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Title: Lack of evidence for low-LET radiation induced bystander response in normal human fibroblasts and colon carcinoma cells

Abstract

The conventional paradigm in radiation biology has been that DNA is the primary target for energy deposition following exposure to ionizing radiation. However, studies focusing on the non-target effects of radiation, i.e. effects occurring in cells not directly exposed to radiation, imply that the target of exposure is larger than what has traditionally been assumed and could have significant implications for radiation health risks. We have conducted an extensive study of the low-LET bystander effect including multiple cell lines and endpoints and various radiation sources and exposure scenarios. In no instance do we see evidence of a low-LET induced bystander effect. However, direct comparison for alpha particle exposure showed a statistically significant media transfer bystander effect for high-LET but not for low-LET radiation. From our results it is evident that there are many confounding factors mitigating bystander responses as reported in the literature and for the cell lines we studied that there is a LET dependence for the observed responses. Our observations reflect the inherent variability in biological systems and the difficulties in extrapolating from in vitro models to radiation risks in humans.

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
978509
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-64744
KP1602020; TRN: US201010%%145
DOE Contract Number:  
AC05-76RL01830
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
International Journal of Radiation Biology, 86(2):102-113
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 86; Journal Issue: 2
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; 99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS//MATHEMATICS, COMPUTING, AND INFORMATION SCIENCE; ALPHA PARTICLES; BIOLOGY; CARCINOMAS; DNA; FIBROBLASTS; FOCUSING; IN VITRO; IONIZING RADIATIONS; LARGE INTESTINE; RADIATION SOURCES; RADIATIONS; TARGETS; bystander effects; human cells; ionizing radiation; low-LET

Citation Formats

Sowa, Marianne B, Goetz, Wilfried, Baulch, Janet E, Pyles, Dinah N, Dziegielewski, J, Yovino, Susannah, Snyder, Andrew R, de Toledo, S M, Azzam, Edouard I, and Morgan, William F. Lack of evidence for low-LET radiation induced bystander response in normal human fibroblasts and colon carcinoma cells. United States: N. p., 2010. Web. doi:10.3109/09553000903419957.
Sowa, Marianne B, Goetz, Wilfried, Baulch, Janet E, Pyles, Dinah N, Dziegielewski, J, Yovino, Susannah, Snyder, Andrew R, de Toledo, S M, Azzam, Edouard I, & Morgan, William F. Lack of evidence for low-LET radiation induced bystander response in normal human fibroblasts and colon carcinoma cells. United States. https://doi.org/10.3109/09553000903419957
Sowa, Marianne B, Goetz, Wilfried, Baulch, Janet E, Pyles, Dinah N, Dziegielewski, J, Yovino, Susannah, Snyder, Andrew R, de Toledo, S M, Azzam, Edouard I, and Morgan, William F. 2010. "Lack of evidence for low-LET radiation induced bystander response in normal human fibroblasts and colon carcinoma cells". United States. https://doi.org/10.3109/09553000903419957.
@article{osti_978509,
title = {Lack of evidence for low-LET radiation induced bystander response in normal human fibroblasts and colon carcinoma cells},
author = {Sowa, Marianne B and Goetz, Wilfried and Baulch, Janet E and Pyles, Dinah N and Dziegielewski, J and Yovino, Susannah and Snyder, Andrew R and de Toledo, S M and Azzam, Edouard I and Morgan, William F},
abstractNote = {The conventional paradigm in radiation biology has been that DNA is the primary target for energy deposition following exposure to ionizing radiation. However, studies focusing on the non-target effects of radiation, i.e. effects occurring in cells not directly exposed to radiation, imply that the target of exposure is larger than what has traditionally been assumed and could have significant implications for radiation health risks. We have conducted an extensive study of the low-LET bystander effect including multiple cell lines and endpoints and various radiation sources and exposure scenarios. In no instance do we see evidence of a low-LET induced bystander effect. However, direct comparison for alpha particle exposure showed a statistically significant media transfer bystander effect for high-LET but not for low-LET radiation. From our results it is evident that there are many confounding factors mitigating bystander responses as reported in the literature and for the cell lines we studied that there is a LET dependence for the observed responses. Our observations reflect the inherent variability in biological systems and the difficulties in extrapolating from in vitro models to radiation risks in humans.},
doi = {10.3109/09553000903419957},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/978509}, journal = {International Journal of Radiation Biology, 86(2):102-113},
number = 2,
volume = 86,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2010},
month = {Mon Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2010}
}