Seeing through walls at the nanoscale: Microwave microscopy of enclosed objects and processes in liquids

Velmurugan, Jeyavel; Kalinin, Sergei V.; Kolmakov, Andrei; Tselev, Alexander; Ievlev, Anton V.

doi:10.1021/acsnano.5b07919

Title: Seeing through walls at the nanoscale: Microwave microscopy of enclosed objects and processes in liquids

Journal Article · Thu Feb 11 00:00:00 EST 2016 · ACS Nano

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b07919· OSTI ID:1247944

Velmurugan, Jeyavel ^[1]; Kalinin, Sergei V. ^[2]; Kolmakov, Andrei ^[3]; Tselev, Alexander ^[2]; Ievlev, Anton V. ^[2]

National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD (United States); Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD (United States)

Here, noninvasive in situ nanoscale imaging in liquid environments is a current imperative in the analysis of delicate biomedical objects and electrochemical processes at reactive liquid–solid interfaces. Microwaves of a few gigahertz frequencies offer photons with energies of ≈10 μeV, which can affect neither electronic states nor chemical bonds in condensed matter. Here, we describe an implementation of scanning near-field microwave microscopy for imaging in liquids using ultrathin molecular impermeable membranes separating scanning probes from samples enclosed in environmental cells. We imaged a model electroplating reaction as well as individual live cells. Through a side-by-side comparison of the microwave imaging with scanning electron microscopy, we demonstrate the advantage of microwaves for artifact-free imaging.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1247944

Journal Information:: ACS Nano, Vol. 10, Issue 3; ISSN 1936-0851

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 35 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (37)

