Nitrogen and carbon oxides chemistry in the HRS retorting process

Technical Report · Fri Nov 12 00:00:00 EST 1993

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/10189713· OSTI ID:10189713

Reynolds, J G

The HRS Oil Shale Retort process consists of a pyrolysis section which converts kerogen of the shale to liquid and gaseous products, and a combustion section which burns residual carbon on the shale to heat the process. Average gas concentrations of selected gas phase species were determined from data measured at several placed on the combustion system of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Hot-Recycled-Solids Retort Pilot Plant for representative rich and lean shale runs. The data was measured on-line and in real time by on-line meters (CO{sub 2}, CO, O{sub 2}), mass spectrometry (CO{sub 2}, O{sub 2}, H{sub 2}O, NO, CH{sub 4}, SO{sub 2}, N{sub 2} and Ar), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (CO{sub 2}, CO, H{sub 2}O, NO, N{sub 2}O, NO{sub 2}, CH{sub 4}, SO{sub 2}, NH{sub 3}, and HCN). For both the rich and leans shale runs, the Lift-Pipe Combustor (LFT) exhibited gas concentrations (sampled at the exit of the LFT) indicative of incomplete combustion and oxidation; the Delayed-Fall Combustor (DFC) exhibited gas concentrations (sampled at the annulus and the exit of the DFC) indicative of much more complete combustion and oxidation. The Fluidized-Bed Combustor exhibited gas concentrations which were controlled to a large extent by the injection atmosphere of the FBC. High levels of nitrogen oxides and low levels of CO were detected when full air injection was used, while high levels of CO and low levels of nitrogen-oxides were detected with partial N{sub 2} injection. Sequential sampling limitations and nitrogen balances are also discussed.

• Research Organization: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
• DOE Contract Number: W-7405-ENG-48
• OSTI ID: 10189713
• Report Number(s): UCRL-JC-115758; CONF-931181-2; ON: DE95001505; CRN: C/LLNL--T-126-90-1; TRN: AHC29426%%23
• Resource Relation: Conference: Eastern oil shale symposium,Lexington, KY (United States),17-19 Nov 1993; Other Information: PBD: 12 Nov 1993
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

04 OIL SHALES AND TAR SANDS
OIL SHALES
RETORTING
CARBON DIOXIDE
CHEMICAL REACTION YIELD
NITRIC OXIDE
METHANE
SULFUR DIOXIDE
NITROUS OXIDE
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
AMMONIA
HYDROCYANIC ACID
SPENT SHALES
COMBUSTION KINETICS
RETORTS
PROCESS HEAT
WATER VAPOR
OXYGEN
MONITORING
COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
FUEL-AIR RATIO
COMBUSTION CONTROL
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
040402
040900
044000
SURFACE METHODS
WASTE MANAGEMENT
COMBUSTION