The Radiation Chemistry of Radiochemical Separations: A Review
Radiochemistry deals with the chemistry of the radioactive elements, especially with regard to separations, while radiation chemistry is concerned with the chemical effects of ionizing radiation. The most common types of radiation encountered by the radiochemist are low linear energy transfer (LET) ß- and ? radiation, and higher LET a radiation. These radiations can have profound and important effects on radiochemistry, including changes in metal oxidation states and degradation of the organic ligands designed to complex radioelements. This may occur by direct action of the incident radiation on compounds present with high abundance or by reaction with radiolytically produced reactive species for trace components, such as the complexing agents used in separations. This review examines the role of reactive species created in irradiated aqueous and organic solution and their effects on radiochemistry. Examples are provided related to solvent extraction from acidic solution, metal complexation in alkaline tank waste, and the corrosion of spent fuel stored in repository brine. Radiolytic actinide and fission product metal redox reactions are also discussed.
- Research Organization:
- Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOE - NE
- DOE Contract Number:
- DE-AC07-05ID14517
- OSTI ID:
- 969055
- Report Number(s):
- INL/JOU-08-14635; RAACAP; TRN: US1000096
- Journal Information:
- Radiochimica Acta, Vol. 97, Issue 9; ISSN 0033-8230
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
ABUNDANCE
ACTINIDES
CHELATING AGENTS
CHEMISTRY
CORROSION
FISSION PRODUCTS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
LET
NUCLEAR POWER
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
RADIATIONS
RADIOCHEMISTRY
REDOX REACTIONS
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
SPENT FUELS
TANKS
VALENCE
fee radicals
ligand degradation
linear energy transfer
radiolysis
redox reactions
solvent extraction