Vitrification of NORM wastes
Abstract
Vitrification of wastes is a relatively new application of none of man`s oldest manufacturing processes. During the past 25 years it has been developed and accepted internationally for immobilizing the most highly radioactive wastes from spent nuclear fuel. By the year 2005, there will be nine operating high-level radioactive vitrification plants. Many of the technical ``lessons learned`` from this international program can be applied to much less hazardous materials such as naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM). With the deployment of low capital and operating cost systems, vitrification should become a broadly applied process for treating a large variety of wastes. In many situations, the wastes can be transformed into marketable products. This paper will present a general description of waste vitrification, summarize some of its key advantages, provide some test data for a small sample of one NORM, and suggest how this process may be applied to NORM.
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 10163111
- Report Number(s):
- PNL-SA-23820; CONF-940374-3
ON: DE94014412; TRN: 94:013634
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Technical Report
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: Environmental issues and solutions in exploration, production, and refining,Houston, TX (United States),2-4 Mar 1994; Other Information: PBD: May 1994
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; SOILS; VITRIFICATION; NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY; SILICATES; EXPERIMENTAL DATA; LEACHING; RADON; 052001; 540230; WASTE PROCESSING; RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS MONITORING AND TRANSPORT
Citation Formats
Chapman, C. Vitrification of NORM wastes. United States: N. p., 1994.
Web. doi:10.2172/10163111.
Chapman, C. Vitrification of NORM wastes. United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/10163111
Chapman, C. 1994.
"Vitrification of NORM wastes". United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/10163111. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/10163111.
@article{osti_10163111,
title = {Vitrification of NORM wastes},
author = {Chapman, C},
abstractNote = {Vitrification of wastes is a relatively new application of none of man`s oldest manufacturing processes. During the past 25 years it has been developed and accepted internationally for immobilizing the most highly radioactive wastes from spent nuclear fuel. By the year 2005, there will be nine operating high-level radioactive vitrification plants. Many of the technical ``lessons learned`` from this international program can be applied to much less hazardous materials such as naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM). With the deployment of low capital and operating cost systems, vitrification should become a broadly applied process for treating a large variety of wastes. In many situations, the wastes can be transformed into marketable products. This paper will present a general description of waste vitrification, summarize some of its key advantages, provide some test data for a small sample of one NORM, and suggest how this process may be applied to NORM.},
doi = {10.2172/10163111},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/10163111},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1994},
month = {Sun May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1994}
}