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Title: BF3-promoted electrochemical properties of quinoxaline in propylene carbonate

Journal Article · · RSC Advances
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA00137D· OSTI ID:1214332
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [4]
  1. Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
  2. Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (United States); Univ. of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
  3. Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division
  4. Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
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Electrochemical and density functional studies demonstrate that coordination of electrolyte constituents to quinoxalines modulates their electrochemical properties. Quinoxalines are shown to be electrochemically inactive in most electrolytes in propylene carbonate, yet the predicted reduction potential is shown to match computational estimates in acetonitrile. We find that in the presence of LiBF4 and trace water, an adduct is formed between quinoxaline and the Lewis acid BF3, which then displays electrochemical activity at 1–1.5 V higher than prior observations of quinoxaline electrochemistry in non-aqueous media. Direct synthesis and testing of a bis-BF3 quinoxaline complex further validates the assignment of the electrochemically active species, presenting up to a ~26-fold improvement in charging capacity, demonstrating the advantages of this adduct over unmodified quinoxaline in LiBF4-based electrolyte. The use of Lewis acids to effectively “turn on” the electrochemical activity of organic molecules may lead to the development of new active material classes for energy storage applications.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1214332
Journal Information:
RSC Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 24; ISSN 2046-2069
Publisher:
Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 29 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (2)

Rechargeable organic–air redox flow batteries journal January 2018
Crystal structure of 1,3-bis(2,3-dimethylquinoxalin-6-yl)benzene journal November 2015

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY