Characterization of LiMn2O4 cathodes by electrochemical strain microscopy

Alikin, D. O.; Ievlev, A. V.; Luchkin, S. Yu.; Turygin, A. P.; Shur, V. Ya.; Kalinin, S. V.; Kholkin, A. L.

doi:10.1063/1.4943944

Title: Characterization of LiMn₂O₄ cathodes by electrochemical strain microscopy

Journal Article · Tue Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Applied Physics Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4943944· OSTI ID:1261313

Alikin, D. O. ^[1];

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^[3]; Turygin, A. P. ^[1]; Shur, V. Ya. ^[1];

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Ural Federal Univ., Ekaterinburg (Russia). Inst. of Natural Sciences
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Inst. for Functional Imaging of Materials
Univ. of Aveiro (Portugal). Physics Dept. and CICECO-Aveiro Inst. of Materials
Ural Federal Univ., Ekaterinburg (Russia). Inst. of Natural Sciences; Univ. of Aveiro (Portugal). Physics Dept. and CICECO-Aveiro Inst. of Materials

Electrochemical strain microscopy (ESM) is a scanning probe microscopy(SPM) method in which the local electrodiffusion is probed via application of AC voltage to the SPM tip and registration of resulting electrochemical strain. In this study, we implemented ESM to measure local strain in bulk LiMn₂O₄ cathodes of a commercial Li-battery in different states of charge to investigate distribution of Li-ion mobility and concentration. Ramped AC ESM imaging and voltage spectroscopy were used to find the most reliable regime of measurements allowing separating and diminishing different contributions to ESM. This is not a trivial task due to complex geometry of the sample and various obstacles resulting in less predictable contributions of different origins into ESM response: electrostatic tip–surface interactions, charge injection, electrostriction, and flexoelectricity. Finally, understanding and control of these contributions is an important step towards quantitative interpretation of ESM data.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); European Commission (EC), Brussels (Belgium); Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow (Russia). Ministry of Education and Science

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; 290158; 1366.2014/236

OSTI ID:: 1261313

Journal Information:: Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 11; ISSN 0003-6951

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 21 works

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Dynamic mechanical control of local vacancies in NiO thin films Seol, Daehee; Yang, Sang Mo; Jesse, Stephen Nanotechnology, Vol. 29, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aabe59	journal	May 2018
Phase coexistence and exchange-bias effect in $LiM n_{2} O_{4}$ nanorods Zhang, X. K.; Yuan, J. J.; Xie, Y. M. Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.97.104405	journal	March 2018
Visualization of Local Ionic Concentration and Diffusion Constants Using a Tailored Electrochemical Strain Microscopy Method Simolka, M.; Heim, C.; Friedrich, K. A. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0711903jes	journal	January 2019
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