A model approach to vanadium involvement in crude oils and their refining. Progress report
Heavy crude oils contain a large amount of metal impurities, primarily vanadium species. These comprise both vanadyl porphyrins and vanadyl non-porphyrins. During hydrotreating of crude oils (reaction with H{sub 2} over a supported Mo/S catalyst at 350-- 450{degrees}C) for upgrading to usable products the V impurities are converted to insoluble V sulfides which help poison the fixed-bed Mo catalyst. Very little is known about the chemistry occurring at a detailed level; basically, it is known that initial impurities are vanadyl (VO){sup 2+}, i.e., V{sup IV} species, and that during the refining processes they are reduced and sulfided into polymers, i.e., the metal is reduced from V{sup IV} to {approximately} V{sup III}, the oxo is lost, the organic ligation is lost, and the metal is sulfided. In what order and in precisely what manner this overall transformation is occurring is not known. The essence of our research efforts is to develop vanadium chemistry of relevance to this area and to thereby provide fundamental information on the transformations occurring and that might prove useful in catalyst design. Our work has encompassed the study of the reactivity chemistry of [VO]{sup 2+} species and the formation and characterization of V/S aggregates under conditions designed to mimic those present under hydrotreating conditions. Thus, we are applying an Inorganic Model Approach to provide insights into the chemistry occurring during the refining process. Our emphasis has been on definitive characterization of products using a variety of physical techniques,including X-ray crystallography. Our work covers the following areas, each of which is described: studies in V/O{sup 2+} chemistry; V{sup III}/O chemistry; V/S complexes; and absorption of [VO]{sup 2+} groups on catalyst surfaces.
- Research Organization:
- Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- FG02-87ER13702
- OSTI ID:
- 10137293
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/ER/13702-6; ON: DE94008903; BR: KC0302010/KC0302020
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: PBD: [1994]
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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A model approach to vanadium involvement in crude oil refining. Progress report
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