An apparatus for imaging liquids, cells, and other wet samples in the scanning electron microscopy Thiberge, S.; Zik, O.; Moses, E. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 75, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1763262	journal	July 2004
Electron microscopy of specimens in liquid de Jonge, Niels; Ross, Frances M. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 6, Issue 11, p. 695-704 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2011.161	journal	October 2011
Electron transparent graphene windows for environmental scanning electron microscopy in liquids and dense gases Stoll, Joshua D.; Kolmakov, Andrei Nanotechnology, Vol. 23, Issue 50 https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/23/50/505704	journal	November 2012
Observation of biological samples using a scanning microwave microscope Park, Jewook; Hyun, S.; Kim, A. Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 102, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.09.007	journal	January 2005
Near-Field Optics: Microscopy, Spectroscopy, and Surface Modification Beyond the Diffraction Limit Betzig, E.; Trautman, J. K. Science, Vol. 257, Issue 5067 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.257.5067.189	journal	July 1992
In Situ Spatial and Time-Resolved Studies of Electrochemical Reactions by Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy Guay, Daniel; Stewart-Ornstein, Jacob; Zhang, Xuerong Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 77, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac048077j	journal	June 2005
Lattice light-sheet microscopy: Imaging molecules to embryos at high spatiotemporal resolution Chen, Bi-Chang; Legant, Wesley R.; Wang, Kai Science, Vol. 346, Issue 6208 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1257998	journal	October 2014
Three-dimensional microwave tomography: initial experimental imaging of animals Semenov, S. Y.; Svenson, R. H.; Bulyshev, A. E. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 49, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/10.972840	journal	January 2002
Detection of defects buried in metallic samples by scanning microwave microscopy Plassard, C.; Bourillot, E.; Rossignol, J. Physical Review B, Vol. 83, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.121409	journal	March 2011
Diffusion‐Controlled Multisweep Cyclic Voltammetry: III . Deposition of Silver on Stationary and Rotating‐Disk Electrodes Andricacos, P. C.; Ross, P. N. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 131, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2115887	journal	July 1984
Spatial resolution, information limit, and contrast transfer in piezoresponse force microscopy Kalinin, S. V.; Jesse, S.; Rodriguez, B. J. Nanotechnology, Vol. 17, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/17/14/010	journal	June 2006
Reactions of electrons in glycerol Kajiwara, Takashi; Thomas, J. K. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 76, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/j100656a005	journal	June 1972
Tomographic effects of near-field microwave microscopy in the investigation of muscle cells interacting with multi-walled carbon nanotubes Farina, Marco; Di Donato, Andrea; Monti, Tamara Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4767518	journal	November 2012
High-speed AFM and nano-visualization of biomolecular processes Ando, Toshio; Uchihashi, Takayuki; Kodera, Noriyuki Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, Vol. 456, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-007-0406-0	journal	December 2007
Nanoscale Measurement of the Dielectric Constant of Supported Lipid Bilayers in Aqueous Solutions with Electrostatic Force Microscopy Gramse, G.; Dols-Perez, A.; Edwards, M. A. Biophysical Journal, Vol. 104, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2013.02.011	journal	March 2013
Batch-fabricated cantilever probes with electrical shielding for nanoscale dielectric and conductivity imaging Yang, Yongliang; Lai, Keji; Tang, Qiaochu Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, Vol. 22, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/22/11/115040	journal	October 2012
Electrochemical formation and reduction of silver oxides in alkaline media Droog, John M. M.; Huisman, Fred Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, Vol. 115, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(80)80326-3	journal	December 1980
Subsurface Near-Field Scanning Tomography Gaikovich, K. P. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.183902	journal	May 2007
Microwave imaging via space-time beamforming for early detection of breast cancer Bond, E. J.; Hagness, S. C. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 51, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2003.815446	journal	August 2003
A flat Universe from high-resolution maps of the cosmic microwave background radiation de Bernardis, P.; Ade, P. A. R.; Bock, J. J. Nature, Vol. 404, Issue 6781 https://doi.org/10.1038/35010035	journal	April 2000
Anodic silver (II) oxides investigated by combined electrochemistry, ex situ XPS and in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy: EXAFS and XPS of anodic Ag(II)-oxides Lützenkirchen-Hecht, Dirk; Strehblow, Hans-Henning Surface and Interface Analysis, Vol. 41, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.3106	journal	September 2009
Graphene oxide windows for in situ environmental cell photoelectron spectroscopy Kolmakov, Andrei; Dikin, Dmitriy A.; Cote, Laura J. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 6, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2011.130	journal	August 2011
High-Resolution EM of Colloidal Nanocrystal Growth Using Graphene Liquid Cells Yuk, Jong Min; Park, Jungwon; Ercius, Peter Science, Vol. 336, Issue 6077 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1217654	journal	April 2012
Atomic-force-microscope-compatible near-field scanning microwave microscope with separated excitation and sensing probes Lai, K.; Ji, M. B.; Leindecker, N. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 78, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2746768	journal	June 2007
Electron–Water Interactions and Implications for Liquid Cell Electron Microscopy Schneider, Nicholas M.; Norton, Michael M.; Mendel, Brian J. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 118, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp507400n	journal	September 2014
Distance control for a near-field scanning microwave microscope in liquid using a quartz tuning fork Kim, Songhui; Yoo, Hyunjun; Lee, Kiejin Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1904713	journal	April 2005
Soft X-ray microscopy and spectroscopy at the molecular environmental science beamline at the Advanced Light Source Bluhm, H.; Andersson, K.; Araki, T. Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, Vol. 150, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2005.07.005	journal	February 2006
(Invited) Scanning Probe Microscopes for Subsurface Imaging Kopanski, J. J.; You, L.; Ahn, J. -J. ECS Transactions, Vol. 61, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/06102.0185ecst	journal	March 2014
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Amemiya, Shigeru; Bard, Allen J.; Fan, Fu-Ren F. Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anchem.1.031207.112938	journal	July 2008
Confocal microwave imaging for breast cancer detection: localization of tumors in three dimensions Fear, E. C.; Li, X.; Hagness, S. C. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 49, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2002.800759	journal	August 2002
High Resolution Scanning Microwave Microscopy for Applications in Liquid Environment Farina, M.; Di Donato, A.; Mencarelli, D. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 22, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2012.2225607	journal	November 2012
Scanning electron microscopy of cells and tissues under fully hydrated conditions Thiberge, S.; Nechushtan, A.; Sprinzak, D. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 101, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0400088101	journal	February 2004
Challenges associated with in-situ TEM in environmental systems: The case of silver in aqueous solutions Noh, Kyong Wook; Liu, Yin; Sun, Li Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 116 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.03.012	journal	May 2012
High-frequency electromagnetic dynamics properties of THP1 cells using scanning microwave microscopy Oh, Yoo Jin; Huber, Hans-Peter; Hochleitner, Markus Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 111, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2011.09.005	journal	November 2011
Electrochemical nucleation from molten salts—I. Diffusion controlled electrodeposition of silver from alkali molten nitrates Hills, G. J.; Schiffrin, D. J.; Thompson, J. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 19, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(74)80008-3	journal	November 1974
Nanoscale Electric Permittivity of Single Bacterial Cells at Gigahertz Frequencies by Scanning Microwave Microscopy Biagi, Maria Chiara; Fabregas, Rene; Gramse, Georg ACS Nano, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b04279	journal	December 2015
Three decades of active microwave imaging achievements, difficulties and future challenges Bolomey, Jean-Charles; Jofre, Lluis 2010 IEEE International Conference on Wireless Information Technology and Systems (ICWITS) https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWITS.2010.5611904	conference	August 2010

Cited By (12)

Scanning microwave microscopy applied to semiconducting GaAs structures Buchter, Arne; Hoffmann, Johannes; Delvallée, Alexandra Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5015966	journal	February 2018
Quantitative measurements of nanoscale permittivity and conductivity using tuning-fork-based microwave impedance microscopy Wu, Xiaoyu; Hao, Zhenqi; Wu, Di Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5022997	journal	April 2018
Anomalously low dielectric constant of confined water Fumagalli, L.; Esfandiar, A.; Fabregas, R. Science, Vol. 360, Issue 6395 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4191	journal	June 2018
In-situ near-field probe microscopy of plasma processing Tselev, Alexander; Fagan, Jeffrey; Kolmakov, Andrei Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5049592	journal	December 2018
Electron energy loss spectroscopy of wall charges in plasma-facing dielectrics Thiessen, E.; Bronold, F. X.; Fehske, H. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.11317	text	January 2019
Quantitative Measurements of Nanoscale Permittivity and Conductivity Using Tuning-fork-based Microwave Impedance Microscopy Wu, Xiaoyu; Hao, Zhenqi; Wu, Di arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1803.10821	text	January 2018
Electron energy loss spectroscopy of wall charges in plasma-facing dielectrics Thiessen, E.; Bronold, F. X.; Fehske, H. Plasma Sources Science and Technology, Vol. 28, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ab2d6b	journal	September 2019
Anomalously low dielectric constant of confined water Fumagalli, L.; Esfandiar, A.; Fabregas, R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1806.04486	text	January 2018
Microwave Sensors for Breast Cancer Detection Wang, Lulu Sensors, Vol. 18, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/s18020655	journal	February 2018
Spatial Resolution and Capacitive Coupling in the Characterization of Nanowire Nanocomposites by Scanning Dielectric Microscopy Balakrishnan, Harishankar; Fabregas, Rene; Millan-Solsona, Ruben Microscopy and Microanalysis, Vol. 27, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1017/s1431927621012319	journal	July 2021
Full-wave modeling of broadband near field scanning microwave microscopy Wu, Bi-Yi; Sheng, Xin-Qing; Fabregas, Rene Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13937-5	journal	November 2017
Multimodal imaging technology by integrated scanning electron, force, and microwave microscopy and its application to study microscaled capacitors Haenssler, Olaf C.; Fatikow, Sergej; Theron, Didier Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena, Vol. 36, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.5006161	journal	March 2018

Similar Records

Nanoscale Electronic Inhomogeneity in In_2Se_3 Nanoribbons Revealed by Microwave Impedance Microscopy

Journal Article · Wed Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2010 · Submitted to Nano Letters · OSTI ID:1247944

Lai, K J

High-Resolution Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) Imaging of Cellulose Microfibril Organization in Plant Primary Cell Walls

Journal Article · Thu Aug 24 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Microscopy and Microanalysis · OSTI ID:1247944

Zheng, Yunzhen; Cosgrove, Daniel J.; Ning, Gang

Image registration of low signal-to-noise cryo-STEM data

Journal Article · Fri Apr 27 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Ultramicroscopy · OSTI ID:1247944

Savitzky, Benjamin H.; El Baggari, Ismail; Clement, Colin B.; +16 more

Related Subjects

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
in situ imaging
radiolysis-free in-liquid imaging
encapsulation
near-field microwave microscopy

Title: Seeing through walls at the nanoscale: Microwave microscopy of enclosed objects and processes in liquids

Citation Formats

References (37)

Cited By (12)

Similar Records

Related Subjects