Spallation neutron source/proposed rf system
The rf system for the synchrotrons of the spallation neutron source is designed to accelerate 1.4 {times} 10{sup 14} protons/pulse to an energy of 3.6 GeV. Injection energy is 600 MeV. The synchrotron repetition frequency is 30 Hz, with a 50% duty factor. The choice of operating frequency is somewhat arbitrary. The authors propose a low frequency of 1.3 to 1.6 MHz, which is the second harmonic of the revolution frequency. The advantages of such a low frequency system are: (1) There will be two bunches in the machines and the time between bunches will be sufficiently long to allow for the rise time of the extraction kicker. No missing bunches will be necessary, which simplifies injection, and transient beam loading problems are avoided. (2) With only two bunches there are no unstable coupled-bunch modes of longitudinal instability. (3) In multi-gap low frequency cavities the transient time factor is essentially unity because the rf wavelength is much longer than the cavity dimensions. (4) Cavities in this low frequency range are basically lumped-element type structures, where the sources of the inductance and capacitance are clearly identified. This allows effective control of higher order mode impedances in such cavities. (5) Ferrite-loaded low-frequency cavities are necessarily low impedance structures; ferrites are lossy. This low impedance makes it possible to achieve system stability without large amounts of feedback in a heavily beam loaded system. (6) BNL has a good deal of experience in building rf systems in this range of frequency, voltage, and power level. This report outlines the essential parameters of a practical rf system for the synchrotrons of the Spallation Neutron Source. The design uses materials, ferrites and vacuum tubes, that are commercially available and with which the laboratory has recent experience.
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-76CH00016
- OSTI ID:
- 10194838
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-49655; ON: DE94003086; IN: SNS--4; TRN: 94:000201
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: PBD: 30 Sep 1993
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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