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Title: Sedimentation pulse in the NE Gulf of Mexico following the 2010 DWH blowout

Journal Article · · PLoS ONE
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [1];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [1];  [7];  [7];  [7];  [8];  [3];  [9]
  1. Eckerd College, St. Petersburg, FL (United States)
  2. Eckerd College, St. Petersburg, FL (United States); Univ. of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL (United States)
  3. Univ. of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL (United States)
  4. Utrecht Univ., Utrecht (The Netherlands); Royal Netherland Institute for Sea Research, Texel (The Netherlands)
  5. Utrecht Univ., Utrecht (The Netherlands)
  6. Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
  7. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
  8. Environchron, Bradenton, FL (United States)
  9. Univ. of California, Merced, CA (United States)

The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil discharge at the seafloor as recorded in bottom sediments of the DeSoto Canyon region in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Through a close coupling of sedimentological, geochemical, and biological approaches, multiple independent lines of evidence from 11 sites sampled in November/December 2010 revealed that the upper ~1 cm depth interval is distinct from underlying sediments and results indicate that particles originated at the sea surface. Consistent dissimilarities in grain size over the surficial ~1 cm of sediments correspond to excess 234Th depths, which indicates a lack of vertical mixing (bioturbation), suggesting the entire layer was deposited within a 4–5 month period. In addition, a time series from four deep-sea sites sampled up to three additional times over the following two years revealed that excess 234Th depths, accumulation rates, and 234Th inventories decreased rapidly, within a few to several months after initial coring. The interpretation of a rapid sedimentation pulse is corroborated by stratification in solid phase Mn, which is linked to diagenesis and redox change, and the dramatic decrease in benthic formanifera density that was recorded in surficial sediments. Results are consistent with a brief depositional pulse that was also reported in previous studies of sediments, and marine snow formation in surface waters closer to the wellhead during the summer and fall of 2010. Although sediment input from the Mississippi River and advective transport may influence sedimentation on the seafloor in the DeSoto Canyon region, we conclude based on multidisciplinary evidence that the sedimentation pulse in late 2010 is the product of marine snow formation and is likely linked to the DWH discharge.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1224064
Journal Information:
PLoS ONE, Vol. 10, Issue 7; ISSN 1932-6203
Publisher:
Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 66 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (16)

Far-Field Modeling of a Deep-Sea Blowout: Sensitivity Studies of Initial Conditions, Biodegradation, Sedimentation, and Subsurface Dispersant Injection on Surface Slicks and Oil Plume Concentrations book June 2019
Remote Sensing of Sargassum Biomass, Nutrients, and Pigments journal November 2018
Numerical Modeling of the Interactions of Oil, Marine Snow, and Riverine Sediments in the Ocean journal August 2018
The Variable Influence of Dispersant on Degradation of Oil Hydrocarbons in Subarctic Deep-Sea Sediments at Low Temperatures (0–5 °C) journal May 2017
The impact of the Deepwater Horizon blowout on historic shipwreck-associated sediment microbiomes in the northern Gulf of Mexico journal June 2018
A new ecology-on-a-chip microfluidic platform to study interactions of microbes with a rising oil droplet journal September 2019
Bacteria forming drag-increasing streamers on a drop implicates complementary fates of rising deep-sea oil droplets journal March 2020
Sustained deposition of contaminants from the Deepwater Horizon spill journal May 2016
Effect of spatial origin and hydrocarbon composition on bacterial consortia community structure and hydrocarbon biodegradation rates journal June 2018
The core seafloor microbiome in the Gulf of Mexico is remarkably consistent and shows evidence of recovery from disturbance caused by major oil spills journal October 2019
Petrocarbon evolution: Ramped pyrolysis/oxidation and isotopic studies of contaminated oil sediments from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico journal February 2019
Bacterial Community Response in Deep Faroe-Shetland Channel Sediments Following Hydrocarbon Entrainment With and Without Dispersant Addition journal May 2018
Distinct Bacterial Communities in Surficial Seafloor Sediments Following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Blowout journal September 2016
Distinct Bacterial Communities in Surficial Seafloor Sediments Following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Blowout text January 2016
Hepatobiliary Analyses Suggest Chronic PAH Exposure in Hakes ( Urophycis spp.) Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill journal November 2019
Chemical Dispersant Enhances Microbial Exopolymer (EPS) Production and Formation of Marine Oil/Dispersant Snow in Surface Waters of the Subarctic Northeast Atlantic journal March 2019

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