Multi-fuel reformers for fuel cells used in transportation: Assessment of hydrogen storage technologies. Phase 2: Final report
During Phase 1 of this program, the authors evaluated all known hydrogen storage technologies (including those that are now practiced and those that are development) in the context of fuel cell vehicles. They determined that among the development technologies, carbon sorbents could most benefit from closer scrutiny. During Phase 2 of this program, they tested ten different carbon sorbents at various practical temperatures and pressures, and developed the concept of the usable Capacity Ratio, which is the ratio of the mass of hydrogen that can be released from a carbon-filled tank to the mass of hydrogen that can be released from an empty tank. The authors also commissioned the design, fabrication, and NGV2 (Natural Gas Vehicle) testing of an aluminum-lined, carbon-composite, full-wrapped pressure vessel to store hydrogen at 78 K and 3,000 psi. They constructed a facility to pressure cycle the tank at 78 K and to temperature cycle the tank at 3,000 psi, tested one such tank, and submitted it for a burst test. Finally, they devised a means by which cryogenic compressed hydrogen gas tanks can be filled and discharged using standard hardware--that is, without using filters, valves, or pressure regulators that must operate at both low temperature and high pressure. This report describes test methods and test results of carbon sorbents and the design of tanks for cold storage. 7 refs., 91 figs., 10 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Little (Arthur D.), Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-92CE50343
- OSTI ID:
- 113869
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/CE/50343-3; ON: DE96000681; TRN: AHC29526%%13
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: PBD: May 1995
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
HYDROGEN FUEL CELLS
HYDROGEN STORAGE
ELECTRIC-POWERED VEHICLES
ACTIVATED CARBON
CARBON BLACK
MOLECULAR SIEVES
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
PRESSURE VESSELS
PROGRESS REPORT
CRYOGENIC FLUIDS
LOADING
UNLOADING
SORPTIVE PROPERTIES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA