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Title: Global prevalence and distribution of genes and microorganisms involved in mercury methylation

Journal Article · · Science Advances
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [1]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  2. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD (United States)
  3. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Texas A&M Univ., Overton, TX (United States)

Mercury methylation produces the neurotoxic, highly bioaccumulative methylmercury (MeHg). Recent identification of the methylation genes (hgcAB) provides the foundation for broadly evaluating microbial Hg-methylation potential in nature without making explicit rate measurements. We first queried hgcAB diversity and distribution in all available microbial metagenomes, encompassing most environments. The genes were found in nearly all anaerobic, but not in aerobic, environments including oxygenated layers of the open ocean. Critically, hgcAB was effectively absent in ~1500 human microbiomes, suggesting a low risk of endogenous MeHg production. New potential methylation habitats were identified, including invertebrate guts, thawing permafrost, coastal dead zones, soils, sediments, and extreme environments, suggesting multiple routes for MeHg entry into food webs. Several new taxonomic groups potentially capable of Hg-methylation emerged, including lineages having no cultured representatives. We then begin to address long-standing evolutionary questions about Hg-methylation and ancient carbon fixation mechanisms while generating a new global view of Hg-methylation potential.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1224165
Journal Information:
Science Advances, Vol. 1, Issue 9; ISSN 2375-2548
Publisher:
AAASCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 293 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (34)

Deposition of mercury in forests across a montane elevation gradient: Elevational and seasonal patterns in methylmercury inputs and production: Mercury Processing in a Montane Forest journal August 2017
Distribution of mercury‐cycling genes in the Arctic and equatorial Pacific Oceans and their relationship to mercury speciation journal January 2020
Biotic formation of methylmercury: A bio–physico–chemical conundrum journal November 2019
Diversity of microbial communities potentially involved in mercury methylation in rice paddies surrounding typical mercury mining areas in China journal March 2018
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Biological Processes and Responses of the Bacterium Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ND132 upon Deletion of Its Mercury Methylation Genes journal August 2018
Intestinal Methylation and Demethylation of Mercury journal December 2018
Biotic and Abiotic Degradation of Methylmercury in Aquatic Ecosystems: A Review journal January 2019
Elucidating Microbial Pathways of Mercury Methylation During Litter Decomposition journal August 2019
Mercury exposure in songbird communities within Sphagnum bog and upland forest ecosystems in the Adirondack Park (New York, USA) journal February 2020
The effects of climate, habitat, and trophic position on methylmercury bioavailability for breeding New York songbirds journal December 2019
Total and methylmercury concentrations in ground and surface waters in natural and restored freshwater wetlands in northern New York journal January 2020
Total and methyl-mercury seasonal particulate fluxes in the water column of a large lake (Lake Geneva, Switzerland) journal May 2018
A review of global environmental mercury processes in response to human and natural perturbations: Changes of emissions, climate, and land use journal January 2018
Challenges and opportunities for managing aquatic mercury pollution in altered landscapes journal January 2018
Genomics and metagenomics of trimethylamine-utilizing Archaea in the human gut microbiome journal June 2017
Microbial mercury methylation in Antarctic sea ice journal August 2016
Molecular evidence for novel mercury methylating microorganisms in sulfate-impacted lakes journal February 2019
Rice life cycle-based global mercury biotransport and human methylmercury exposure journal November 2019
Mercury methylating microbial communities of boreal forest soils journal January 2019
Mercury methylation in stormwater retention ponds at different stages in the management lifecycle journal January 2018
Response of mercury in an Adirondack (NY, USA) forest stream to watershed lime application journal January 2018
Semi-quantitative design of black phosphorous field-effect transistor sensors for heavy metal ion detection in aqueous media journal January 2019
Precipitated silica agglomerates reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils as adsorbents for heavy metals journal January 2018
Methylmercury uptake and degradation by methanotrophs journal May 2017
Robust Mercury Methylation across Diverse Methanogenic Archaea journal April 2018
Recent advances in the study of mercury methylation in aquatic systems journal May 2017
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Quantification of Mercury Bioavailability for Methylation Using Diffusive Gradient in Thin-Film Samplers journal June 2018
New Insights into the Ecology and Physiology of Methanomassiliicoccales from Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments journal December 2020

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