Determination of combustion products from alternative fuels - part 1. LPG and CNG combustion products

Journal Article · Sat Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 1994 · SAE Special Publication

DOI:https://doi.org/10.4271/941903· OSTI ID:81330

Whitney, K A; Bailey, B K

This paper describes efforts underway to identify volatile organic exhaust species generated by a light-duty vehicle operating over the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) on CNG and LPG, and to compare them to exhaust constituents generated from the same vehicle operating on a fuel blended to meet California Phase 2 specifications. The exhaust species from this vehicle were identified and quantified for fuel/air equivalence ratios of 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2, nominally, and were analyzed with and without the vehicle`s catalytic converter in place to determine the influence of the vehicle`s catalyst on species formation. Speciation data showed greater than 87 percent of all LPG and greater than 95 percent of all CNG hydrocarbon exhaust constituents to be composed of C{sub 1} to C{sub 3} compounds. In addition, toxic emissions from the combustion of CNG and LPG were as low as 10 percent of those generated by combustion of gasoline. A comparison of ozone forming potential of the three fuels was made based on the Maximum Incremental Reactivity scale used by the California Air Resources Board. Post-catalyst results from stoichiometric operation indicated that LPG and CNG produced 63 percent and 88 percent less potential ozone than reformulated gasoline, respectively. On average over all equivalence ratios, CNG and LPG exhaust constituents were approximately 65 percent less reactive than those from reformulated gasoline. 4 refs., 3 figs., 14 tabs.

• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• OSTI ID: 81330
• Report Number(s): CONF-9410173-; TRN: 95:005152-001
• Journal Information: SAE Special Publication, Journal Issue: 1057; Conference: Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) international fuels and lubricants meeting and exposition, Baltimore, MD (United States), 17-20 Oct 1994; Other Information: PBD: Oct 1994
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

03 NATURAL GAS
02 PETROLEUM
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES
COMBUSTION
NATURAL GAS
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
MASS SPECTRA
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FUEL SUBSTITUTION
COMPRESSED GASES
FEDERAL TEST PROCEDURE
EXHAUST GASES
VOLATILE MATTER
FUEL-AIR RATIO
GASOLINE
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
AUTOMOTIVE FUELS