Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)

The terrestrial biosphere can release or absorb the greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O), and therefore has an important role in regulating atmospheric composition and climate¹. Anthropogenic activities such as land-use change, agriculture and waste management have altered terrestrial biogenic greenhouse gas fluxes, and the resulting increases in methane and nitrous oxide emissions in particular can contribute to climate change^{2, 3}. The terrestrial biogenic fluxes of individual greenhouse gases have been studied extensively^{4, 5, 6}, but the net biogenic greenhouse gas balance resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate system remains uncertain. Here we use bottom-up (inventory, statistical extrapolation of local flux measurements, and process-based modelling) and top-down (atmospheric inversions) approaches to quantify the global net biogenic greenhouse gas balance between 1981 and 2010 resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate system. We find that the cumulative warming capacity of concurrent biogenic methane and nitrous oxide emissions is a factor of about two larger than the cooling effect resulting from the global land carbon dioxide uptake from 2001 to 2010. This results in a net positive cumulative impact of the three greenhouse gases on the planetary energy budget, with a best estimate (in petagrams of CO₂ equivalent per year) of 3.9 ± 3.8 (top down) and 5.4 ± 4.8 (bottom up) based on the GWP100 metric (global warming potential on a 100-year time horizon). Lastly, our findings suggest that a reduction in agricultural methane and nitrous oxide emissions, particularly in Southern Asia, may help mitigate climate change.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1265967

Journal Information:: Nature (London), Vol. 531, Issue 7593; ISSN 0028-0836

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 334 works

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Marine archaea and archaeal viruses under global change Danovaro, Roberto; Rastelli, Eugenio; Corinaldesi, Cinzia F1000Research, Vol. 6 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11404.1	journal	July 2017
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